Research on the application of skills and tactics in the physical confrontation of excellent basketball centers

[Abstract] By using the methods of literature review, video observation and mathematical statistics, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the body shape, physical quality, confrontation degree in the physical confrontation area, various technical performances, attack forms and technical and tactical application ability of outstanding men's basketball centers in world large-scale basketball competitions. The results show that: 1) With the continuous improvement of the world basketball level, higher requirements are put forward for the body shape and confrontation ability of center players, and the intensity of physical confrontation is becoming more and more intense. 2) At present, the world's outstanding men's basketball centers actively use their bodies against their opponents when shooting; 3) The world's outstanding men's basketball centers have a wide range of activities, frequent movements and many catching points. High efficiency is an important feature of an excellent center. 4) At present, the world's outstanding centers have developed in an all-round way, with strong ability to participate in attack and various attack methods, but the position attack is the main one. 5) The center's position attack is mainly based on close attack, with a high success rate. 6) In the basic cooperation of two or three people, the center mainly focuses on passing and cutting cooperation and pulling cooperation, which is more efficient than individual attack. 7) Storm is the most effective way for the center to attack inside. And the success rate is high, as well as turning and shooting, hook and so on. It is also a common technical means of the center. 8) Rebounding is the lifeblood of the game. The world's outstanding center not only has fast starting speed, good bounce and outstanding continuous bounce, but also has a strong sense of body position and is fierce. Through the above analysis, it is of great significance to improve the teaching and training of center and improve the level of China men's basketball team.

[Keywords:] Basketball; Center forward; Physical confrontation; Application of technology and tactics: research

1. Introduction

The reason why ball games have become a lasting and attractive sports career lies in its highly antagonistic basketball and dramatic results. At present, people can watch high-level basketball games at home and abroad through the media, not only can they see that foreign basketball players have made wonderful breakthroughs in technology, but also they are not afraid of collisions and beatings, and their confrontation ability is very strong, thus increasing the appreciation of the game and interpreting the charm of basketball.

Contemporary basketball is developing in the direction of "three highs and one strong", and the focus of confrontation in the game is on the contradiction between attack and defense, which is both opposite and unified. This kind of confrontation is manifested in many aspects, levels and angles, such as technical confrontation and tactical competition, interior competition, exterior competition, physical collision and air competition. Among many confrontations, the physical confrontation of the center is especially concerned by coaches. "The strength of the center determines the level of the team. Without a high-level center, it is difficult to become one of the top teams in the world, which has been recognized by people in the basketball field. The rules of basketball have developed from "no physical contact" to "20% physical contact will be punished for personal foul", and from no physical confrontation to strong confrontation with fierce physical contact. In particular, center players are in the hinterland of the restricted area, with the most frequent and intense physical contact and physical confrontation everywhere. With the improvement of rules and the appearance of offensive defense, people gradually realize that "height and weight are directly proportional to competition results". It can be said that with the increase of the height and weight rudder, the physical confrontation intensity of the center is getting worse and worse.

And this strong confrontation constantly puts forward higher requirements for the center's physical confrontation ability.

Therefore, this paper studies and analyzes the various offensive ways and methods of the world's outstanding men's basketball centers in the 28th Olympic Games, and summarizes the rules and characteristics of the contemporary men's basketball centers' offensive. This paper analyzes the physical confrontation ability of excellent men's basketball center, and provides reference for the teaching and training of center in the future.

2. Research objects and methods

2. 1 research object-the top eight men's basketball center players in the 28th Athens Olympic Games.

2.2 Research methods

2.2. 1 literature method: I read nearly 30 articles about the research on the offensive and defensive situation of basketball center players in the past five years, and mastered the cutting-edge materials and information. I have collected more than 30 data of major NBA and international competitions after 2004 and information from the authoritative magazine Basketball.

2.2.2 Statistical method of video observation: Design a comparative analysis table about the body shape and physical quality of the world's outstanding men's basketball centers, as well as the confrontation degree, technical performance, attack form, position attack form, attack means used in close-range attack, rebound control in front and back court, the ability of center players in different attack convergence stages, and then collect data by watching the video of the 28th Olympic Games.

2.2.3 Data statistics: statistics and processing the data collected in each table, and finally analysis and research.

3 Results and analysis

3. 1 Height and Weight Analysis of World Excellent Men's Basketball Center

Table 1 Statistical Table of Average Height (H) and Weight (W) of Six Teams before Two Men's Basketball Games

2004 Athens Olympic World Championships

The team bid farewell to HW, HW, HW, HW and HW.

