First, the essay questions
1. Talk about your understanding of the connotation and essence of quality education in combination with reality.
A: (1) With regard to the concept of quality education, quality education is the basic quality or condition for individuals to engage in certain activities successfully on the basis of innate education and training under the influence of acquired environment.
⑵ The concept of quality education refers to the educational and ideological education activities with the fundamental purpose of developing students' various qualities in school education.
(3) The content of quality education consists of the following six points: (1) Political quality education mainly refers to the education of feelings and attitudes towards the nation, class, political party, state, political power, social system and international relations. At present, it is mainly the education of the four cardinal principles. (2) Ideological quality education refers to the education of basic world outlook and thinking methods, including ideological beliefs, belief pursuit, ideal motivation, national spirit, outlook on life and values. (3) Moral quality education refers to the good qualities that individuals possess to correctly handle the relationship between individuals and between individuals and others. Moral quality education is to educate students to develop good moral cultivation, behavior habits, moral sentiment, moral thinking ability, judgment ability, sense of responsibility, dedication and freedom and self-discipline. ④ Scientific and cultural quality education refers to the education of basic scientific and cultural knowledge, aesthetic quality and labor skills. Scientific and cultural quality education is the foundation and core of quality education. ⑤ Physical quality education refers to educating individuals to ensure the normal development of physiological functions and master the scientific methods of physical exercise and health care common sense. ⑥ Psychological quality education refers to the education of cultivating students' good individual psychological quality, adjusting students' psychological state, solving students' psychological contradictions and enhancing students' self-balance ability.
(4) The essence of implementing quality education in China is to ensure that all kinds of education at all levels, especially basic education, "fully implement the Party's educational policy and comprehensively improve the quality of education". That is, the foundation can give students the most basic and basic qualities for future development, and these qualities can become the potential and conditions for their further development. Comprehensive, including comprehensive education, avoiding selecting talents for education; The content of human development should be comprehensive, rather than unilaterally developing students' ability to take exams. Development means paying attention to students' vivid, lively and active development and cultivating qualified talents with characteristics.
2. What are the manifestations of students' non-intelligence factors? How to cultivate students' non-intelligence factors?
A: The differences in students' intelligence factors are mainly manifested in the following aspects:
Non-intelligence factors are manifested in emotion, will, interest, personality, needs, motivation, goals, aspirations, beliefs, world outlook and so on, and have no direct relationship with cognition.
Cultivate students' non-intelligence factors from the following aspects.
(1) interest cultivation
Using direct interest to cultivate indirect interest is an effective way to cultivate students' interest. Guide students' interest in many ways. Only by cultivating a wide range of interests and letting students master all kinds of knowledge can they effectively develop their intelligence. Then the persistence of students' interest is a necessary condition for mastering knowledge and developing intelligence. Only by cultivating children's interest in learning can we accumulate knowledge and promote intellectual development. Interest is divided into negative interest and positive interest. Negative interest is an obstacle to learning and will corrode students' will. Positive interest is a favorable factor to promote children's diligence and healthy growth.
(2) the cultivation of good mood
Emotion is based on needs. When needs are met, happy emotions will be generated, and negative emotional depression will cause mental illness. Emotion is always accompanied by knowledge. Only when we have a deeper understanding of something can we have deeper feelings. On the basis of learning knowledge, cultivate corresponding feelings of love and hate, love and evil, and eliminate negative emotions and their reactions. Adults' emotions have a great influence on children. Adults should influence children with healthy and positive emotions and eliminate the corrosion of negative emotions to children.
(3) the cultivation of will
Only by establishing correct learning objectives can we make continuous progress. People do everything for a certain purpose, which is the reason. In order to achieve their goals, they choose methods and means. Active activity is called motivation, which is the internal motivation of human activities. The length of goals has different effects on children. If the goal is long-term, the motivation will be great, if the goal is short-term, the motivation will be small.
Teach children to master the methods of self-exercise and set an example for them.
(4) Pay attention to the cultivation of children's character.
A strong personality can promote the development of ability. Einstein said: "excellent personality and iron will are more important than wisdom and erudition." The maturity of intelligence depends largely on personality, and personality is often beyond people's usual understanding. "
Because personality affects other parts of personality, it is necessary to change the negative part of temperament and consolidate and develop the positive components. As the saying goes, "Diligence can make up for mistakes", and it is said that diligence can make up for wisdom. A good personality is of positive significance to society, which makes people progress and work hard.
