Question 1: the significance of state-owned enterprise reform. Promoting the reform and development of state-owned enterprises and enhancing the vitality of state-owned enterprises and the control of state-owned economy are of great significance for establishing a socialist market economic system, promoting sustained, rapid and healthy economic development, improving people's living standards, maintaining a stable and United political situation and consolidating the socialist system. State-owned enterprises are the pillars of our national economy. To develop the productive forces of socialist society and realize the industrialization and modernization of the country, we must always rely on and play the important role of state-owned enterprises. Under the situation of economic globalization and accelerated scientific and technological progress, state-owned enterprises are facing increasingly fierce market competition. Development is the last word. We must keenly grasp the domestic and international economic development trends, effectively change the mode of economic growth, expand the development space, and form new advantages of state-owned enterprises as soon as possible. The reform of state-owned enterprises is the central link of the whole economic system reform. To establish and improve the socialist market economic system and realize the effective combination of public ownership and market economy, the most important thing is to make state-owned enterprises form a management system and operating mechanism that meets the requirements of market economy. We should continue to emancipate our minds, seek truth from facts, take it as the fundamental standard that it is conducive to developing the productive forces of socialist society, enhancing the comprehensive national strength of socialist countries and improving people's living standards, boldly use all management methods and organizational forms that reflect the laws of modern socialized production, strive to explore forms of public ownership that greatly promote the development of productive forces, and take new steps in deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises. Doing a good job in the reform and development of state-owned enterprises is an important foundation for achieving long-term stability of the country and maintaining social stability. We should correctly handle the relationship between reform, development and stability, and the strength and speed of reform should adapt to the national strength and social affordability, and strive to create a new situation in which reform, development and stability promote each other. In "naturally developed" countries, market expansion presents a trajectory from commodity market to capital market. Although the financial system serving production is also developing, the rise and large-scale development of the securities market is directly affected by a large number of financing and the demand for mergers and acquisitions between enterprises. As a "transitional" country, we have basically established a modern industrial base and reached a high level in some areas, which can compete with western developed countries. The factory system is not only established, but also has a relatively systematic management system. Different from "natural development", these factories did not grow up under the market expansion, but mainly relied on the planning of * * *. Therefore, they are "factories" rather than "enterprises". From such a starting point, how to realize the market-oriented "transformation" of these factories and what kind of order and logic to adopt in the "transformation" have become the problems we are facing. For some time, the development of commodity market has caused some substantial changes in all enterprises, including state-owned enterprises, and even the whole national economy. There are very few enterprises that rely entirely on the state for food and livelihood (although it cannot be said that there is no). For the reform of state-owned enterprises, the changes brought by the commodity market have created an indispensable prerequisite for the development of the capital market. Here we are concerned about the above-mentioned market development order. Theoretically, it can be assumed that the capital market develops before the commodity market, or both advance simultaneously, but the operators of the capital market will soon find that enterprises will not produce and sell products according to the market demand, and they don't know which enterprises can survive and make profits in the market competition, become the leading enterprises, who will merge who in the enterprise restructuring, and who are real entrepreneurs rather than fake entrepreneurs. In this case, it is self-evident what kind of development the capital market can have. On June 5, 20 15, at the 13 meeting of the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reform, * * * emphasized that the pilot project is an important task of reform, and it is necessary to take steps, explore boldly, act positively, and play a good role in demonstrating, breaking through and driving the overall reform. This makes the significance and value of the pilot project of central enterprises for the reform of state-owned enterprises prominent. In fact, with the recent market adjustment, the task of central enterprise reform in the second half of the year has clearly emerged from the statement of SASAC that central enterprises should take measures to maintain stock market stability. SASAC requires all central enterprises not to reduce their shares in listed companies. At the same time, support central enterprises to increase their holdings of listed companies whose share prices deviate from their value, and strive to maintain the stability of listed companies' share prices. SASAC also stressed that it will further promote the deepening reform of central enterprises, accelerate the pace of enterprise restructuring and integration, and improve the efficiency of market-oriented resource allocation. Continue to adopt the methods of asset reorganization, fostering capital injection, etc. , strive to improve the quality of listed companies, support the listed companies controlled by them to speed up transformation and upgrading and structural adjustment, and establish and improve investment. & gt

Question 2: The significance of state-owned enterprise reform. The reform of state-owned enterprises is the central link of the whole economic system reform. To establish and improve the socialist market economic system and realize the effective combination of public ownership and market economy, the most important thing is to make state-owned enterprises form a management system and operating mechanism that meets the requirements of market economy.