Champion team 2.18113.40 52.10 2.13107.6 50.30

The first three places are 2.12104.7149.36 2.06102.249.65 respectively.

4- 6 students 2.04101.10 49.571.99 98.73 49.438+0.

As can be seen from the table 1, with the development of contemporary basketball in the direction of "three highs and one strong", the requirements for the height and physical quality of basketball players have also increased accordingly. From the 2004 World Championships, the center height of the champion team is.13m, and the average height of the top three players is over 2.06m, while the average height of the center of Team 4 6 is 65,438+. In the 28th Olympic Men's Basketball Competition, the center height of the champion team Argentina reached 2. 18m, and the average height of the top three centers was about 2.11m.. The average height of the center of 4 6 Olympic teams is 2.02 meters. It can be seen that the strength of the center is proportional to the strength of the team's performance. Center players have superior physical conditions and strong antagonism, which build a barrier for the team inside and lay the foundation for the team to achieve excellent results.

3.2 Analysis of the World Excellent Men's Basketball Center's Shooting in Different Positions in the Forbidden Area.

Table 2 Shooting statistics of the world's top men's basketball center in different positions in the restricted area

Positions active body contact shooting times general body contact shooting times no body contact shooting times.

1 zone (bottom of zone 3)148 (53.8%) 82 (30%) 72 (16.2%)

Zone 2 (middle of zone 3) 82 (49%) 49 (29%) 37.4 (22%)

Area 3 (upper part of Area 3) 8 (13%)12 (20%) 40 (66%)

As can be seen from Table 2, in the process of shooting, active use of physical confrontation has become the main form of center confrontation of top teams in the world. According to statistics, 53.8% of shots are active physical contact, 30% are general physical contact, and 16.2% are shots without any contact. ① Area collision, shoving, shoving and handling account for 83.8% of all body contact. However, the number of catches and shots by the center in area ② is obviously lower than that in area ①. For example, in area ②, active physical contact accounts for 49%, general physical contact accounts for 29%, and non-contact shooting accounts for 22%. According to the statistics of the eight districts, it also shows the same downward trend. According to the law of the data in the table, the basket has always been a battleground for the "home court", and the center is the most active under the basket. If the center doesn't take advantage of physical confrontation to seize the favorable position and take the offensive, it will lose its value. Moreover, statistics show that the center of the world's top teams actively uses their bodies against each other in the shooting process, which has become the main form of confrontation for center players. Moreover, according to the statistics of active physical contact times in 1 zone, zone 2 and zone 3, the farther away from the basket, the less physical contact times, and the more the center moves from the bottom of the basket, the higher the attack success rate, so it is necessary to strengthen the confrontation training of the center.

3.3 Analysis of the way the world's top men's basketball center catches the ball

Table 3 Statistical table of the receiving ways of the top three centers of the men's basketball team in Athens Olympic Games

Total number of in-situ important catches, floating catches and non-important catches

Team shooting success rate (%) shooting success rate (%) shooting success rate (%)

Champion team17 (41.4) 56.220 (48.7) 43.44 (9.7) 51.341.

Subarmy15 (38.4) 45.218 (46.1) 37.86 (15.3) 49.739

Runner-up12 (46.1) 51.812 (46.1) 38.62 (8.2) 45.226.

The total number is 44 (41.5) 50 (47.1)12 (12)106.

As can be seen from Table 3, the statistical analysis of the ways of receiving the ball by the top three center players in the 28th Olympic Games shows that the number of moving catches is the most, accounting for 47. 1% of the total, followed by in-situ catches, accounting for 4 1.5%. However, the capture with no important position is 1 1%. It can be seen from the men's basketball competition in the 28th Olympic Games that the world's elite men's basketball centers frequently use mobile catch, which has a wide range of movement and good stability in receiving service. From the statistical analysis of the champion team, the ratio of catching the ball in situ is 4 1.4, which is basically the same as the average level of the top three, but slightly higher than the average level in moving the ball. The Argentine center of the champion team reached 48.7 K, with good shooting stability and high hit rate, reaching 43.4%. Moreover, the shooting percentage of catching the ball without important position is as high as 5 1.3%. Secondly, the US team that won the runner-up was 38.4% lower than the average, while the mobile catch was 46. 1%, which was related to the team's flexible running position. However, the American team's mobile catch hit rate is only 37.8%, which is also the reason why the American team lost in the Olympic men's basketball competition. However, the shooting percentage of the American center who didn't catch the ball is as high as 47.9%, which is due to the personal quality and characteristics of the center. And the center's play is suitable for this kind of play. In addition, the center who won the third place is not inferior to the former in various data, but the overall strength level of the team can not make the team achieve good results. Therefore, the statistical analysis of the way the top three center players receive the ball in the 28th Olympic Games shows the following characteristics: foreign center players have a wide range of activities, frequent movements, many catching points and high efficiency, while relatively few players have no important positions, which shows that center players have higher and higher requirements for starting, and they have to grab the position more ruthlessly. If the opponent's defense is tighter, they will automatically give up their position to others. In order to catch the ball, they will only locate the ball.