Second, the case analysis
Case 1:
Reader Ms. Xue reflected that 10-year-old son Xiao Lei (a pseudonym) had been transferred to another school for less than a semester, and seemed to be a different person from the past. In the past, Xiao Lei was scolded by his teacher because he likes to play tricks. As a result, he was scared when he saw the teacher and had to transfer. Shortly after arriving at the new school, Xiao Lei couldn't help playing tricks in class and was found by the teacher. The new teacher didn't say anything, just patted him on the back with a smile and went on with the class. In the future, whenever a new teacher walks past Xiao Lei, if Xiao Lei doesn't make any small moves, the teacher will smile and nod his head in agreement. Soon, Xiao Lei got rid of his bad habits and fell in love with learning, which greatly increased his self-confidence.
Question: Please analyze this case and look at the new teacher's educational wit with the students who have problems. Please analyze the characteristics of primary school students' physical and mental development.
A: The height and weight of primary school students are between two growth peaks, which is a relatively stable development period. Their intentional attention has begun to develop, but unintentional attention is still dominant. Their attention is unstable and persistent, and the characteristics of primary school students' emotional instability and poor control are also prominent, especially in the lower grades of primary school, they still evaluate themselves according to the requirements of others. These are the physical and mental development characteristics of primary school students.
The new teacher realized this correctly and used this feature wisely to guide Xiao Lei, which corrected him without hurting his self-esteem. Teachers must pay attention to cultivating children's emotions while imparting knowledge, which is more important and urgent for children's healthy growth.
Case 2:
/kloc-at the end of 0/9, there was a bad boy in the western United States. He threw stones at his neighbor's window, put the dead rabbit in a bucket and barbecued it in the school stove, which smelled bad everywhere. At the age of 9, my father married his stepmother. His father said to his stepmother, "You should pay attention to the children. He is the worst in our place, which makes me hard to prevent and has a headache. " The stepmother walked into the child curiously, got a comprehensive understanding of the child's situation and said to her husband, "You are wrong, dear, he is not the worst child, but the smartest child, but we haven't found a place to give full play to his intelligence." The stepmother is very envious of the child. Under his correct guidance, the child quickly embarked on the right path and later became a famous American entrepreneur and thinker. This is Dale. Carnegie.
Question: How to understand "bad boy" and "poor student"? What inspiration do you get from this story?
A: The so-called poor students refer to those who fail to meet the requirements of basic education and have a poor or unbalanced overall development level. All students can be educated, and no student is born unwilling to learn well. Only teachers who can't teach students well have never taught children badly.
The power of education is enormous. From this story, we can know: 1, treat them equally and fairly, respect, understand and trust them, and let them take the initiative to receive education. 2, split into two, find out the starting point of education. It is not difficult to give noble education and love to poor students, and it is entirely possible to make them the pillars of the country.
"Pedagogy" formative assessment book homework 2 answers
Thesis problem
1, discuss the law of the unity of mastering knowledge and developing intelligence.
A: The relationship between imparting knowledge and developing intelligence has caused extensive debate in history. Entity education school believes that the main task of teaching is to impart useful knowledge to real life. The formal education school believes that the main task of teaching is to train students' thinking forms. There is only one way to impart knowledge in teaching, aiming at training students' thinking. In fact, the two are not opposed to each other, but promote and complement each other in the teaching process. The development of intelligence depends on mastering knowledge. The mastery of knowledge depends on the development of intelligence. ⑶ Knowledge is not equal to intelligence, so we should avoid simply grasping knowledge teaching or paying attention to the one-sidedness of intellectual development. Teachers should let students master knowledge and develop students' intelligence in teaching. The best way is to do both.
2. How to implement the principle of combining teachers' leading with students' consciousness?
A: The principle of combining teachers' leading with students' consciousness means that teachers should not only play a leading role in teaching, but also fully mobilize students' learning enthusiasm, guide students to think independently, actively explore and actively acquire knowledge, and enhance students' ability to analyze and solve problems independently.
This principle embodies the teaching law of combining teachers' leading and mobilizing students' enthusiasm. On the one hand, students are the main body of knowledge, and only by stimulating students' consciousness and initiative can we finally achieve the teaching purpose; On the other hand, students' cognitive activities are carried out under the guidance of teachers. Without the guidance of teachers, students' cognition cannot achieve the best effect.
The basic requirements for implementing this principle are:
(1) Stimulate students' curiosity and arouse their enthusiasm for learning.
Stimulating curiosity is the primary problem of inspiration.
(2) On the basis of stimulating learning desire, we should pay attention to guiding students to use their hands and brains, and cultivate students' logical thinking ability and practical operation ability.