For enterprises, it is also conducive to adapting to the development of national conditions and actively responding to national policies. You can consult a third-party organization that has research on the reform of state-owned enterprises, such as CUHK Consulting.

Question 3: Analyzing the economic significance of promoting the reform of state-owned enterprises in China has the following economic significance:

(1) Through reform, we will stimulate the vitality of state-owned capital, enhance the vitality, control and influence of the state-owned economy, give play to the leading role of the state-owned economy, and enhance the dominant position of the public-owned economy.

(2) It is beneficial to make state-owned enterprises better adapt to the requirements of marketization and internationalization, realize scientific management (establish modern enterprise system), and improve economic and social benefits.

(3) It is conducive to the recruitment of talents by state-owned enterprises, and it is also conducive to rectifying the distribution order and promoting fair distribution.

Question 4: Briefly describe the positive significance of implementing the reform of state-owned enterprises. The gratifying achievements in the reform and development of state-owned enterprises in recent years are the result of the correct leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the positive efforts of enterprises, the improvement of management system and the strengthening of state-owned assets supervision.

First of all, the reform of state-owned assets management system has realized "separation of government and enterprise" and "separation of government and capital" from the institutional setup. The separation of government and enterprise, government and capital leads to more approval than return, which is an important crux of state-owned enterprises. After the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council decided to set up the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) to perform the investor's duties for central enterprises, but not the social management function, and made it clear that other departments and institutions did not perform the investor's duties for state-owned assets. The establishment of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) has for the first time separated government from enterprises, and separated the management function of * * * from the investor function of state-owned assets at the level of * * *. In recent years, we have firmly grasped the responsibilities of investors, performed their duties in accordance with the law, earnestly safeguarded the rights and interests of owners, safeguarded the rights enjoyed by enterprises as market entities in accordance with the law, and fully respected the business autonomy and corporate property rights of enterprises. Enterprises have also fully recognized the new state-owned assets management system, and a series of reform, adjustment and supervision measures introduced by SASAC have been supported by enterprises.

Secondly, the reform of state-owned assets management system has effectively implemented the responsibility of maintaining and increasing the value of state-owned assets. In the past, it was "Jiulong Water Control", and many departments of state-owned enterprises were in charge, but no department was really responsible for maintaining and increasing the value of state-owned assets. Multi-head management, multi-head government, is bound to emphasize examination and approval, but there is no clear term of office for the appointment of leaders in light-duty enterprises, no strict post assessment, and salary is not linked to performance. State-owned enterprises lack hard constraints and do more and less. Since its establishment, SASAC has always placed responsibility in a prominent position, implemented responsibility through the establishment of a performance appraisal system, and gradually standardized salary, with rewards and punishments linked to performance, forming a unified working mechanism of responsibility implementation and pressure transmission. After the investor is in place, the responsibility of maintaining and increasing the value of state-owned assets can be well implemented, and enterprises have worked hard from leaders to employees, which is an important reason for the substantial increase in economic benefits of central enterprises in recent years.

Third, the reform of the state-owned assets management system has effectively strengthened the supervision of state-owned assets. In the past, state-owned enterprises were distributed in many departments. But these departments not only perform the functions of public management, but also perform the functions of investors. The two functions are confused, and they are "mother-in-law" and "boss". Therefore, they pay more attention to approval than supervision. The loss of state-owned assets in enterprise restructuring and property rights transfer is very prominent, which once became the focus of attention of the National People's Congress, CPPCC and all walks of life. As the representative of the investor of state-owned assets, SASAC's basic duty is to supervise state-owned assets and realize the preservation and appreciation. In recent years, we have formulated a series of rules and regulations in strengthening enterprise financial supervision, property right management and transfer, investment and financing decision-making, and high-risk business control, and strictly supervised their implementation, which has promoted the establishment and improvement of enterprise internal management mechanism, curbed the loss of state-owned assets, and safeguarded national interests and the legitimate rights and interests of employees. At the same time, the supervision system of close cooperation between the board of supervisors, discipline inspection and supervision and audit supervision has been improved, and the supervision of state-owned assets has been effectively strengthened.

