Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States for decades, the relationship between the two countries has been developing in ups and downs. During his official visit to the United States in April 2006, President Hu Jintao defined Sino-US relations as "constructive partners" and pointed out: "Both China and the United States have a strong desire to further develop bilateral relations, and both recognize that Sino-US relations have gone far beyond the scope of bilateral relations and become more and more global."
During his visit, President Hu repeatedly stressed the need to look at Sino-US relations from a global perspective and a strategic perspective, and to look at the * * * understandings and differences existing in Sino-US relations. This Liu. It is of great significance to promote the stable and healthy development of bilateral relations, safeguard world peace and promote common development. Under the global environment of world economic globalization, political multipolarization and scientific and technological informationization, China and the United States, as the two most influential countries in the world, have great influence on global economy, politics and security and bear unshirkable responsibilities.
1. The development of Sino-US economic and trade relations affects the whole world.
As the oldest way of human communication, economic and trade relations play a very important role in Sino-US relations. Brad, president of the Asia Society of the United States, believes that economic and trade relations are the "ballast cabin" of Sino-US relations, and the reason why Sino-US relations can experience political ups and downs is precisely because of the ballast cabin of economic and trade. Driven by economic globalization, Sino-US economic and trade relations have further developed in 2 1 century, and its growth rate and amount have far exceeded the scope of bilateral economic and trade relations, and its global influence is increasing day by day.
1. Sino-US economic and trade relations have promoted the deepening of the international division of labor in American industries.
One of the main reasons for the rapid development of Sino-US economic and trade relations is the strong complementarity of Sino-US trade. China is the largest developing country in the world, a big market to be developed and rich in labor resources. ? The trade between China and the United States is mainly processing trade, and the export products are mainly labor-intensive products. The United States is the largest developed country in the world, with abundant capital and advanced technology development level. Driven by economic globalization, the international division of labor in the United States has entered a higher level, accelerating the transfer of labor-intensive industries overseas, until the production departments of some products are transferred overseas, and the products are sold back to China to maximize profits.
After the reform and opening up, China actively participated in the international division of labor, seized this opportunity, and received a large number of labor-intensive processing industries transferred from the United States and other western developed countries. Data show that since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States, the bilateral trade volume has increased by more than 80 times, and the United States has become China's second largest trading partner and the largest export market. Sino-US trade has benefited the United States, accelerated the "offshoring" of industries and played an important role in the development of American international division of labor to a higher level. The United States stopped producing a series of low-end labor-intensive products (including underwear and some daily consumer goods), and some high-tech products, such as airplanes and automobiles, were also produced under the umbrella of multinational companies, which inevitably led to the transfer of labor and promoted the development of relatively backward developing countries.
In 1960s, the United States transferred labor-intensive industries to South Korea and other Asian countries and regions, which promoted the rapid development of local economy and promoted the adjustment and upgrading of local industrial structure. After 1980s, it also promoted the development of China, Indian, Vietnamese and other countries. It is reasonable to believe that the development of Sino-US economic and trade relations will have more and more positive significance for the United States to actively participate in the international division of labor and accelerate the pace of industrial transfer, not only for China and the United States, but also for the world.
2. Sino-US economic and trade relations affect the attitude of domestic interest groups in the United States.
The United States is a country with highly developed interest groups, and its number and types are the highest in the world. Interest groups are organizations and groups formed on the basis of safeguarding their own and group interests. It has two characteristics:
(1) Allow foreign interest groups to conduct off-campus activities in the United States;
(2) Various interest groups are playing an increasingly significant role in the election campaign. Various interest groups directly or indirectly change the process and environment of policy-making through direct and indirect lobbying, court litigation and influencing elections. In turn, it has a major impact on the domestic and foreign policies of the United States.
The increase of American domestic friendly interest groups to China has broken the long-term single interest composition of American domestic interest groups, realized the diversification of American domestic interests, and effectively resisted the consistent national egoism of the United States. The so-called national egoism, that is, pursuing the maximization of its own interests in the name of national interests, the withdrawal of the United States from the Kyoto Protocol and the transfer of polluting industries to developing countries, are all outstanding manifestations of American national egoism. All this is the inevitable result of America's long-term pursuit of pragmatism, consumerism and individualism. Interest groups friendly to China will impact and resist the consistent single interests of the United States, which is of positive significance for the United States to truly shoulder the responsibility of a big country and implement and promote the strategy of sustainable development.
Second, the constructive and cooperative relationship between China and the United States affects world peace and development.
1. Sino-US cooperation will have a positive impact on non-traditional security threats.
The establishment of non-sexual cooperation between China and the United States is conducive to improving the efficiency of international counter-terrorism and safeguarding world security. In the era of globalization, the global openness and accessibility of communication and transportation, TV satellites, the Internet and other global communication methods have been used by terrorist organizations as tools to collect intelligence and transmit information. With the rapid development of global arms trade after the end of the Cold War, it is easier for terrorism to acquire more modern and deadly weapons.
These circumstances determine that the international fight against terrorism should be combined with combating transnational crimes such as transnational arms smuggling and transnational money laundering. Because most terrorist organizations live in areas with complex geographical location, backward economy, multi-ethnic and multi-religious, it is decided that international counter-terrorism should unite all forces that can be United. As a socialist country, China has natural and close ties with third world countries, which account for two thirds of the world, and maintains friendly economic, trade and cultural exchanges. The cooperation between China and the United States will complement each other and make international cooperation in the field of counter-terrorism more efficient.
2. The consultation and cooperation between China and the United States within the framework of the United Nations is very important.
The constructive cooperation between China and the United States is of positive significance to safeguarding the authority of the United Nations, improving its efficiency and further safeguarding world peace, security and stability. The United Nations is the largest intergovernmental international organization composed of sovereign and legitimate governments in the world today, and it is the most influential and authoritative institution to solve global and geographical problems. The United Nations plays an important role in maintaining world peace and security and promoting common development with other international organizations and any country. As a founding member of the United Nations and a permanent member of the Security Council, the cooperation or disputes between China and the United States in the United Nations will have a great impact on world peace and development.
The Security Council is the only organization in the United Nations that has the right to take action to maintain world peace and security, and it is also the main place for big countries to play games within the framework of the United Nations. The constructive cooperative relationship between China and the United States is very important for the two countries to strengthen cooperation and consultation within the framework of the United Nations and its Security Council, rationally use the veto power, and truly make the veto power a "safety valve" for world peace and development. The development of constructive cooperation between China and the United States and the increase of common interests mean that the two countries can continue to strengthen cooperation within the framework of the United Nations.