In a word, the excellent center in the world, with high moving efficiency, proper position selection, strong moving continuity, more catching times and more offensive opportunities, are the key factors for the center's strong physical confrontation and attack. Yao Ming, an excellent center compared with me, has the disadvantages of single catching point and slow starting speed, which affects the offensive speed. In the restricted area, the confrontation before and after catching the ball is also very fierce. When the attacker grabs the position, the defender often pushes hard, which makes the attacker deviate from the favorable position or lose balance. The attacker should be good at catching the ball under strong pressure and constantly make physical confrontation techniques. Therefore, the center must be good at using fast and flexible footwork and reasonable confrontation to occupy a favorable position to catch the ball; Secondly, it is necessary to pass the ball closely with the peripheral partners, grasp the starting time, and make the ball reach people and people catch the ball.

3.4 Analysis of the Attack Style in the Physical Confrontation of the World Top Men's Basketball Center

Table 4 Statistical table of attack mode ability of the world's top men's basketball center

Technical indicators: fast break, rush attack, attack position, attack free throw.

Times (%) 9 (4.8) 20 (10) 6 (3.2)128 (68.4) 24 (12.4)

Success number (%) 7 (8.8) 8 (10.1) 3 (3.7) 42 (53)19 (24).

Number of fouls caused (%) 0 42 26 0

As can be seen from Table 4, the excellent men's basketball center quickly captured 4.8, with a success rate of 8.8%. It captured 1 0 and the success rate was 10. 1%. Joint attack accounted for 3.2, the success rate was 3.7%, positional attack accounted for 68.4%, and the success rate was 68.4%. At the same time, there are many fouls on the other side. Therefore, according to the data, position attack is the main form of center player's attack, accounting for the highest proportion. With the development of contemporary basketball, center players also play an important role in other offensive forms. The data shows that the contemporary high-level center is developing into a comprehensive type, which can participate in fast attack and rush attack, especially in the attack of the connecting section, and can react quickly and actively, forming a variety of threats. It is generally believed that if it is high, it will be slow; If you are fast, you will be relatively short. Like bear's paw and fish, they can't have both. The requirement of high center in basketball just breaks this concept. NBA center represents the characteristics of modern basketball center: tall, strong, flexible, accurate, witty and active. Each team has a high center, and the height and weight are similar, depending on the technical level of the body. According to the current situation of China Men's Basketball Team, we have a 2. 16M NBA All-Star Center, which has a top advantage. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the training time and quality of position attack. Free throws are also the main scoring method of the center. Because the strong center does not hesitate to use foul tactics to stop the attack when attacking at the basket, the opponent will provide more free throw opportunities for the center after the foul.

3.5 Analysis of Position Attack of World Excellent Center in Physical Confrontation

Statistics of position attack in the physical confrontation of the top three men's basketball centers in Athens Olympic Games.

Technical indicators, the basic cooperation of individual attack

Times (%) 62 (48.4) 66 (5 1.6)

Success times (%)17 (27.4) 22 (31.8)

Number of fouls (%) 15 (24.2) 9 (13.6)

As can be seen from Table 5, in the position attack, the individual attack accounts for 48.4%, and the basic cooperation of two or three people accounts for 51.60/o. The success rates are 27.4%, 3 1.8%, and the foul rates are 24.2% and 13.6% respectively. It can be seen that the success rate of basic cooperation between two or three people is higher than that of personal strategy. After all, the basketball game is a team event. Only reasonable cooperation can make beautiful games, and also make players play easily, comfortably and laborsaving, which is conducive to better play. Center players have strong personal offensive ability, so they should cooperate with each other on the basis of playing two or three centers, which leads to the situation of playing more and playing less, and also creates good shooting opportunities for themselves, because the shooting percentage of defenders is higher than that of defenders. Therefore, while mastering individual singles skills, center players should pay more attention to cultivating flexible playing awareness and team spirit. Especially the core players in the team, mastering personal skills is to be able to undertake the main scoring task of the team and come forward at critical times, and cultivating flexible basketball consciousness can revitalize the team, stimulate the team's motivation, and also play the role of spiritual leader.