The reform practice over the past four years has fully proved that the decision of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China on the reform of the state-owned assets management system is completely correct, and the policy of "unifying rights, obligations and responsibilities, and combining managing assets with managing people and affairs" is completely correct. Whether an enterprise can do well is not necessarily related to ownership. Following the law of enterprise development, state-owned enterprises will certainly do well. Since the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, a series of principles and policies set by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council should be unswervingly promoted and constantly improved, and unswervingly implemented.

Question 5: Why should high school politics deepen the reform of state-owned enterprises and establish a modern enterprise system?

1. The goal of the reform and development of state-owned enterprises

(1) Since the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the pace of state-owned enterprise reform has been accelerated, especially the three-year goal of state-owned enterprise reform and extricating itself from difficulties.

Basically realized, not only the operating conditions of state-owned enterprises have been significantly improved, but also the reform of state-owned enterprises has taken a new step, for

The new century has laid a good foundation for continuing to promote the reform and development of state-owned enterprises.

(2) By 20 10, the goal of reform and development of state-owned enterprises is to adapt to the economic system and economic growth mode.

Fundamentally change and expand the requirements of opening to the outside world, basically complete strategic adjustment and reorganization, and form a more reasonable state-owned economy.

Economic layout and structure, a relatively perfect modern enterprise system has been established, economic benefits have been significantly improved, and scientific and technological development capabilities and markets have been improved.

The competitiveness and anti-risk ability have been significantly enhanced, and the state-owned economy has played a leading role in the national economy.

2. The significance of the reform of state-owned enterprises

At the turn of the century, peace and development are still the themes of the times, but hegemonism and power politics have made new progress.

Comprehensive national strength is increasingly becoming the dominant factor that determines the future and destiny of a country. We should strengthen the country's economic strength.

In order to maintain our strength and national cohesion, we must constantly promote the development and growth of the state-owned economy.

(2) State-owned enterprises are the mainstay of our national economy. It is the central link of the whole economic system reform. Overall increase

Strengthening the vitality of state-owned enterprises and the control of state-owned economy is very important for establishing a socialist market economic system and promoting sustainable economic development.

Rapid and healthy development, improving people's living standards, maintaining a stable and United political situation and consolidating the socialist system are all very important.

It means a lot.

(3) Doing a good job in the reform and development of state-owned enterprises is an important foundation for achieving long-term national stability and maintaining social stability.

To correctly handle the relationship between reform, development and stability, the intensity and speed of reform should be consistent with national strength and social affordability.

Adapt to it and strive to create a new situation in which reform, development and stability promote each other.

3. Important policies on the reform of state-owned enterprises in the report of the 16th CPC National Congress

(1) Continue to adjust the layout and structure of the state-owned economy. Further follow the principle of advance and retreat established since the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

In order to make a difference, we will further adjust the state-owned economy. If it can be restructured, it will be restructured, and if it can be a joint venture, it will be a joint venture.

If the auction can be auctioned, the state-owned economy should be concentrated in the most favorable place to play its role and benefit.

(2) Further promote the construction of standardized modern enterprise system. Actively promote the shareholding system and develop a mixed ownership economy.

Diversification of investment subjects is implemented, and important enterprises are controlled by the state. According to the requirements of modern enterprise system, large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises

The Company will continue to implement the standardized corporate system reform and improve the corporate governance structure.

(3) Actively explore "multiple effective realization forms" of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises. Reform the management system of state-owned assets,

Promote the separation of government from enterprise, further increase the vitality of state-owned enterprises, and further improve the ability of maintaining and increasing the value of state-owned assets.

(4) Continue to promote the reform of monopoly industries and actively introduce competition mechanism.

