Proper consumption of dietary fiber cellulose is a kind of polysaccharide that cannot be digested and absorbed by human body. Increasing dietary fiber intake in diabetics has the following advantages: 1. High fiber food can reduce postprandial blood sugar, improve glucose tolerance, reduce insulin consumption and reduce blood lipid. 2. It can slow down the hunger of diabetics. 3. It can stimulate the secretion of digestive juice, promote intestinal peristalsis and prevent constipation. The following foods contain a lot of fiber and can be used as foods that diabetics often choose to eat. Such as: mung beans, kelp, buckwheat noodles, corn flour, oat noodles, sorghum rice, spinach, celery, leeks, bean sprouts and so on. It must be noted that although dietary fiber is good for diabetics, it should not be eaten too singly. There is always a limit to everything, and diabetics should pay more attention to nutritional balance. 2) Ideal edible oils, such as corn oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, soybean oil, etc., are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are essential fatty acids for human body, which can help cholesterol move in the body and prevent cholesterol from depositing on the blood vessel wall, so they have a positive effect on preventing some complications of diabetes, such as arteriosclerosis. Therefore, vegetable oil is the best edible oil for diabetic patients. However, vegetable oil can not be eaten in large quantities, and excessive consumption will expose its obvious side effects, such as excessive heat production leading to obesity. Scientists suggest that the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids in the diet is 1: 1-2. 3) Beneficial soybean and its products Soybean is an ideal food for diabetic patients, because its nutrients are beneficial to diabetic patients. 1. Soybean is the source of plant protein, which is not only rich in content, but also of high physiological value. It must have a full range of amino acids, which can be compared with animal food. 2. The fat in soybean contains unsaturated fatty acids, phospholipids and stigmasterol, which is beneficial to lowering blood cholesterol. 3. Half of the carbohydrates in soybean are raffinose and stachyose which can't be absorbed by human body. In addition, soybean is rich in inorganic salts, trace elements and B vitamins. As can be seen from the above, soybeans and their products, such as yuba, shredded bean curd, dried bean curd, bean curd and bean powder, should become common foods for diabetics. 4) Ways to cope with hunger Hunger is a common reaction for diabetics. It is caused by diabetes and will be relieved or disappeared with the improvement of diabetes and the adjustment of patients. The following measures can be taken to deal with the occurrence of hunger: 1. Reduce the intake of flour and rice, and increase some fiber foods, such as buckwheat flour, corn flour, mung beans, kelp and so on. At present, there are some health foods specially for diabetics in the domestic market, such as buckwheat vermicelli and mung bean biscuits, which can be used as dinner when hunger is serious. 2. Eat more low-calorie and high-volume vegetables. Such as tomatoes, spinach, cucumbers, Chinese cabbage, rape, bean sprouts, eggplant, leeks and so on. 3. Use some dietotherapy to add meals. If you are hungry, you can use 250g of white gourd, yam 100g, pig pancreas 1 set (after washing), add appropriate seasoning, and stew in soup. You can also stew pig pancreas with low-calorie foods such as pumpkin, soybean or tofu. Limited to alleviating hunger. 4. Psychological methods. People's food intake is related to their eating habits. Hunger on the basis of not affecting nutrition can be alleviated through a period of patient adaptation. In addition, patients should believe that reducing the amount of food does not necessarily lead to hunger. It is very important for diabetic patients to have a balanced diet, and overeating will undoubtedly bring a burden to the relevant organs and tissues of the body. 5) Choice of sweets Some diabetics love sweets, but most sweets are rich in sugar, which is not good for their condition. So how to solve this thorny contradiction? Try the following: 1. Among many sweeteners, "Stevia rebaudiana" is better for diabetics. Although it contains no nutrients, it does not provide heat energy, and its sweetness is about 400 times that of ordinary sugar, so it can be selected. 2. Saccharin can be eaten as a sweetener occasionally. But pregnant women are forbidden. 3. Sweet fruits such as peaches, pears, pineapples, bayberries and cherries can be eaten in moderation. These fruits contain pectin, which can increase insulin secretion and delay glucose absorption. In addition, watermelon has low carbohydrate content and can also be eaten in moderation. People with diabetes should control their sugar intake, but it is impossible not to touch sugar at all. The daily intake of sugar is generally limited to below 10g. However, the situation of each diabetic is different, and patients should explore their own laws, including the time when blood sugar is the lowest every day. This is the best time to eat some sugary food in moderation. 