Ginseng has a history of hundreds of years, but due to unreasonable development of human beings, deterioration of natural conditions and large-scale use of pesticides, the traditional ginseng has already faced extinction. Cultivated ginseng is a new variety which has been optimized, purified and propagated asexually from traditional ginseng by Shandong Yuncheng Lvsiyuan Ecological Agriculture Planting Cooperative for many years. It has the characteristics of high yield, good taste, strong growth, pest resistance and strong adaptability.
Ginseng can cook, make soup, rinse pot, fry, pickle and stew meat; Edible drugs: Chinese medicine records the effects of lowering blood fat, dredging nine orifices, benefiting joints and nourishing qi and blood. Song. "Jiayou Materia Medica" contains: It is good for lying-in women to eat vegetables. "Chinese Materia Medica" introduces in detail that ginseng can not only be eaten as a vegetable, but also be used as medicine after drying, and its function is equivalent to that of Cordyceps sinensis. Can be used for brewing wine and making tea for health care. Modern medical research shows that Radix Scrophulariae is rich in mineral elements, vitamins, β -carotene and 18 amino acids. It also contains a variety of nutrients such as lycopodium, galactose, tannic acid and phenols. It can not only provide abundant energy for human body, but also has high health care function. Among them, the content of calcium is four times that of milk (397mg per 100 grams of raw land), which can be called high calcium tablets in plants. In addition, stachyose extracted from Scrophularia ningpoensis is called the best health care product in 2 1 century by the World Health Organization, which can increase the number of bifidobacteria in the body, significantly regulate gastrointestinal function, promote blood circulation and promote diuresis, and have a significant effect on reducing and stabilizing blood sugar, blood lipid and blood pressure. In addition, ginseng also has the ecological effects of greening, beautifying, soil and water conservation, windbreak and sand fixation. As a characteristic ecological resource of desertification control in western China, it has a strong demonstration. In landscaping, you can decorate the garden, intercrop under the forest and purify the water source; It can be planted in "farmhouses" and agricultural sightseeing parks for tourists to explore, which not only cultivates sentiment, but also increases income. Ginseng, as a multi-purpose plant, is known as a plant treasure and has high development value. I hope it can enter the dining table of ordinary people's homes as soon as possible.
Rehmannia glutinosa is a multi-purpose health-care plant variety, which is full of treasures. The stems and leaves on the ground can be used as vegetables or tea. How many crops can be harvested a year; The underground part is the core of the plant, which is the protagonist ginseng introduced in this paper. Codonopsis pilosula, as a vegetable, is suitable for the public. Today, when healthy diet is advocated, Codonopsis pilosula, as an original ecological and pure green health-care vegetable, has been deeply loved by consumers. At present, Codonopsis pilosula is used as a signature dish in many places to attract customers, and the market price is naturally high. Recently, the retail price of fresh products in the high-end market can reach one catty in 40 yuan. Ginseng, like Cordyceps sinensis, has similar nutritional components, good appearance and selling point, obvious nutritional and health care functions, is deeply loved by many people, has a large market share and is well received by consumers.
With the expansion of planting area and the increase of output, ginseng food processing plants have emerged, which constitutes the industrialization system of ginseng. At present, Rehmannia glutinosa has been processed into dried products, tablets, brewing powder, tea, capsules, etc., with great potential for deep processing and promising market prospects.
The preliminary drying process of Rehmannia glutinosa after harvesting is as follows:
Fresh Rehmannia glutinosa-→ Cleaning-→ Selecting-→ Soaking-→ Filtering-→ Cooking-→ Drying-→ Dried products (for collection).
The food processing factory processes the ingredients into nutritious food through curing and finishing, and the basic technological process is as follows:
Raw materials of dried ginseng-grading to remove the bad-batching-cooking-drying-crushing-bagging and sealing-re-inspection, outsourcing decoration and labeling-finished products.
Ginseng has strong adaptability, strong stress resistance, cold resistance, drought resistance, barren tolerance, not affected by climate and soil, and does not compete with food crops for land. Wide adaptability and can be planted all over the country. Farming dry land and "four barren" plots can be used for planting. Such as farmland, courtyards, rivers, etc. It can also be intercropped with economic forest and fruit, and it is a pioneer crop in undergrowth planting mode. Stichopus japonicus is propagated by rhizome, which can be planted in March-July in the north and used in all seasons in the south. Both flat cultivation and ridging cultivation can be used. Apply 3~5m2 farmyard manure, 50kg high-quality calcium superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and plough deeply and rake finely. According to the calculation of row spacing of 50cm, plant spacing of 40cm and depth of 8cm, about 3000 ginseng seeds are needed for 667m2, and they will emerge in 10 day after planting. Loosen the soil and weed in time at seedling stage. Topdressing once when the seedling height is 10cm, and watering in time in case of drought during the growth process. I planted it for many years and found no disease. Harvest in late autumn, 667m2 can produce 2000kg fresh ginseng. The planting and harvesting seasons are staggered with the busy seasons of agricultural "spring ploughing" and "Sanqiu". The whole process from planting to harvesting only takes about 10 man-days every 667m2. Generally, there is no need for fertilization and pesticide control during the growing period, and it can be harvested continuously for many years once planted. According to the current market price, the output value per 667 is 2000kg×20 yuan /kg. The income per mu of ginseng is about 40 thousand yuan, and the input cost is about 2000 yuan. (including seedlings, manpower and fertilizer). If it is used as a provenance, the income will be higher. 2000kg×4 yuan /kg= 8000 yuan after popularization in the future. Generally, there is no need for fertilization and pesticides in the growing period, and one planting can harvest for many years, which is a way to get rid of poverty and become rich in rural areas.
The above-ground part is dried and sold as Chinese medicine, and only the stem and leaf income exceeds that of planting corn and wheat. If we establish a green food processing factory, develop high-quality packaging products and broaden sales channels, the benefits will be even more impressive.
Ginseng, as an original ecological green food with high protein and nutrition, is a model for the development and utilization of agricultural biological resources and a leader among agricultural cash crops. Make full use of agricultural dry land and "three wastes" and vigorously develop ginseng cultivation. With the popularization of pollution-free vegetables, the demand for high-quality vegetable varieties is increasing. Glehnia littoralis is easy to grow, does not need to be applied in the whole growth period, has good palatability, obvious health care function, wide consumer groups, wide uses and great market demand, and is easy to reach the standard of organic food. In addition, it has the advantages of low investment, high benefit and flexible production scale, which is suitable for large-scale planting and has a very good prospect.