(5) Weakening the excessive protection of state-owned enterprises. Various ownership economies give full play to their respective advantages in market competition,

Promote each other and develop together.

(6) Develop large companies and enterprise groups with international competitiveness through market and policy guidance. Further liberalization

Living state-owned small and medium-sized enterprises.

4. The layout of the state-owned economy should be strategically adjusted.

(1) The necessity of adjustment. After more than 20 years of unremitting efforts, the layout and structural adjustment of China's state-owned economy has become clear.

Significant progress has been made: first, the state-owned economic front has shrunk significantly. Second, state-owned capital is further invested in basic fields and large enterprises.

Industry concentration. However, compared with the general requirements of establishing a socialist market economic system, the progress of the reform of state-owned enterprises is not thorough.

Unsurprisingly, the problem of unreasonable distribution of state-owned capital has not been fundamentally solved, which is related to the growing

Market competition. In order to meet the requirements of economic system reform, transformation of economic growth mode and opening wider to the outside world, we must continue.

Strategically adjust the layout of the state-owned economy and enhance its competitiveness and control.

(2) the main work of strategic adjustment of state-owned economy:

① Actively explore various effective forms of public ownership and strengthen the control of the state-owned economy. Realizing that its control is not

Not only quantity, but also quality and competitiveness. The role of state-owned economy should be realized through state-owned enterprises.

Now, it must be realized through the shareholding system.

② The strategic adjustment of state-owned economy should be combined with the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure and the adjustment and improvement of ownership structure.

......& gt& gt

Question 6: The significance of the reform of state-owned enterprises is mainly to improve competitiveness, reduce the burden on the country and promote economic development. However, as the great man said, many smart, powerful, well-connected and discerning people took the opportunity to pick many peaches, which caused a growing gap between the rich and the poor.

Question 7: What is the reform of state-owned enterprises? The reform of state-owned enterprises has four meanings. There are many understandings about the reform of state-owned enterprises: changing the form of enterprises, changing the ownership structure and changing the basic system of enterprises.

Changing the enterprise form is to change the enterprise legal form that regulates the organizational relationship and governance structure of enterprise capital. For example, an enterprise stipulated in the Enterprise Law becomes a wholly-owned company stipulated in the Company Law, and a limited liability company becomes a joint-stock company.

Changing the ownership structure of an enterprise means introducing new shareholders or changing the shareholding ratio of the enterprise. Another significance of the change of ownership structure is that shareholders with different rights can be arranged, such as gold shareholders and preferred shareholders. The change of enterprise legal form is sometimes the premise of enterprise equity change.

The broader enterprise reorganization also includes extensive changes in the internal system of enterprises, such as changing the incentive system for operators and the labor wage system. These changes are not necessarily the basic elements of enterprise restructuring in a narrow sense, but they are often the causes or results or conditions of enterprise restructuring, which are closely related to enterprise restructuring and are important issues that must be paid attention to when carrying out enterprise restructuring, especially when the incentive effect is the main goal.

(2) Basic information: main driving factors and current situation.

The reform of state-owned enterprises began in the mid-1980s, but it became the theme of state-owned enterprise reform after 1990s. The factors that promote the reform of state-owned enterprises involve political policies, localities, capital markets and business operators.

The 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out that the direction of China's economic system reform is to establish a socialist market economic system. Since then, especially the Third Plenary Session of the 14th CPC Central Committee, the Third Plenary Session of the 15th CPC Central Committee and the Third Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee, the basic policy of the central government to promote the restructuring of state-owned enterprises has become increasingly clear. The political decision of the central government provides a prerequisite political basis for the relevant parties to introduce relevant policies and for local and enterprises to promote the restructuring of state-owned enterprises. After the 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the policies issued by the relevant state departments gradually clarified the corresponding norms of state-owned enterprise restructuring from the operational level.

Local governments have made rapid progress in restructuring state-owned enterprises. This has two backgrounds: First, after the 1990s, many local state-owned enterprises had difficulties in operating and were unsustainable; Second, local governments hope that enterprises with great potential can achieve faster development with less investment. In order to solve difficulties and develop