3.6 Analysis on the Basic Coordination of Position Attack of World Excellent Centers in Physical Confrontation

Table 6 Statistics of basic coordination of position attack in physical confrontation of world elite centers

Coverage, Segmentation and Countermeasures of Technical Indicators

Times (%)13.6 (22.2) 25 (40) 8 (12)15 (24)

Success times (%) 8 (19)18 (43) 6 (14) 9 (22)

Number of fouls (%) 4 (26.5)16 (50) 4 (12.5) 8 (11.5)

From the basic cooperation of position attack in Table 6, the combination of two or three players with center as the core takes the first place, accounting for 40K, with a success rate of 43%, and the resulting foul rate is 26.5%, followed by the cooperation rate of 24%, the success rate of 22%, and the foul rate of 1 1.5%, accounting for 22.2%. Secondly, the center pulls out, holds the ball at a high position, attracts defense, creates a gap in the three-second zone, and provides opportunities for peers to cut in or shoot in the gap. After all, basketball is a team sport. No matter how strong a center player is, he needs the cooperation and help of his peers. Xi' can create more opportunities for teammates and lay the foundation for their own offensive opportunities. As can be seen from the data, the basic cooperation in position attack is mainly the combination of passing and cutting and the cover cooperation of the center, and the success rate is high, which also reflects that the development of basketball center today is developing in a flexible, accurate and witty direction. And personal ability is becoming more and more comprehensive. From the traditional center who is in charge of attack and defense and rebounding, he has changed to an organized center type to create opportunities for his teammates and complete a perfect attack.

3.7 Analysis of personal attack in the position attack of the world's excellent center in physical confrontation

Personal attack statistics of position attack in physical confrontation of world elite center.

Players' short distance (), middle distance () and long distance ()

Gasol (Spain) 42.8 19 12

O 'Neill (USA) 45.1.171.1

Duncan (USA)

Yao Ming (China) 42 15 0

Brad miller 39 20 18

From Table 7, we can count the personal attacks of excellent center in position attack, with the average close attack accounting for 45.02%, China Investment Corporation accounting for 15.8% and long shot accounting for 8.62%. And from the data point of view, China center Yao Ming and the world's top center are almost the same in the near attack, on a horizontal line. The representative center of the United States shows more close attack and middle attack, and the shooting percentage is also higher. In addition, the input of European center players accounts for 49.3%, and the input of long-range shots also reaches 69K//, which shows that the activities of European players are wider and more comprehensive. Therefore, it can be explained that with the fierce fighting of offensive and defensive confrontation, center players are always in the heart of the most intense competition and frequent activities on the field. Therefore, if the center player only has a single offensive means, he is relatively more vulnerable to defensive restrictions and consumes more physical strength. For example, O 'Neill, the top center in NBA, has the physical condition of a big MAC, but lacks the skill of shooting in the middle distance. Even free throws are fatal, and opponents can double-team to limit his play. On the other hand, if O 'Neill can have the feel and shooting stability of China famous center Yao Ming, then his range of activities, attack points and threats will be greatly increased. Therefore, cultivating the overall skills and quality of the center is the key to improve the role of the center.

3.8 Analysis of Attack Methods Used by Center in Close Attack of Athens Olympic Games

Table 8 Statistical table of attack methods adopted by the center in the close attack of Athens Olympic Games

National storm, transportation, congestion, turning shooting, breaking through the hook.

China 5 3 6 0 2 3 19

Lithuania

USA 10 6 7 6 3 6 38

Italy 2 1

Argentina.

As can be seen from Table 8, storming is the most commonly used attack mode for center players at close range, accounting for 25.5% of all attack modes, 22% for turning shooting, 65,438+07% for dribbling, 65,438+07% for catching, 65,438+07% for hooking and 8% for breakthrough. Therefore, the storm is the first choice for the center to attack under the basket, with strong offensive threat and high foul rate. Secondly, center players use hook and turn to shoot more. Usually, after receiving the ball, in the low waist position, when forming a one-on-one situation, the center player has more opportunities to choose singles. At the same time, the breakthrough and transportation are also completed in fierce confrontation. When attacking near the three-second zone, the chances of scoring through singles breakthrough and dribbling are relatively reduced because of the relatively high defense density. Therefore, the difficulty of close attack has high requirements for the center player's explosive power, the stability of turning and shooting, and the coordination ability of small muscle groups, because modern basketball has the characteristics of being tall, flexible, accurate and combining height with speed. Their flexible pace and excellent breakthrough technology pose a great offensive threat. But the breakthrough process of China center Yao Ming reflects the weakness of Yao Ming's strength. In the confrontation with the other side, Yao Ming himself made his own mistakes because his center of gravity suddenly retreated and his center of gravity was unstable. This weakness has become the most obvious problem in Yao Ming.