Enlightenment should not only guide students to think, but also guide students to practice, and inspire students to creatively apply what they have learned to practice, so as to cultivate students' practical operation ability and problem-solving ability.
(3) Create a democratic teaching environment.
Teachers should establish a democratic and equal teacher-student relationship and a democratic and harmonious teaching atmosphere, encourage students to express different opinions and boldly ask teachers questions.
Case 1:
A student in class pointed out that the teacher's explanation of a question was wrong, and the teacher was angry at that time: "So-and-so, you are good, the teacher is not as good as you, and the teacher's class will be better from now on!" "The whole class laughed at the student with the teacher. Since then, the student can't find any questions in class and can't take the initiative to answer them.
Question: From this example, please comment on what is wrong with the teacher's practice and which teaching principle this behavior violates?
A: The teacher killed the student who asked the question with a stick and gave up, which seriously dampened the students' enthusiasm for learning. This behavior violates the principle of "combining teachers' leading with students' consciousness", especially "creating a democratic teaching environment". Democratic teaching environment can keep students' thinking active all the time, actively explore new knowledge, give full play to students' intelligence and wisdom, and thus make the inspiring effect in the best state.
Case 2:
From 200 1 autumn, primary school students in Jiangxi province bid farewell to the traditional 100 grading system and implemented a new performance evaluation mechanism-"grade evaluation".
At present, primary schools in Weifang City, Shandong Province have cancelled all forms of unified examinations, canceled the "hundred-point system" and replaced it with a new evaluation standard of "evaluating special skills". It is strictly forbidden to take the enrollment rate as the sole criterion for evaluating the work of schools and teachers.
Q: What's your attitude towards the educational evaluation reform in Jiangxi and Weifang, Shandong? Please talk about the evaluation reform made by students from the perspective of promoting students' development.
A: The educational evaluation reforms carried out in Jiangxi Province and Weifang City, Shandong Province meet the needs of current quality education. The purpose of education is to abolish the 100-point system, get rid of the shackles of exam-oriented education, teach students in accordance with their aptitude with "grading comments", face all students and promote their all-round development.
"Pedagogy" formative assessment book homework 3 answers
1. The practice shows that the process of moral education is gradual and repeated.
Answer: ① The process of moral education is to promote the continuous improvement of students' ideological and moral quality, but this improvement is not a straight line, but a spiral, repeated and gradually rising track, which shows that the process of moral education is gradual and repeated.
② The gradual and repetitive nature of the moral education process is caused by the following reasons. First, the formation of people's ideological and moral character can not be completely realized overnight through several educations, but a long-term and repeated process. Secondly, the variability and complexity of people's living environment and conditions often restrict the formation and development of people's ideology and morality, which will lead to the gradual and repetitive moral education. Third, the process of moral education in which various factors participate, influence and restrict each other.
③ According to the gradual and repetitive characteristics of the moral education process, it is necessary for us to grasp the following moral education problems. First, the cultivation of people's ideological and moral character should not be eager for success, let alone "immediate results", but should be gradual, adhere to "educating people for a hundred years" and persevere. Second, ideological and moral education should be repeated.
2. Talk about how to implement the principle of combining strict requirements with respect for trust.
A: The combination of strict requirements and respect and trust means that in the process of moral education, educators should respect and trust students, and strictly demand students in accordance with socialist ideological norms and moral norms. Through the combination of the two, the formation and development of students' good moral character can be promoted.
Strictly demanding, respecting and trusting students is an inevitable requirement to realize a democratic and equal socialist relationship between teachers and students, and it is also the work attitude and professional ethics that teachers should have.
Strict demands on students and respect for trust are two necessary conditions to restrict the effect of moral education. If there is no strict requirement of respect and trust, students are likely to have emotional obstacles. Respect and trust are the basis of strict requirements, and also the sincere embodiment of respecting and trusting students.
In order to implement the principle of combining strict requirements with respect for trust, we should pay attention to the following aspects:
First, we should put forward strict requirements on the basis of respecting and trusting students. The emotional experience of respect and trust is the basis for students to accept various requirements put forward by teachers. Only by "kissing his teacher" can we "believe in his way".
Second, in the process of strict requirements, we should show respect and trust for students and enthusiastically help them complete the requirements, "help them get on the horse and give them a ride."
Third, respect, love and strict requirements for students are indispensable, but attention should be paid to the appropriateness, strictness and dignity of love. Love is the basis of respecting and trusting students. Without love for students, respect and trust are unrealistic and difficult to last. Take the method of "psychological exchange" or "position exchange" to love the feelings of poor and backward students.
For example, please refer to the textbook and give your own examples.
