The core of blockchain technology is that all currently participating nodes jointly maintain transactions and databases, so that transactions are based on cryptography principles rather than trust, so that any two parties who reach an agreement can directly conduct payment transactions without the participation of a third party.
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Technically, a block is a data structure that records transactions and reflects the flow of transaction funds. The transaction blocks that have arrived in the system are connected together to form the main chain, and all nodes participating in the calculation record the main chain or a part of the main chain. A block contains the following three parts: transaction information, hash formed by the previous block and random number. Transaction information is the task data carried by block, including private keys of both parties, transaction times, digital signatures of electronic money, etc. Using the hash hash connection block formed by the previous block to realize the orderly arrangement of past transactions; Random number is the core of the transaction, all miners compete to calculate the answer of random number, and the node that gets the answer fastest generates a new block and broadcasts it to all nodes for updating, thus completing a transaction.
What is a blockchain?
Blockchain refers to the technical scheme of collectively maintaining a reliable database through decentralization and distrust. The technical scheme is mainly to make any number of nodes participating in the system generate a series of data blocks by cryptography, each data block contains all information exchange data of the system in a certain period of time, and generate data fingerprints to verify the validity of its information and link the next database block.
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In layman's terms, blockchain technology refers to a way for all people to participate in bookkeeping. There is a database behind all systems, which is a big account book. Then it becomes very important who will keep this account book. At present, whose system is responsible for bookkeeping, the books of each bank are kept by each bank, and the books of Alipay are kept by Ali. But now in the blockchain system, everyone in the system can have the opportunity to participate in bookkeeping. If there is a new transaction data change in a certain period of time, everyone in the system can come to keep an account. The system will judge the fastest and best bookkeeping person during this period, write the recorded contents into the ledger, and send the contents of the ledger to everyone else in the system for backup. In this way, everyone in the system has a complete account book. Therefore, these data will become very secure. The tamper needs to modify more than half of the system node data at the same time to tamper with the data. This tampering is extremely expensive and almost impossible. Bitcoin, for example, has been running for more than seven years, and countless hackers around the world have tried to attack Bitcoin, but so far there have been no trading errors. It can be considered that the bitcoin blockchain has proved to be a safe and reliable system.
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1.2 Why is there blockchain innovation?
Human beings need to communicate in the process of activities, and communication is based on information. In the past, information circulation was not convenient enough to meet the needs of market participants, so intermediaries and centers were born. This centralized system has some problems, such as high cost, low efficiency, scattered value, "information island" and unsafe data storage. However, due to technical and environmental factors, the system continued to run for many years until the emergence of the Internet. The starting point of the first generation Internet is TCP/IP protocol, which is an open code for all nodes on a network to realize peer-to-peer transmission of information in a unified format, making the basic values of freedom and equality required by the global unified market procedural, protocol and executable. Internet eliminates the intermediate chain with low value and high cost, and decentralizes global information transmission with low cost and high efficiency.
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However, the first generation of Internet did not solve the credit problem of information. The activities that can be decentralized on the internet must be activities that do not need credit endorsement, and those that need credit guarantee must be concentrated activities with the participation of third-party intermediaries. Therefore, the internet technology that can't establish global credit has encountered great obstacles on the way forward-people can't participate in any value exchange activities through decentralization on the Internet. People still need credit-based third-party intermediaries (such as banks, clearing houses and exchanges) to realize value exchange. There are still some problems in the global centralized credit system, such as high operating cost, low efficiency and vulnerability to attacks. For example, different countries have different legal tender and credit values, and their clearing systems are also incompatible, which increases the cost of global trade.
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Therefore, what the second generation Internet must break through is: how to establish global credit in a decentralized way? Jean >>
Question 2: What is a blockchain? What does the popular saying mean? What is China's attitude towards blockchain? What can the blockchain do? Blockchain, a great technology accompanying the birth of Bitcoin, can greatly reduce transaction costs and improve efficiency in the financial field, which is enough to make Wall Street excited. However, this is only the tip of the iceberg, and its potential application prospect is very broad, which will subvert all aspects of our lives in the future.
Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin. It is essentially a decentralized database and serves as the underlying technology of Bitcoin. One of the most basic features of Bitcoin is decentralization. In recent months, financial giants have gradually begun to pay attention to this technology of Bitcoin and used this technology in non-monetary fields, such as stock trading and election voting. (1) Art industry
Artists can use blockchain technology to declare ownership and publish works with numbers and * * * versions, which can be aimed at the digital form of any type of artistic works. It even includes a trading market where artists can buy and sell through their websites without any intermediary services.
(2) Real estate industry
Use blockchain technology to solve various problems that everyone faces when participating in real estate, including naming process, land registration, agency and so on.
(3) Insurance industry
The financial industry has always been the most sensitive to advanced technology. Traditional banks and securities giants began to participate in blockchain venture capital in full swing from 20 14, and the total global investment in two years was as high as 10 billion US dollars.
(4) P2P wallet
Personal assets can be traded through this P2P wallet in the future without going through any central institution, such as Bitcoin.
Most blockchains are in their infancy, but mainly overseas. There are few good blockchain projects in China, and it is not recommended for any non-professionals to invest in blockchain projects. If you are interested in blockchain technology and have a technical or financial background, I suggest you consider starting a business in this area. As far as the protocol system of blockchain is concerned, the bottom layer is the bottom technology of blockchain, including the technical protocol of blockchain, as well as some platform routing and basic algorithms; The middle layer needs to solve the interface of some applications and the issuance and verification of some vouchers, including the services of some industry platforms and big data analysis. This is a very rough division, and there should be a more detailed division; At the top are some applications of blockchain, including some applications in finance, Internet of Things and so on.
Brief introduction of Bubi blockchain
Since its establishment, Bubi blockchain has been focusing on the research and development and innovation of blockchain technology and products. It has a number of core technologies, made substantial innovations in many aspects, and formed a number of core technological achievements, such as distributed knowledge technology that can be mathematically proved, fast large-scale account book access technology, multi-chain general ledger technology that supports business form expansion, and interconnection technology between heterogeneous blockchains. On April 25, "Gege Integral" introduced the integral system into the concept of blockchain, which was jointly opened by many parties, and the points were distributed and exchanged to promote the circulation of points. All cooperative institutions can participate in transaction verification, account book storage and real-time settlement; The third-party payment platform of the enterprise points issuer makes the points in and out more flexible. Bubi has developed its own blockchain basic service platform, which has applications in the fields of equity, supply chain, points and credit. Bubi has been committed to building an open value circulation network with (multi-) center trust as the core, so that digital assets can flow freely.
The simple understanding of blockchain is a technology at the bottom of Bitcoin, that is, a peer-to-peer electronic cash system, which can realize peer-to-peer value express delivery. We should distinguish between bitcoin, bitcoin blockchain, blockchain and blockchain technology. In the countries with developed finance in the past, the technology of finance and blockchain has a long history, and the legislation of digital currency and blockchain network is also very important. With the advent of the financial era, large financial institutions are studying blockchain technology. They have their own team and concept technology. Slowly, banks in various regions are also participating in the discussion in digital currency. The application and support of this technology is not only that, but the impact of blockchain on enterprises is also huge. For large domestic enterprises, Bubi Block is also used in various fields such as equity, supply chain and points. Major domestic financial institutions and enterprises have taken a fancy to the value of emerging industries and have developed their own blockchain platforms. Overseas and internationally, compared with China, the United States has obtained 15 patents for blockchain at the end of last year. The financial application of blockchain is entering a new stage in an all-round way, and various applications will be more and more in-depth, and related changes will be paid more and more attention, which will also form a great new trend ... >>