3.9 Analysis on the Rebound of the Top Eight Center Players of Six Men's Basketball Teams in Athens Olympic Games

Table 9 rebounds of the top eight centers in Athens Olympic Games

National team offensive rebound defensive rebound

Shoot in the air under the interference of make-up basket, then organize a second pass attack, launch a fast break, dribble and pass the ball

Usa 5 18 8 3 3 7

Argentina 4 16 9 2 6 0 8

Lithuania

Italy

Spain

Hesse

China 1 13 3 0 6 0 4

As can be seen from Table 9, among the top eight centers of the men's basketball team in Athens Olympic Games, the number of offensive rebounds was 3 1 Argentina, 34/Italy, 24/China 17. It has been said that those who get rebounds on the field win the world, which shows that rebounding is the focus of competition. According to relevant statistics, the total number of offensive rebounds in the 28th men's basketball quarter-finals was 355, accounting for 70.99%. China's score is 63.77, which shows that our center's ability to compete for rebounds in the world series needs to be improved. As a core player, we need to improve and overcome the opponent's ability to limit ourselves. Looking at the data of the basket in the air, we can see that the foreign center has a fast take-off speed, strong continuous bouncing ability and constant height. They pay more attention to offensive rebounding and shooting. They make up the basket continuously with one hand or use the time difference to hit the ball at last. In contrast, the center of China team is inferior to the other team in terms of body, strength, rushing to make up the basket, re-throwing, etc., and has poor balance and good hand feeling ability under fierce collision. The center's offensive rebound can not only increase the number of attacks and the chances of scoring directly under the basket, but also enhance the team's confidence in shooting. Therefore, the gap in offensive rebounds makes the chances for China to organize the attack and pass the ball attack again obviously less than those of foreign teams. Therefore, we can also see that the rebounding ability of China men's basketball center and the world men's basketball center depends not only on the height and bouncing factors of the players, but also on the awareness of the position. At this Olympic Games, RT; China center Yao Ming has an unparalleled height advantage and should have an absolute advantage in defensive rebounding. However, according to the statistics in Table 9, there is no significant difference between Chinese and foreign centers in grabbing defensive rebounds. In my opinion, the main reason for the insufficient rebounding ability of China men's basketball team is the lack of awareness of active physical contact. When China men's basketball team defended the rebound, the number of active physical contact was 52, accounting for only 38.24% of the total. However, the number of foreign men's basketball centers is 193, accounting for 54.37%. The center of China Men's Basketball Team moves to the basket to grab the backboard after the shooter shoots, instead of actively approaching the attacker and blocking it with his body to seize the favorable position.

4 conclusion

4. 1 shape index is an important index of the center's physical confrontation ability, but the increasingly fierce physical confrontation in today's competition puts forward higher requirements for the center's physical quality.

4.2 At present, the center of the world's top teams actively uses physical confrontation in the shooting process, which has become the main form of center confrontation.

4.3 At present, the world's outstanding center has a wide range of activities, frequent movements, many catching points, strong antagonism and high attack efficiency in the restricted area under the basket.

4.4 At present, the world's outstanding centers are fully developed, with strong ability to participate in attack and various attack methods, but the position attack is the main one? .

4.5 In position attack, the center is mainly composed of two or three people, which is easy to live in the whole team and more efficient than individual attack.

4.6 In the basic cooperation of two or three people, the center mainly focuses on passing and cutting cooperation and drawing cooperation, which poses a great offensive threat and is more efficient. It shows that the center players of the world's top teams have broad vision, quick response, flexibility and accuracy, solid basic skills, good hand feeling, creating opportunities for teammates and strong offensive ability.

4.7 Close attack is the main attack range of the center, which is easy to score and threatening. However, expanding the attack range, improving the attack energy, enhancing the physical confrontation ability of center players in the restricted area and improving the shooting percentage are still the main topics of center training.

4.8 Storm is the most commonly used and effective form of inside attack for a center, with a high success rate. Turn-around shooting, hook and so on are also common technical means of center.

4。 Rebound is the lifeblood of the game. Excellent foreign center not only has a fast start, outstanding bounce and strong continuous bounce, but also has a strong sense of taking the initiative to use his body position and is fierce.