There is a couplet in Wenjunjing, Qionglai, Sichuan:
You can't see the rich prince and grandson, but Huo Zhi added a few lines of incense history to his biography; Stop to pick up the past, ask where the beauty is fragrant, and leave the sunset in the broken well; The cliff knows that it is hard to meet; The most pitiful, Qing Xiang, bald, resentment.
I am also tired of Sima's travel and how much leisure I have caused on the road in Lin Qiong; Leaning against the wine railing, sighing about the romantic life of celebrities in those days, and eliminating the autumn rain in Maolin; Since ancient times, poets should beware of prosperity; Let's not talk about selling Fu and Guan Chan's suicide note.
This couplet eulogizes the love between Zhuo Wenjun and Sima Xiangru. Women often put love first, followed by life, wealth and affection, and the rest are too far away to care. Zhuo Wenjun's night tour of Sima Xiangru is an obvious example.
Zhuo Jia's ancestors lived in Zhao, and Handan of Zhao was a famous iron smelting center at that time. Zhuojia became rich by smelting iron until Qin Shihuang destroyed Zhao's reunification. Zhuo's family moved to a remote town in the middle of Shu, where they settled down and still made ironware. In the Han Dynasty, Zhuojia spread to the generation of Zhuowangsun. Because of social stability and proper management, Zhuojia became a rich man with thousands of hectares of fertile land. Huatang Qiyuan, a high-speed car; As for gold and silver jewelry and antiques, they are even more numerous.
Sima Xiangru is one of the outstanding literati in the middle of Shu.
Sima Xiangru (formerly 179- formerly 1 17) was born in Chengdu, Shu County (now Chengdu, Sichuan Province). The writer of the Western Han Dynasty, formerly known as Gouzi, was renamed Xiangru because he admired Lin Xiangru, a Warring States man, and was determined to be a national event. Shortly after Han Jing acceded to the throne, Sima Xiangru came to Chang 'an and met a bookish Liang Wang. At that time, Zou Yang, Mei Cheng, Yan Jidao and other famous poets followed. Sima Xiangru adored him so much that he followed Liang Wang. As a composer and pianist, I live a very proud life in Liangdi. Liang Wang praised his talent and gave him a piano named "Luqi" with the words "boy's essence" engraved on it, which was a rare and precious musical instrument at that time. This piano was later used by Sima Xiangru to play "Phoenix Seeking Phoenix", and Zhuo Wenjun ran away in the evening after listening to it. The so-called "green love" makes this piano more legendary.
When she eloped with Zhuo Wenjun, Sima Xiangru's life was not a collection of elegant piano books, poems and songs, and boundless romance. Due to the short-lived death of Liang Wang, the guests were scattered, and Sima Xiangru returned to his hometown of Chengdu, where his parents died and his family was ruined. Unable to stand on his own two feet, he came to Lin Qiong, a small border town, with confused hopes, and took refuge in Wang Ji, a good friend of the county magistrate, to help him. According to Records of Historical Records and Biography of Sima Xiangru, another official who was in Shu returned to Shu and was invited by his good friend (now Qionglai, Sichuan) to visit Wang Ji.
Zhuo Wenjun, the daughter of Zhuo Wangsun, the richest man in the local area, has a distant eyebrow and a hibiscus face. She is both talented and beautiful, and she is proficient in piano, chess, calligraphy and painting. When Wen Jun was seventeen, he promised to marry Dou Jia, but his husband died before he was hired, and he became a widow. Young people in Wen Jun are widows. Naturally, I feel hurt and sad at the moon and spring flowers.
On one occasion, Zhuo Wangsun held a grand banquet for hundreds of people. Zhuo Wangsun admired Sima Xiangru's reputation and invited him as a distinguished guest. The host is very diligent, and everyone is a little drunk. During the dinner, Wang Ji introduced Sima Xiangru's piano level. Xiang Ru was invited to play two songs in public, one of which was the famous "Phoenix Begging for Phoenix". He wants to pour out his inner music through the piano sound, so as to arouse Wen Jun and express his admiration:
Phoenix phoenix phoenix phoenix phoenix phoenix phoenix phoenix phoenix phoenix phoenix phoenix.
I realized this when I didn't meet anything. Open the museum!
There are beautiful women in the boudoir, and the people in the room are poisoning my intestines.
Why do you want to be a mandarin duck and fly?
Burning, burning, burning, burning, burning, burning, burning, burning, burning, burning, burning.
Who knows in the middle of the night?
My wings fly high, and I feel sad when I think about them.
Zhuo Wenjun, a beautiful and versatile woman, listened to Sima Xiangru's piano behind the screen. A song "Phoenix Begging for Phoenix" touched her heart of being unwilling to feudal ethics and being a widow for life. "Wen Jun secretly peeked at it from the door. He was very happy. He was worried that he would not be allowed. After all, Xiang Ru made people pay attention to the waiters in Wen Jun again. Died at night, they ran like each other and liked each other, but he and Chi returned to Chengdu. So he married his wife and left this well-known story.