Question 3: What is blockchain technology? What exactly is a blockchain? What is a blockchain? 1. data blockchain is an important concept in the bitcoin financial system, which records the transaction record data on the entire bitcoin network, which is shared by all bitcoin nodes. Through the data blockchain, we can query the transaction history of each bitcoin. 2. Example: Party A, Party B and Party C, all the funds of Party A and Party B are kept by Party C ... and every fund transaction must be recorded by C. Now suppose that A and B each have 6.5438+million kept by C, then: if A spends 80,000 yuan on B, then C will subtract 80,000 yuan from A's name and add 80,000 yuan to B's name. If B transfers 50,000 to A, then C will add 50,000 to A and subtract 50,000 from B. If Party A spends 50,000 to Party B, then C will subtract 50,000 from Party A and add 50,000 to Party B.. 3. The function of data blockchain is similar to C's account book, which records users' ownership of bitcoin and records all users' bitcoin transactions. However, this "account book" is recorded by the mining software of every bitcoin miner on the Internet. If the bitcoin transaction is confirmed by the data blockchain, relevant information will be recorded in the data blockchain. Bitcoin's "books" are called data blockchains. All data blockchains on the network constitute the distributed network database system of Bitcoin. 4. The essence of data blockchain technology is a decentralized and distributed data storage, transmission and proof method, which replaces the current dependence of the Internet on the central server with data blocks, so that all data changes or transactions are recorded on a cloud system, and the self-proof of data in data transmission is realized theoretically. It has far-reaching influence, which goes beyond the traditional and conventional information verification paradigm that relies on the center. It reduces the cost of establishing global "credit", and this peer-to-peer verification will produce a "basic protocol", which is a new form of distributed artificial intelligence and will establish a brand-new interface and * * * shared interface for human brain intelligence and machine intelligence.
Question 4: What is the blockchain? Explain that blockchain is more popular and easier to understand. Blockchain refers to the technical scheme of collectively maintaining a reliable database through decentralization and distrust.
In layman's terms, blockchain technology refers to a way for all people to participate in bookkeeping. There is a database behind all systems. You can think of the database as a big ledger. Then it becomes very important who will keep this account book. At present, whose system is responsible for bookkeeping, WeChat's account book is kept by Tencent, and Taobao's account book is kept by Ali. But now in the blockchain system, everyone in the system can have the opportunity to participate in bookkeeping. If there is any data change in a certain period of time, everyone in the system can come to keep an account. The system will judge the fastest and best bookkeeping person during this period, write his recorded contents into the account book, and send the contents of the account book to everyone else in the system for backup. In this way, everyone in the system has a complete account book. In this way, we call it blockchain technology.
Blockchain technology has become the darling of financial circles and a hot topic in China. The domestic Puyin Group launched digital currency's tea-based Puyin.
Question 5: It is easy to understand what a blockchain is. In a sense, blockchain can be understood as a database system. Blockchain can be divided into 1.0 and 2.0.
1.0, represented by bitcoin, mainly uses virtual currency or digital currency application. At present, the blockchain can only be used for simple digital currency transactions.
2.0 is represented by the popular Ethereum and the upcoming hyperledger. At present, the blockchain can not only meet the corresponding digital currency transactions, but also customize currency or asset transactions with smart contracts. If we take the database as an analogy, the emergence of smart contracts can be understood as allowing users to define functions or stored procedures in the database and call them to execute them.
Different from traditional databases, blockchain introduces some specific elements, such as * * * knowledge mechanism, incentive mechanism, p2p (network), hash, etc. This makes it open, decentralized and tamper-proof.
Question 6: What is a blockchain? Is there a great god who can explain it in a popular way? Blockchain is the underlying technology of Bitcoin, just like an account book, which records all transaction records. It's decentralized. What is decentralization? For example, if you buy something on Taobao and place an order to pay Alipay, Alipay will pay the seller when you receive the goods. Alipay is the third party of that center. Without it, it is decentralized, just like buying things offline, paying with one hand and getting goods with the other, that is, there is no third party.
The blockchain itself is a series of data blocks generated by cryptographic association.
Look carefully to see if it looks like a ledger. One piece is one piece, and together it is a blockchain.
Many companies are developing this technology, so is our company, and the prospect is not good. We can visit official website for details, and hope to adopt them. Thank you.