6) Foods that are most likely to raise blood sugar Among the foods we often see, the following foods are easy to raise blood sugar. Such as: white sugar, rock sugar, brown sugar, glucose, maltose, honey, candied fruit, toffee, chocolate, fruit candy, canned fruit, soda, jam, ice cream, sweet cakes, and various sweet drinks, oral liquids, fruit juices, etc. 7) Foods that raise blood lipids raise blood lipids, which is very unfavorable for diabetes. It is an important cause of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, diabetics should not eat foods that raise blood lipids. Common foods are lard, butter, sheep oil, butter, cream, fat and foods rich in cholesterol. Regarding cholesterol, diabetics should also understand that it has two functions. First, it is an essential substance with important physiological functions, such as the formation of cell membranes. However, excessive intake will have side effects, such as participating in the formation of coronary heart disease. It is generally believed that the intake of cholesterol should be below 300 mg per day. 8) Harm of Drinking Some diabetics think that wine is the essence of the whole grain, and moderate drinking can promote blood circulation and dredge collaterals, keep out the cold and adjust the mind. This should be analyzed according to the specific situation of patients. If the patient's illness is mild, relatives and friends can get together on holidays, and it is best to drink a little wine, beer or other low-alcohol wine; If the condition is unstable, or accompanied by liver or cardiovascular diseases, alcohol should be banned. Because alcohol has the following hazards: 1. Drinking alcohol will increase the burden on the liver. We know that the detoxification of alcohol is mainly carried out in the liver. People with normal liver function have strong detoxification ability and can convert most toxic substances into excretion. However, the liver detoxification ability of diabetic patients is poor, and drinking alcohol will inevitably increase the burden on the liver and cause damage. Excessive drinking is also prone to hyperlipidemia and metabolic disorders. 2. Diabetes is mainly caused by insufficient insulin secretion. Drinking alcohol will stimulate the pancreas and affect the composition of its secretions. 3. Wine itself is a high-calorie food, and each gram of alcohol can produce 7 kilocalories. If the diabetic loses control, it will lead to the deterioration of his condition. 9) The diet should be light and the taste is too heavy, which is not good for people's health. In order to explain this truth, Chinese medicine once explained with the theory of "five elements": if you eat too much sour food, your liver will be strong and your temper will be weak because of the sour taste; Eating too much salty food, because salty taste enters the kidney, and the kidney dominates the bone, which will cause fatigue, muscle contraction and depression; Eating too much sweets will slow down the sweetness, make the heart full of asthma, dull complexion and kidney qi disorder; If you eat too much bitterness, your temper will not be moistened, you will have indigestion and your stomach will be full. If you eat too much spicy food, your muscles will be damaged and relaxed, and your spirit will also be damaged. Therefore, the diet should pay attention to five flavors, not too heavy, which can make the bones strong, the tendons soft, the blood smooth and the texture solid, and the body will be healthy. It is precisely because people find that light food is good for your health that they have long summed up the feeding motto that "light food is most beneficial to people". For diabetic patients, especially those complicated with nephropathy, besides following the general health care requirements, we should also pay attention to eating less sodium salt in our daily diet. 10) Eat slowly. Eating slowly means not overeating, chewing and swallowing. The digestion and chewing of food is the first process. Only when the first process is handled well can food be better digested and absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. There are two disadvantages to eating fast and chewing hard. 1. The food intake of diabetic patients is often estimated, and its effective components should be fully absorbed and utilized. However, different chewing degrees will affect the absorption of nutrients. The experiment shows that coarse chewers absorb less protein 13%, fat 12% and cellulose 43% than fine chewers. This shows the importance of chewing slowly. 2. Rough chewing and swallowing will increase the burden on the stomach, pancreas and other organs, which will easily lead to some diseases over time. The ancients have long known that eating slowly: "Chewing slowly is good for people. 3. Chewing slowly to cover up the essence of eating can nourish the five internal organs. Spleen and stomach are easy to digest, secondly; Do not cough, three also. " This summary is quite reasonable, especially for diabetics. 1 1) The diet should be warm. The diet temperature of diabetics should be moderate, and overheating or supercooling will cause adverse reactions. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, people's spleen and stomach have a characteristic that they like warm and are afraid of cold, so it is not advisable to eat more raw and cold food. As early as the medical classic Huangdi Neijing, there is a scientific diet law that the diet should be warm: "A dieter has no burning, no cold, moderate cold and temperature, and will hold his breath, but he will not deviate from his religion." It means: the temperature of hot food should not be too high, and the temperature of cold food should not be too low. If we eat at a moderate temperature, the healthy qi of the human body will not be damaged, and evil spirits will not take advantage of it. In this way, the body will be at peace.