That was when Sima Xiangru was very frustrated and down-and-out. Zhuo Wenjun took Sima Xiangru to play a song "Phoenix Begging for Phoenix" in her house, and eloped to a guest house in Sima Xiangru in the dead of night, in a society with strict etiquette in feudal times. Even the next day, both of them simply returned to their hometown in Sima Xiangru, Chengdu. Chengdu can be said to have a special liking, or it is unreasonable to say that love is a thing.
On this matter, Zhuo Wangsun is naturally furious. I think Sima Xiangru is a disgrace. His precious daughter is so disappointing. She eloped in the dead of night, which ruined the family style and made him lose face. More importantly, Sima Xiangru is a poor man.
After returning to Chengdu, Wen Jun pawned his headdress because of the embarrassment of life. Sima Xiangru's lofty sentiments continue unabated, leading a happy life with today and no tomorrow. Zhuo Wenjun also exchanged food for food, and he didn't care about his future livelihood at all.
A few months later, they simply sold their horses and chariots and returned to Lin Qiong to open a small restaurant. Zhuo Wenjun, dressed in plain clothes, is modest and comfortable. For the sake of everlasting love, Sima Xiangru did not play the violin, but put on leg-plate-nose pants, worked with servants, washed dishes in the city, served as a waiter, washed dishes in pots and pans, and did chores, laughing and laughing. In this way, although life is a bit bitter, they are happy and not tired of the world!
This is a big news in Lin Qiong City, which immediately caused a sensation far and near. The small hotel was crowded and very lively. The news reached Zhuo's father, Sun Er, who felt that if he had a daughter, he was really sorry for his face. Plus, he couldn't stand the persuasion of relatives and friends, so he compromised and had to give them 100 children and servants, 1 million dollars, and prepared a dowry, which was accepted by his son-in-law who cooked uncooked rice. From then on, the young couple lived a leisurely life of drinking and playing the piano all day.
Some people say that this is Sima Xiangru's "shameless" style, forcing his face-saving father-in-law to submit. This also shows that Sima Xiangru is not as poor as ordinary literati, and he has great self-esteem. This may be an important reason why Zhuo Wenjun loves him deeply.
After Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu ascended the throne. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty appreciated and co-wrote Zi Xufu and worshipped him as a lang. So Sima Xiangru came to the capital again, so it was difficult for them to be together. As the Queen of Lang, she is often timid, evasive and light, and does not actively strive for positions. He is just a long-term assistant of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. In the third year of Jianyuan (BC 138), Emperor Wu changed his clothes and marched and hunted in Shanglinyuan, southwest of Chang 'an. On one occasion, Sima Xiangru went hunting in Changyang Palace with Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and he tried his best to write an article "On the Forest" praising the grand occasion of hunting by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. All mountains and rivers are magnificent, flowers and plants are numerous and beautiful, chariots and horses are magnificent, and retinue is strong. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was overjoyed and worshipped Sima Xiangru as a Langguan.
At this time, he was full of ambition in Chang 'an, while Zhuo Wenjun was alone in Chengdu, waiting for her husband Yi to return. Over time, he had a feeling of "suddenly seeing the willow color and regretting teaching his husband to find a title".
With a brilliant pen of flowers and an essay, Sima Xiangru expounded his view of justice and benefit, and rewarded him with eliminating the unstable situation in Bashu. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was overjoyed, once again worshipped him as a corps commander, and held a sacrifice to the southwest frontier to comfort the barbarians. So, with banners and decorations, he angrily returned to Chengdu. After meeting Zhuo Wenjun, we headed southwest. Of course, we must visit all parts of Lin Qiong. Local officials greeted each other and the people cheered. Zhuo Wangsun is naturally very glorious and insists on keeping this son-in-law and his baby daughter for a few days. Compared with the poverty of that year, it is natural for you to sell wine for a while.
After Sima Xiangru's persuasion and metaphor, all foreigners in Southwest China obeyed. It stands to reason that Sima Xiangru's contribution to the Han Dynasty should be rewarded. However, because he was trapped in the scholar's opinion, he wrote a letter to stop the hunting of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. More ironically, he persuaded him to quit, which hindered the interest of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and only gave him a lofty and idle official position.
Later, Sima Xiangru gradually emerged and wanted to marry a concubine. According to Miscellanies of Xijing, "Sima Xiangru will hire a Maoling woman as his concubine, and Zhuo Wenjun will commit suicide by writing Poems on the White Head, so as to stop each other". But textual research scholars say this poem is a folk work.
Attachment: Two Qin Ge (Han) Sima Xiangru.
one
Feng Feng returned to his hometown and traveled around the world looking for his emperor.
I didn't know what to do when I didn't meet Xi. Why don't I go to Sishang today?
There are beautiful women in the boudoir, and the people in the room are poisoning my intestines.
Why do you want to be a mandarin duck, and it is soaring!
Emperor Xi Xi lives with me. He must be a princess forever.
Who knows in the middle of the night?
My wings fly high, and I feel sad when I think about them.
Secondly,
If there are beautiful women, don't forget them.
I want to go crazy if I can't see you for a day.
The wind is flying, and the four seas are looking for burning.
Helpless beauty, not in the east wall.
Use character strings instead of words, trying to speak your mind.