Question 7: What is blockchain technology? What is a blockchain? How to explain the concept of blockchain? People in every industry have different understandings, and related explanations have gradually surfaced because of more and more practical applications. With the popularization of this blockchain technology, there are more and more related achievements. If you want to understand this technology, you must understand it from reality.
In the past six months, the concept of blockchain has gradually become hot in China, and a whirlwind of blockchain has been blown up in the financial circle. With its unique technical advantages, blockchain has attracted more and more attention and favor from people in the industry. Blockchain technology with the characteristics of decentralization (or multi-centralization), high transparency, non-tampering, and no single point of failure is entering the field of vision of financial institutions and enterprises. At least, it has moved from theoretical discussion to practical application in digital currency, payment and remittance, registration and settlement, digital assets, traceability anti-counterfeiting, supply chain, Internet of Things and many other fields.
"Blockchain" first appeared in the form of "Bitcoin" released in early 2009, and blockchain became the basic protocol and technical application for the initiation, recording and circulation of Bitcoin. Although Bitcoin has been controversial since its appearance, it can't even be regarded as "currency" by * * * and monetary authorities, but the blockchain technology applied by Bitcoin has been widely concerned by * * * and monetary authorities.
Why does blockchain become a hot technology and topic that is heating up rapidly?
Perhaps the most important of these is the introduction of Bitcoin on the basis of blockchain technology, which has opened up a new technology and rules system that has little connection with traditional society (offline) and is fully applicable to the online world (online), such as netizen identity verification, wealth confirmation, transaction records, notarization verification, etc. It provides an alternative path and infinite reverie for people to adapt to the development of Internet society.
From its application in bitcoin, blockchain is intuitively a brand-new set of network block (also called community) establishment, bitcoin configuration, netizen authentication, and bitcoin (value) confirmation and bitcoin transaction records formed through mining. And the registration and verification of bitcoin cross-regional blockchain (value transfer), blockchain, full encryption, and mutual authentication extended encryption (adding blocks and transaction time identification). Internet protocol rules and ledger system. It is precisely because Bitcoin is not a substitute for offline legal tender, but a brand-new decentralized network currency (virtual currency) issued and managed by non-legal tender authorities, which mainly imitates the pattern of gold and is completely protected and supported by Internet basic protocols and strict encryption technology, thus forming a set of new currency rules and systems that are different from and not bound by real social laws and can be traded or exchanged with legal tender. Bitcoin has been launched for more than 8 years, and there is no record of funds or user information being stolen. Its security has been verified, and the efficiency and cost of fund settlement also have obvious advantages. This makes people's confidence in the blockchain technology applied by Bitcoin constantly increase, and people are more and more clearly aware that although blockchain is a technology and protocol pioneered and applied by Bitcoin, blockchain is not the same as Bitcoin, and its application will never be limited to Bitcoin. The application of blockchain can be decentralized or centralized; It can be a public chain mode or a private chain mode. Therefore, after Bitcoin, blockchain technology is also constantly developing and innovating, and constantly exploring new application fields, especially in the financial field.
The reason why blockchain is highly valued by more and more people is that with the development and wide application of the Internet, more and more economic exchanges and transactions are online, and the online world (or network society) is rapidly expanding, enriching and active. However, online transactions must solve the problems of efficiency and security protection such as party identity verification, value verification, transaction records, inspection and verification, and require strict intermediaries and agreements (rules or articles of association). In this regard, the traditional thinking and customary practice is to conform to the development track of offline transactions to online transactions and push the prevailing rules and practices of the real (offline) society to the online (network) society, but it is increasingly difficult to adapt to the needs of online transactions in practice.
For example, the natural choice of party identity verification is to verify the identity of online transactions according to the information of identity documents protected by laws in various countries, and then add the account number or transaction password, as well as biological features such as Facebook, iris and fingerprint, but this method first makes the citizenship information of the cross-border internet world subject to the administrative jurisdiction of the real society ... > >
Question 8: It is easy to understand what a blockchain is. Block literally means block and block, while chain means chain and chain, so it is translated into blockchain together.
