1. First of all, among the many nucleotides that make up these two genes, only one nucleotide difference can determine "fat" or "thin". If a gene contains cytosine, it is a fat gene and thymine, it is a thin gene. Scientists can switch any nucleotide of these two genes at will, and make artificial directional interference to create "fat" or "thin" genes, thus obtaining fat or thin mouse models. In other words, mice with thymine lean gene can avoid dietary taboos and will not gain weight, while mice with cytosine fat gene will gain weight when fed with water.
2. Secondly, in the experiment of human adipocytes, it is found that these two genes directly act on the thermogenic mechanism of adult "white" adipocytes, and determine the size and number of adipocytes in the body and the degree of obesity. However, previous studies believed that the thermogenic mechanism only existed in the "brown" adipocytes of human infancy or mice, and there were almost no brown adipocytes in adults. This clarifies a misleading view that once obesity is formed or white blood cells accumulate in large quantities, it is difficult to eliminate it. Or painstakingly make a fuss about the transition between "white and brown", the result is of course useless.
3. Third, these two genes directly regulate the thermogenic mechanism of white fat cells, without going through the brain. That is, it directly directs the thermogenic mechanism in white fat cells, either burning fat or storing fat for later use (weight gain).
As early as 2007, British scientists discovered the gene FTO related to obesity. However, a lot of in-depth research later failed to explain how genes regulate weight. At the beginning of last year, scientists at the University of Chicago found that IRX3 is an obesity gene located far away from FTO, and confirmed that eating anything at will is not fat in the IRX3 knockout mouse model. The research of MIT further improved the regulation of IRX3 and IRX5 genes on thermogenesis mechanism.
If everything is determined by genes, should people who "drink water to get fat" give up losing weight? The mechanism of human body heat production is the key to determine human body fat and thin. So, besides IRX3 and IRX5, what other factors can affect this mechanism? The answer is: exercise, dieting, low temperature. In other words, even if our parents give us the "fat" gene, we can still control our body shape through the acquired method! Of course, it is a little more difficult than those who have inherent advantages. Like human life span, many negative people think that at least 50% is determined by genes, and the efforts made the day after tomorrow are in vain. Now the conclusion of scientific experiments has reduced this ratio to 20%.
In short, believe in the role of genes, but don't "sit still" and keep your weight within your favorite range through exercise, moderate dieting and other means. I can decide my figure by myself, which is not difficult.
Expand the information on how obese people should lose weight. The following small methods should be learned quickly.
Method 1: Eat well early, eat well at noon and eat less at night. People who skip breakfast are more likely to get fat. Because even in sleep, the body has been consuming energy. At this time, your body will be hungry. Once there is no breakfast to store energy, we will unconsciously eat more food. It is easy to eat less at dinner when you are full at lunch. We should not only eat less at dinner, but also pay attention to what we eat. Meat, sweets and fried foods should be avoided as much as possible, and dinner should be light. Don't eat and drink less water for 3 hours before going to bed.
Method 2: Chew slowly. When chewing slowly, saliva and gastric juice digest food much better. When we are full, the appetite center of the brain will send a signal to stop eating, but it will take some time. When this signal comes, you may have been overeating, so chewing slowly will stop the growth of fat, which is why it is best to eat full.
Method 3: Do not eat every week 1 day, and eat normally for the remaining 6 days. Studies have shown that proper fasting not only helps to lose weight, but also detoxifies and makes people healthier. However, excessive fasting can cause malnutrition, so fast food is recommended to lose weight. In the 7-day cycle, you can choose the most suitable day to fast, and keep a normal eating rhythm for the remaining 6 days, which can not only develop the good habit of regular detoxification, but also will not bring too much pressure to your body and mind.
Reference People's Network-Why do people get fat when they drink water?
Reference People's Network-How should those who "drink water to get fat" lose weight?