I can't fly, which makes me fall.
This song expresses the infinite admiration and ardent pursuit of Wen Jun. In the specific background of this poem, comparing Xiang Ru to a phoenix means more than Wen Jun being an emperor (phoenix).
First, the phoenix is a legendary bird. The male bird is called the phoenix, and the female bird is called the phoenix. The ancients called forest, phoenix, turtle and dragon the "four spirits" of heaven and earth, and phoenix was the king of birds. "Dai Liyi's real name" says: "The feather worm is 360, and the phoenix is the longest. 」
Evergreen admired Lin Xiangru's talent from an early age and changed her name to Xiangru, which was already famous in the literary world at that time. Wen Jun is also talented and outstanding in appearance. She is not an idle woman. So that place is Phoenix, which means heroic and pretentious. "Traveling around the world" strengthens a layer of implication, which not only closely follows the myth and legend that Phoenix "started in the country of oriental gentlemen, flew across the four seas, crossed Kunlun Mountain, drank the mainstay, weakened its feathers and stayed in the wind cave at dusk" (Guo Pu's note "Erya" cited the sky as the old cloud), but also metaphors a similar official travel experience: he once traveled to the capital and was appointed as a warrior knight by Jingdi. Recruiting scribes in Liang Xiaowang is like "living with other students for several years". Later, it was because of the death of Liang Wang that he "returned to his hometown". Explain that "good birds choose wood to live." 」
Secondly, the ancients often used "Feng Huang Yu Fei" and "chorus of husband and wife" to describe the harmony between husband and wife. For example, "Twenty-two Years of Zuo Zhuan and Zhuang Gong": "At the beginning, I was the wife of a foreigner. His wife said that Ji means Feng Huang Yu Fei, harmonious and sonorous. " It's like a phoenix courting Wen Jun here. "Traveling around the world" means that good couples are rare.
Third, Phoenix is related to music. Such as "Shangshu Yiji": "90% of Xiao Shao, the phoenix comes to the instrument." The Legend of the Immortal also contains: Nong Yu, a maid of worship, and her husband Shaw History play the flute, and the Phoenix comes to stop at their house, and the Mu Palace is a phoenix terrace. Later, Nong Yu and his wife both left Phoenix. Therefore, Li He tasted the beauty of the music of "The phoenix cries when the jade is broken in Kunshan" ("The Songs of Yu Liping"). Wen Jun's elegant music, just like "seeking the emperor" with the sound of the piano, only uses the heart of the piano as a metaphor to find a bosom friend, which reminds people of the music exchange between Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi, thus giving a sigh that a bosom friend is hard to find.
The second song is bolder and more intense, secretly dating Wen Jun in the middle of the night and eloping together. "Breeding tail" refers to the mating of male and female birds and animals. Yao Dian in Shangshu: "Analyze people, birds and beasts breed their tails." Chuan says, "Emulsification is the fruit, and handover is the end." "Princess", spouse. Said: "Princess, Ma Ye. "Friendship and understanding", exchange and communicate feelings, that is, congeniality. Midnight, that is, midnight. The first two sentences call for Wen Jun to have a quiet marriage, while the third and fourth sentences imply that they love each other and elope overnight, and no one will know. Five or six sentences show that you are far away, reminding each other not to let me down, and feeling sorry for homesickness in vain. Gai Xiangru had already bought off the secret love of Wen Jun's handmaid in advance, and had known about Wen Jun's widowed psychological state and love ideal. Now he has made a careful choice, so he dares to be so bold.
The reason why these two Qin Ge poems won the admiration of later generations lies in the strong anti-feudal thoughts expressed in Looking for Phoenix. For example, Wen Jun boldly broke through the snare of feudal ethics and patriarchal clan system, saying, "Without waiting for parents' orders and matchmakers' words, you will fall in love at first sight and climb over the wall with each other, then your parents and people will be mean." ("Mencius Teng Wengong") What "women have the meaning of three obedience, and there is no special way." ("Rites and Funerals") What do you mean, "The husband has the intention of remarrying, and the woman is not suitable. (Ban Zhao's Women's Commandment) Such as "Men and women ... don't meet each other without money" (Book of Rites) and "caring for each other" were trampled on by Xiang Ru's bold elopement with Wen Jun, and became a banner for young men and women in later generations to strive for marriage autonomy and love freedom. Let's look at the influence of the power of example on later literature: In the West Chamber, Zhang performed "Phoenix Begging for Phoenix" through the wall, saying, "I didn't get this song in the past, though it was not as good as mine. I hope Miss Zhang will understand. In The Wall Immediately, Li Qianjin defends her elopement with Wen Jun in front of her father-in-law; Pan Bizheng also incited Chen Miaochang and Qin Xin to combine privately in the Jade Hairpin. Qin Xin Ji directly put the story of Wen Jun on the stage ... which shows that Huang has a far-reaching anti-feudal influence.
In art, these two Qin Ge poems with the theme of "Seeking Phoenix" not only contain passionate courtship, but also symbolize the extraordinary ideal, lofty purport and tacit understanding between the hero and heroine. The whole poem is simple and profound, with bright syllables and passionate feelings.