Case 1:
Shortly after school started, Mr. Chen found that Yang Liang had many problems. Teacher Chen thinks that what students like Yang Liang lack is not criticism, but affirmation and encouragement. Once, Mr. Chen talked to him and said, "You have shortcomings, but you also have many advantages. Maybe you didn't find them yourself. Well, I'll give you two days to find some of your strengths, or I'll criticize you. " On the third day, Yang Liang was embarrassed to find Teacher Chen, blushing and saying, "I have a good heart and great strength. I want to be a soldier after graduation. " Teacher Chen listened and said, "This is a great advantage. Kind-hearted and helpful, such people are needed everywhere. You have great strength, and it is an honor to want to be a soldier and defend your country. Your ideal is very realistic. However, as a soldier, we must also have scientific and cultural knowledge, and we must have real talents and practical learning. " After listening to the teacher's words, Yang Liang was very happy, with a smile on his face.
Q: What moral principles and methods did Mr. Chen mainly use in the education process?
A: Teacher Chen's method is just right. A good meal builds students' confidence and saves an underachiever. From the perspective of moral education, Mr. Chen mainly used the principle of unity of knowing and doing, the principle of positive education and guidance in the education process, and "activated" this principle in the application, and also used moral education methods such as self-cultivation method and moral evaluation method.
Case 2:
On Monday, a parent found his son dawdling at school and asked him what happened. The child hesitated for a long time before telling the truth. It turned out that last Tuesday morning, the class teacher held a class meeting and elected three "bad students" by secret ballot. Because two students have violated school discipline recently, they have indisputably become "bad students". After some selection, the third "bad student" hat fell on his son. This 9-year-old boy was actually selected by his classmates 18 "charge". On the afternoon of the same day, the group leader of Grade Two called the selected "bad students" to a meeting, criticized and warned the three children, and asked them to write a check, write out all the bad things they had done, and let the parents sign them, and hand them over to the group leader of Grade One on Monday.
The parent didn't say anything in front of the child, but signed it and sent the child to school. Later, she called the class teacher and asked what was going on. The head teacher said, "Your child is the worst child in the class, and was elected by the students by secret ballot." When she questioned that this method hurt the child's self-esteem, the teacher replied: "Self-esteem was built by herself, not by others", and said that they didn't think there was anything wrong with it, and its purpose was also for the good of the child.
The 9-year-old boy has been depressed since he was chosen as a "bad student", and he always tries to find excuses to play truant.
Question: Please use the relevant principles of moral education to criticize the head teacher's practice.
A: The class teacher elected three "bad students" by secret ballot, which was intended to be strict with himself, warn the students and try to educate them. However, this practice violates the principle of "overcoming negative factors with positive factors" in moral education principles, leading to an increase in negative factors.
As an educator, in education, we should make good use of the form of famous teachers, constantly strengthen and carry forward the positive side of students, and restrain or eliminate the backward side.
"Pedagogy" formative assessment book homework 4 answers
1, talk about your understanding of the role of teachers.
A: Teachers' roles mainly include: (1) imparting knowledge; (2) promoting learning; (3) Model citizens; (4) student management personnel; (5) parents' agents; (6) friends of students; (7) Psychotherapists; (8) Educational science researchers emphasize the following points:
Teachers-Defenders of mental health and learning partners: In promoting students' all-round physical and mental development, teachers, as managers of student activities, defenders of discipline, model citizens, parents' agents and other traditional roles, will still play a great role. However, with the change of educational situation and the establishment of new teacher-student relationship, the connotation of these roles will change greatly. The biggest change is that teachers will be the defenders, friends and learning partners of students' mental health.
Teachers-promoters of learning: Teachers are still the designers and organizers of teaching activities, as well as the managers and instructors of students' learning. These traditional roles still play an important role, but they are not carried out with traditional teaching as the core, but mainly around students' learning, such as how to make new and old knowledge interact better on the basis of students' original knowledge; What methods are used to promote the organization of students' knowledge and the transfer of skills; How to judge whether students have achieved the teaching goal, what is the crux of not achieving the goal, and so on.
Teachers-lifelong learners and researchers: An important change in the role of teachers in future education is that teachers will become lifelong learners. Although it was emphasized in the past that teachers should constantly recharge their batteries and continue to learn, many teachers have been living on their laurels for many years because of the slow updating of knowledge, relatively stable subject content and teaching materials, and institutional factors. With the advent of the information age, the speed of knowledge updating is rapidly accelerated. As the inheritor of knowledge, teachers can't accomplish this mission without constantly updating their knowledge. Lifelong learning is the concept of existence in 2 1 century, especially for teachers. Teachers need to keep up with the development of the times more than anyone else, and teachers should become practitioners and models of lifelong learning.
