There are two reasons why it is called Huayang here: First, it is named after its shape. Huayang ancient town is built in the middle, with ground buildings rising from the ground and east-west rivers meeting in the south. As the saying goes, Huayang looks like plowing at a height, so it is called "like China", and later its pronunciation evolved into Huayang; The second one is named after the place. In ancient China, people thought that Qinling Mountain was the center of the world and stood in the center of China, so it was called Taihua Mountain or Huashan Mountain. According to the ancient philosophy, the north of the mountain is called Yin, and Shan Zhinan is called Yang. Therefore, Huayin County was located in the north of Qinling Mountains and Huayang County was located in the south of Qinling Mountains in the Tang Dynasty. Shan Zhinan's vast mountains and rivers, such as Shaanxi, southern Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou, are all called "Huayang". With the inheritance of history, the area with the theme of "Huayang" is getting smaller and smaller, and finally it is lost in the dust of history. Only Huayang Ancient Town bears the history, and its name has been completely preserved, which shows the profound history of the ancient town. Once had the reputation of "Millennium ancient ship city, the first town in Qinling".
Huayang Ancient Town, located in the mountains, is a rare small basin in the Qinling Mountains, covering an area of about 7 square kilometers. It became a market town in Qin and Han Dynasties and a county government in Tang and Song Dynasties, with a history of more than 2,000 years. Historically, it was a famous ancient road station, an ancient military hub and an ancient economic and political center. The ancient Luoluo Road, which started before the Three Kingdoms, passes through here. It is the fastest and most dangerous ancient road from Chang 'an to Sichuan and southwest in history, and it can be called expressway in Qinling Mountains. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the old streets and theatres were unique in style, while the paved streets such as inns, pawn shops, restaurants and teahouses were preserved in their original appearance, and the cultural landscapes such as ancient city walls and ancient plank roads had a long history. Huayang County and Zhen Fu County were established here from the Tang Dynasty to the middle of the Ming Dynasty, which was the heyday of the ancient town. At that time, the permanent population here reached more than 30 thousand, and now the population of Huayang is only more than 7 thousand. From this figure, it is not difficult to imagine the prosperity of Huayang in those days.
Now everyone is standing in the entrance square of the ancient town, Huayangxing market in the thirty-third year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1694). There is a commercial street with doors, which is divided into four sections: Main Street, Qijia Street, Guan Hui Street and Xinjie Street. The total length is about 600 meters and the width is 5 meters. Added gravel pavement. Houses facing the street are all civil structures, and the architectural styles are south, north and miscellaneous. Generally speaking, business is ahead and life is behind. The backyard is close to the water, so go directly to the river to get water or wash clothes. Xia Jie has pawn shops, dye houses, post offices, hotels and meat racks. The old street is narrow and long, and it was used for business in the early years. In the most prosperous time, there are 1 1 provincial and municipal halls, where merchants gather and are very prosperous.
The ancient theater, built in the early Qing Dynasty, is about 8m high,15m long and12m wide. The plane is rectangular, with two floors, gray tiles on the roof, sloping corners and wind chimes. The three rooms are spacious, with fan-shaped screens and connected backstage. The ground floor is 1.5m high, with planks on it, the eaves are 1.4m deep, and the roof ridge is about 1.2m inward. On festivals, people gather here, beating gongs and drums, and singing famous Qin tunes on the stage. The square in front of the Opera House is called "Opera House Dam" by the masses, and it is a place for Huayang people to engage in entertainment activities and exchange materials. On March 1935, the Red 25th Army came to Huayang Long March and fought a fierce ambush in Shitahe, which is 5 kilometers away from Huayang Town1935, and won a great victory. So I held a celebration meeting at the dam of the Opera House to fight local tyrants. There used to be a Sanguan Temple directly opposite the theater, which was dedicated to "heavenly officials, local officials and water officials". People's wish is to pray for disaster, ward off evil spirits and ensure peace. There are more Sanguan temples in Guanzhong area and the north, but fewer in southern Shaanxi, but there are two in Yangxian County, and the other is Yishui River Dam outside the west gate of Yangxian County, mainly. The Sanguan Temple in Huayang Street is mainly to drive away the "Shan Yao Water Monster" and pray for the gods in Sanguan Temple to bless Huayang people's good fortune and well-being.