1. Encrypt and decrypt by using cryptographic technology, so that records cannot be tampered with. Common blockchain encryption methods include hash algorithm, RSA algorithm and elliptic curve algorithm.
2. The huge amount of calculation needs a reasonable reward mechanism to support it. Because every transaction must be recorded, so far, the blockchain of Bitcoin has exceeded 60 G. Every new transaction needs to confirm the relevant information of the transaction account in order to confirm the validity of the transaction, and a huge amount of calculation needs a powerful computer to complete.
In order to encourage powerful computing power to participate, Bitcoin gives two rewards: one is to distribute a certain amount of Bitcoin to these computers every day; Instead, all the transfer fees will be awarded to these computers. The technical term of these computers is "mining machine", and the person holding the mining machine is called "miner". )
China has made great efforts in asset digitization, and launched China, a crowdfunding platform in digital currency.
Question 9: What is the so-called "blockchain"? The blockchain itself is a tool called decentralization and distrust. For example, if you graduate from college, the current practice is to have a certificate issued by an authoritative organization as your certificate. This setting is more troublesome, because it is a piece of paper, which can be forged, so there will be various gaps, and the issuing authority is also human, and there will be various gaps in the middle. As long as it is related to people and which media, there will be various possibilities. Blockchain provides a good opportunity. Once you graduate, you will create a record on the blockchain. No one can change this record. This thing exists objectively. You are a physical existence, and then as a data, the blockchain is produced. In this way, anyone who wants to know where you graduated can easily solve this problem. This is similar to big data often involved in social (WeChat) and payment platforms (Alipay, Epro).
Question 10: What does blockchain mean? I think you have seen the concept of blockchain on Baidu. Let me explain it with my understanding!
First of all, let's talk about its characteristics: 1, openness and transparency 2, decentralization 3, anonymity 4, information cannot be tampered with, elimination 5, and no trust cost.
Blockchain is like an open account book. Everyone has the right to record and read it. Everyone * * * guarantees its correctness to the supervisor, and the recorded content is permanently saved, and can only be added but not deleted! However, as the number of blocks increases, the cost will increase and the efficiency will decrease. I'm not sure if technology can compensate here. I hope people who know the technology can point it out. )
Blockchain is divided into public chain, private chain and alliance chain. Public chain: everyone can access it, everyone has the right to read and write, completely open and transparent, decentralized. Private chain: open to individuals or institutions, and the owner of private chain can set various permissions to make it partially centralized. Alliance chain: open to specific organizations or groups, but also "partial decentralization." According to the original account book, members can view and trade, but they can't record and confirm bills, or need the permission of the alliance. (The latter two have no cost and efficiency problems. )
Regarding blockchain countries, they have begun to recruit talents in this field. In this regard, you can search online for "Central Bank Recruits digital currency R&D Personnel". In addition, you can deepen your understanding of blockchain by understanding its existing applications. Usually also refers to the public chain. At present, there are small ant blockchains such as Bitcoin and Ethereum in China that are applied abroad.
1. Openness and transparency: every piece of data has been verified by everyone, and you can check it at any time.
2. Decentralization: For example, we shop in Taobao and trade through the intermediary of Taobao. The blockchain is to let the supply and demand sides directly contact and trade directly through blockchain technology.
3. Anonymity: You don't need personal privacy information to complete the transaction in the blockchain, just need your unique number and letter combination signature.
4. Information cannot be tampered with or deleted: once the data is verified and recorded, no one has the right to modify it, let alone delete it!
5. There is no trust cost: the real trust crisis will not appear in the blockchain. In blockchain trading, you don't need to trust each other. Only if you have enough "digital assets" in your hand can you trade, and the transaction will not be broken under the supervision of the whole network. If you have no idea about the cost of trust, think about how many intermediaries there are in your city, or simply think about Ma Yun, and you will know how much the cost of trust is.
I am still learning more about the blockchain. I'm Li Ailin. If you have any questions, you can discuss and study together!