As far as the role of teachers is concerned, the research here mainly refers to the practical research of education and teaching, rather than professional academic research. Teachers must become active and effective researchers in education and teaching in order to realize their role transformation, from simply imparting knowledge to promoting students' learning and physical and mental development.
4. Briefly describe the basic qualities that teachers should possess.
A: Teachers should have the following basic qualities:
(1) Ideological and political accomplishment 1, noble life purpose and noble moral quality.
Teachers not only impart knowledge to students, but also influence students with their own personality charm, attitude towards work and dribs and drabs. For students, the role of teachers' personality strength is silent education, and its influence on students is far greater than simple preaching. Children observe society and teachers from their own perspective, not only listening to what teachers say, but also watching what teachers do. Therefore, as a teacher, we must be strict with ourselves, show our students a role model with our good behavior, and leave them a beautiful image forever.
(two) professional ethics, love education, loyalty to the people's education, dedication to the people's education; Love students, respect students and be tireless in teaching others; Be strict with yourself, set an example and be a teacher; Enjoy it, study hard with an open mind and make continuous progress; Unite and cooperate, respect the collective and encourage each other.
(3) Strengthen scientific and cultural literacy, adopt various forms of learning, and strengthen the edification of students' scientific culture.
(4) Teachers with educational theoretical literacy should have good theoretical literacy in order to be better qualified for teaching.
(5) Educational Ability Literacy In every specific educational activity, teachers are required to have a variety of educational abilities based on one or several abilities: educational foresight ability is the ability to estimate the physical and mental status of the educational object, the suitability of educational content, the interference possibility of various influencing factors and the educational effect before the educational activity begins. Educational transmission ability The so-called educational transmission ability refers to the ability of teachers to output processed information to students and make it act on their body and mind. The law of information communication in the process of education determines that teachers must have the ability of educational communication. Educational process control ability
Educational communication can not be separated from the control of educational process. Educational process control means that teachers always occupy a dominant position in educational activities and manipulate educational activities to develop according to the expected aspects.
Second, the case analysis problem
Case 1:
On the first day of school, the new head teacher, Mr. Zou, walked into the classroom of Class 5, Grade 2 and found five big characters written on the blackboard: "You are dismissed, too." It turns out that the class has changed two head teachers in succession, because the students' study, class hygiene and daily behavior norms in this class are very poor, and the first two head teachers lost their qualifications as head teachers because they were detained.
Question: If you were Mr. Zou, what would you do?
A: I will adopt the method of edifying education under the guidance of the principle of combining knowledge with practice and the principle of overcoming negative factors with positive factors. As a teacher, you should not only be able to preach and teach, but also be good at setting an example and teaching with emotion. This kind of self-evident leader should contact and influence students with his own behavior, deep expectation and sincere love for students, and his own spiritual understanding. This influence is caused by students' concern for teachers.
Case 2:
Miss Zhao is a young teacher in a middle school, and now she is in charge of the class teacher. He firmly believed in the great people's educator Mr. Tao Xingzhi's educational motto of "Love the whole world" and vowed to be an excellent teacher who loves students. After graduating from college and taking up his post, he devoted himself to the education and teaching of students. In order to get to know and get close to students and gain their dependence, he participates in extracurricular or even off-campus activities with students, such as playing ball games, playing chess and visiting video game halls. And it is almost in line with the wishes of students. However, after one school year, Mr. Zhao felt very depressed; Not only did the school leaders criticize him for indulging students too much, but the students also complained about his management style and the teacher's partiality. To this end, Mr. Zhao was very upset and almost moved the idea of resigning as the head teacher.
Question: (1) Please point out the main problems in Teacher Zhao's work from the perspective of relevant principles of pedagogy.
(2) Try to talk about how to improve Mr. Zhao's work with the theoretical viewpoint of teachers' literacy.
A: It is correct for Mr. Zhao to use the educator Tao Xingzhi's "love all over the world" to spur himself, and his ambition is also very good. However, in order to gain the dependence of students, he almost gave everything to their wishes, which seriously violated the basic principles of moral education. Moral education should be combined with reality, strict requirements and respect for trust, so as to achieve good results. Teacher Zhao's method is improper, and she loses love and strictness.
Teacher Zhao should deepen the basic literacy of teachers, especially the literacy of educational theory and ability, integrate theory with practice, analyze and re-create what he has learned, and formulate a set of practical programs. We should respect and trust students and be strict with them.