We should start from the whole, pay attention to the relationship between head, neck and shoulders, and pay attention to the angle of shoulders.
The third step is to determine the basic position of the five senses, and the perspective of the corners of the eyes should be accurate.
The dark side can unify the tone to enhance the sense of volume of the object and pay attention to the volume of the hair.
Step 4: Wipe the dark side with paper to unify the dark side.
You can deepen the five senses and make them jump out of the face, and then analyze them under the details of the five senses.
The fifth step is to pay attention to the dark side. The eyes should highlight the sense of volume and pay attention to the dark side of space.
Pay attention to the bright surface, neckline and collar, and then pay attention to the adjustment of details.
Step 6 is basically completed, and the color of hair should be different from the color of clothes.
Don't have too many details about the neck. The key lies in the sense of volume and space before and after the five senses are vivid. This is a good sketch demonstration.
First of all, eyes:
Young women should be especially careful with their eyes. The eyes can be understood as a semicircle, and the eyelids have a certain thickness. The structure of the inner corner of the eye and the outer corner of the eye, and the changes of the upper and lower eyelids should be carefully analyzed. Pupil pigment is heavier, highlights are brighter, and black and white are distinct.
Second, the nose and mouth:
The head of this work is slightly tilted, so we should pay special attention to the relationship between the structure of the nose and perspective. Noses should be painted to breathe.
The change of mouth shape is the external expression of character temperament. The change of the corners of the mouth echoes the eyes, vividly depicting the inner spirit of the characters' combination of rigidity and softness.
Quality. In addition, young women's lips are bright red and soft, so candidates should pay attention to the difference from the face color when dealing with them.
Third, chin and neck:
The bone of the mandible should be painted hard and the muscles of the neck should be painted soft. Women's skin is delicate and fair, not too heavy, but gray, so as to show the characteristics of women.
Fourth, hair:
The hair is soft, fluffy and shiny, and the color is heavy. Special emphasis should be placed on the relationship between reality and surplus and the change of density.
The first step: draw the outline of the human body with a faint straight line and deal with the composition.
Step 2: Make the outline more accurate and specific by the relationship between body structure, visual angle and action.
Step 3: Start with the accurate and powerful local drawing method of lines, gradually draw the shapes of various parts, and use simple tones to enhance the performance of volume.
The fourth step: finishing, starting from the overall effect, through strengthening and weakening methods to make the picture detailed and appropriate, and the main image features are distinct and prominent.
(A) the performance of personality characteristics
Portrait painting is not only complex in structure, but also rich in expression. In the step-by-step sketch, we should first train the grasp of "shape", and after mastering the basic laws of shape skillfully, we will gradually achieve the goal of "writing spirit with shape and having both shape and spirit", which requires us to pay attention to the image characteristics of the model when shaping the avatar.
Rudolf Asheim proved in his book Art and Visual Perception that there are two habitual tendencies in human vision, namely flattening and sharpening. Those who tend to be flat tend to emphasize symmetry, eliminate details and inclination, while those who tend to be sharp tend to separate, strengthen differences and emphasize inclination. These two tendencies are not conducive to modeling, and the disadvantages of flattening are even more harmful. Its inflexibility is a serious obstacle to portrait personalization.
The capture of the vivid expression of the avatar mainly depends on the description of the facial expression area of the five senses. Angel said: "When painting an avatar, the artist is most concerned about making the eyes speak. Even ordinary eyes should draw eye sockets first, and then transition to a protruding nose. The movement direction of eyebrows is also the key to expression, and the corners of the mouth reflect the changes of subtle expressions more carefully and accurately.
(2) In addition, the conscious reaction of the hand in a certain mental state will also reveal what the face wants to hide. What the painter does is to unify the concept of the opponent with the concept of the real hand ―― using the concept of the real hand to study the purpose, usage and law of the hand. To draw a hand, we must first understand its structure, from the geometric structure, that is, from the cylinder and cube to understand the correct method, hand and performance, hand and gender, and so on.
(3) Clothing grain: The appearance of clothing grain comes from the structure of human body and its own texture. The reasons of clothing grain are: (1) It is consistent with the body structure of human body, and it is the function of force, which is related to human movement or external force; (2) It is related to the style of clothing itself; (3) formed by long-term folding; (4) The vertical feeling caused by the vertical force of clothes.
(4) Linearity and texture of materials
The different texture of a material affects the shape of clothing lines, such as silk-like clothing with thin texture, which has many and dense lines and softer lines. Linen and other hard clothing lines are mostly broken lines and straight lines, and the lines are square and short, while wool and chemical fiber fabrics are few and straight. China's traditional painting also has a high evaluation of the modeling of clothing, and summed up a complete set of performance styles and systems different from western painting. Shen Zongqian said in "The Painting of Mustard Seeds and People's Talk": "The surrounding bones should be seen from the outside of the clothes, where are the shoulders and elbows ... These are hidden in the clothes, but they are written in prose when making patterns." "The bones of * * * * are agreed first, and then clothes are applied." The relationship between clothing structure and human body structure is revealed.
