The elderly suffering from malignant tumors are the people with high incidence of cancer, because the immunity and resistance of the body are reduced after people get old. Because of the malignant proliferation of cancer cells and the consumption of a large number of nutrients, the body's catabolism is accelerated, and cancer patients often have decreased digestion and absorption ability and progressive weight loss. This is often the only manifestation of early cancer and should be highly valued by the elderly.
Hyperthyroidism is more common in young and middle-aged women, mainly manifested as ADHD, emaciation, fear of heat and sweating, palpitation, impatience and irritability. Signs include goiter and exophthalmos, and the diagnosis of typical cases is not difficult. Relatively speaking, the incidence of hyperthyroidism in the elderly is low, but the symptoms are atypical, often without hyperthyroidism or excitement, and goiter and exophthalmos are rare, mainly manifested as progressive emaciation, loss of appetite and apathy. Because of atypical symptoms, the clinical misdiagnosis rate is high. Therefore, we should pay attention to the possibility of hyperthyroidism for the elderly with progressive emaciation, anorexia and emotional disorders.
Diabetes is a common disease among middle-aged and elderly people, and its typical symptom is what we often say: "drink more urine and eat more thin". However, many elderly diabetic patients have no obvious symptoms of "drinking too much, urinating too much and eating too much", and the outstanding performance is emaciation. In addition, some diabetic patients are often misdiagnosed as chronic gastritis due to autonomic nerve dysfunction, which leads to gastric motility disorder, abdominal distension and anorexia. Therefore, for the elderly who are emaciated for unknown reasons, blood routine and urine sugar should be tested to rule out diabetes.
Adrenal cortical hypofunction is more common in middle-aged and elderly people. The early symptoms can only be emaciation, and then skin and mucous membrane pigmentation will gradually appear in the later stage. If accompanied by hypotension, hypoglycemia and hypothermia, the possibility of onset is greater. Detection of urine 17- hydroxyl and urine 17- corticosteroid is helpful for diagnosis.
Chronic digestive diseases, such as chronic gastritis, ulcer, chronic enteritis, chronic liver disease, chronic pancreatitis, etc. Due to digestion and absorption disorders, a large number of nutrients are lost, leading to malnutrition and emaciation.
Drug-induced emaciation of the elderly often suffers from a variety of diseases and takes a variety of drugs, including aminophylline, aspirin, erythromycin and so on. Can reduce appetite and make nutrient intake insufficient; Long-term use of laxatives such as fruit guide can affect the absorption function of intestine; Thyroxine tablets, thyrotropin and amphetamine sulfate can enhance metabolism and consumption. Therefore, drug factors are also an important reason for the elderly to lose weight.
Various heart diseases, such as coronary heart disease, pulmonary heart disease, hypertensive cardioencephalopathy, rheumatic heart disease, etc. , will lead to cardiac insufficiency, especially right heart insufficiency, will lead to gastrointestinal and liver congestion, gastrointestinal motility weakened, digestive enzyme secretion decreased, appetite decreased, digestion and absorption decreased, leading to weight loss.
In addition, chronic wasting diseases such as tuberculosis and parasitic diseases and autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid disease and systemic lupus erythematosus are also common causes of consumption.
Differential diagnosis between old age and emaciation age;
1, consumptive weight loss: refers to the performance of weight loss caused by consumptive diseases, which can be seen in tuberculosis, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, etc.
2. Systemic emaciation: refers to weight loss caused by diseases or certain factors, which is common in neuroendocrine and metabolic diseases, malignant tumors, chronic infections, digestive tract diseases, anorexia nervosa, severe trauma, burns, etc.
3. Simple emaciation: including physical emaciation and exogenous emaciation. Institutional consumption is mainly non-progressive consumption and has certain heredity. Exogenous emaciation is usually influenced by many factors such as diet, living habits and psychology. Eating habits such as insufficient food intake, partial eclipse, anorexia, missed meals, irregular life, lack of exercise, and psychological factors such as heavy work pressure, mental stress and excessive fatigue are all causes of exogenous weight loss. Simple upper body emaciation is a manifestation of progressive lipodystrophy. Progressive lipodystrophy is a rare disease of autonomic nervous system, which is characterized by metabolic disorder of adipose tissue. Its clinical and histological features are slow and progressive bilateral distribution, basically symmetrical boundaries, atrophy or disappearance of subcutaneous adipose tissue, and sometimes limited proliferation and hypertrophy of adipose tissue.
Unexplained emaciation of the elderly should not be taken lightly as a sign of health, but may actually be caused by some potential diseases in the body. Nowadays, the trend of slimming is prevalent. I would like to remind you old friends not to be confused by "money is hard to buy old and thin" and relax your vigilance against pathological emaciation.
Conclusion: The above is the diagnosis of aging and emaciation, how to deal with aging and emaciation, and more knowledge about aging and emaciation. Please continue to pay attention to the health network or search in the station for details.