Mainly to draw clothing lines, but also pay attention to the training, generalization and selection of clothing lines. When sketching, we should give full play to the effect of line density, length and rhythm of reality, and sometimes it is decorative. This point has the same effect in Chinese and western painting.
(5) wearing sketches all over.
It is a kind of portrait painting and an important means to collect creative materials. On the basis of bust, the painter is required to understand and master the whole and improve the ability of describing and coordinating all parts of the whole character. The embodiment of the character's personality will be comprehensive, even including the scene.
(6) The specific drawing method of the hand
The hand consists of twenty-seven bones and sixteen relationships. The shape of the back of the hand is almost determined by the bones. Hand bones are composed of wrist bones, metacarpal bones and phalanges. There are eight carpal bones, which are as irregular as the tarsal bones of the feet. They are combined into a whole.
When describing the hand in detail, we should master the proportion, volume and volume of the hand. The volume of the hand has two parts, (1) the palm; (2) Thumb, hand flat from the side, wrist high, tilting from the knuckles, called "price reduction" down the steps.
(7) Summary
Sketch (line drawing) figure sketch, in one sentence, is the four stages of sketch training, including head portrait, bust and full-length portrait. The requirements of each stage are different, but the method from whole to part and from part to whole is unchanged. Only by more training, more research and more comparison can we make progress step by step.
1, the shape and composition of the head;
Structural characteristics of (1)
The skeleton of the head is a hexahedron inside the outer circle, which consists of four basic parts: forehead, cheekbones, upper and lower jaws and cheeks. Geometric characteristics of the head and its parts.
(2) Appearance characteristics
That is, the facial features, the external contour shape of the front of the head. People's faces vary widely, but they can be summarized into eight basic types, namely, God, Jia, Guo, Tian, Sun, Yong, You and Feng.
(3) Proportional characteristics
A, hairline to eyebrow, eyebrow to nasal bottom, nasal bottom to chin are basically the same, called "three courts";
B, the widest part of the face is five eyes wide, that is, the distance between the eyes is one eye, and the outside of the eyes is one eye to two ears, which is called "five eyes".
C, eyes are usually located in the middle of the head 1/2.
(4) Modeling features of five senses
The five senses are an important part of the head and the key content to grasp the characters.
Eyes: Generally speaking, eyes are the core of a character's demeanor, including eyes, eyelids and eyeballs. The overall shape of the eye can be understood as a sphere embedded in the concave frame.
Nose: It is divided into nose bridge and nose head, and its overall shape can be summarized as a trapezoid cube. The nose is the key to grasp the shape of the nose and the most complicated part of the body. It consists of nose, alar, nasal septum and nostril.
Mouth: divided into upper and lower lips, with a gap at the junction and squab at both ends. The volume of the oral cavity is influenced by the upper and lower jaws, and the total volume is semi-cylindrical.
Ear: supported by ear cartilage, it consists of outer helix, inner helix, tragus, opposite tragus, earlobe and ear hole.
2. Main points of head sketch;
(1) Judging from the large turnover,
Facial features and hair are important manifestations of the head, but these local factors must be subordinate to and attached to the large volume of the head, and the relationship between them must always be paid attention to. The head modeling must pay special attention to several bone points that cause a decent turning point: parietal tubercle, frontal mound, eyebrow arch, cheekbone and mental tubercle.
(2) Dynamic and visual angle
The accurate grasp of head immobility depends on the correct understanding of its visual angle change. Eyebrow arch, nose and cleft palate can be regarded as three horizontal lines, and the centers of eyebrow, human and mandibular tip can be regarded as the central axis perpendicular to this group of horizontal lines, which together constitute the dynamic line of the head. We can observe and grasp the dynamic characteristics through their perspective changes in motion.
(3) Attitude and personality characteristics
Manner and personality characteristics are the spiritual content of incarnation. To make it correct and vivid, we must first rely on and understand the form, that is, "to write the spirit with form, to be rich with form, and to have both form and spirit." Grasping the form depends on keen intuition.
(4) the texture of each part.
Different from plaster head, different parts of a real person's head have different textures, such as silky hair; The nose, especially the alar, is waxy; There are wrinkles in the mouth and thin cortex. These parts are easy to produce highlights because of their bright texture. Keenly feeling and expressing the texture features of each part will make the picture more concrete and vivid.