Walking in the ancient town, it is not difficult to find that the plaques carved on the lintel all contain profound philosophies, such as "generation after generation has survived, the virtuous people have survived, and the iron cage is loose", which shows a heavy cultural history. Black wooden door pavement, gray tiles, quiet streets, strange prints, exquisite wood carvings, blue bricks and gray tiles, flowers hanging on the doors, exudes a strong flavor of southern Shaanxi dwellings.
Now we are in the Gong Square of the ancient town, where the east and west rivers meet to form the Youshui River, which looks like a bow. Ancient poets often said: "The city is in the mountains, the city is in the boat, and thousands of miles of fireworks are gathered in one boat." There is a pagoda above, which is the mouth of an ancient road, and there is a lock throat of Kuilou below. On both sides of the mountain ring, the government walks and the water circles three times. Don't go to the nameless land of Huayang, the stone is like a lying ox. "Huayang is described in the poem, and its eight landscapes are outlined." The city is in the mountains, and the boat is in the boat ". "City" refers to Huayang ancient castle, with civil and military yamen and moat built in Qing Dynasty, and "City" refers to Huayang old street. "A boat full of fireworks" describes the bustling scene of this street in the Tang Dynasty; A tower on a tower is an ancient ship "refers to an ancient pagoda built across Huayang Bridge and Dongshui River. The pagoda was built in the 30th year of Qing Qianlong (1760), with a height of 13m. It is a square brick tower with a vase-shaped top, and the height and diameter of each floor gradually decrease from bottom to top. Above the second floor, there are Buddhist niches on all sides of each floor, including stone Buddha statues and 40 Buddhist niches. This tower used to be called the town water tower. Because the ancient town of Huayang is like a stranded ship, the ancient dragons of the East and West Rivers committed crimes, and floods often flooded farmland and houses. So the tower was built on top of Furukawa town, like the mast of a ship, so a rising tide lifts all boats. Since the tower was built, under the impact of numerous floods, Huayang ancient town has been safe and sound so far. "There is a Kuilou Lock Wild Crossing" means that there is a Kuixing Building on the Youshui River in the south of the town 1 km, which can resist navigation and avoid disasters; There is a general lying on the mountain in the stone, which means that the boulder at the general bridge is like a mighty general, and the helmsman is in charge of the navigation.
Standing on the wind and rain bridge of Xihe River, you can see the ruins of Deyige on the river bank. It is a circular three-story attic built in the third year of Tang Jianzhong (AD 782). It is called Deyi Pavilion, with carved beams and painted columns, which is gorgeous and spectacular. It is a good place to cross the bridge and view the mountains in ancient times, and it is also a good place for business travelers to greet literati and send poems. The Luoluo Ancient Road, one of the "four ancient roads" crossing the Qinling Mountains, passes through here. It began in the Han and Wei Dynasties and flourished in the Tang Dynasty. The Luoluo Ancient Road starts from Luoshui, Yangxian County and ends at Luoyukou, Zhouzhi, with a total length of 240 kilometers. At that time, the mountainous area was expressway, which was an important historical and cultural landscape on the ancient Shu Road Heritage Corridor. The prosperity and changes in history left many cultural sites and cultural relics around the post road, which became an important node on the ancient road. As it is the closest of the "Four Ancient Roads" to Chang 'an, Luo Luo Lu in the Tang Dynasty officially became the official postal avenue, which is the traffic lifeline connecting the capital Chang 'an with Hanzhong, Sichuan and the whole southwest region. In the Tang Dynasty, there were not only dignitaries, businessmen, peddlers, postmen, but also literati and poets on the Luoluo Road, and they often came and went, leaving many excellent poems, mainly including Du Fu's Crossing Luogu, Bai Juyi's Going to Luokou Station on Business, and Yuan Zhen's Looking at Yi Yun. During the Three Kingdoms period, both Jiang Wei, general of Shu Han and Cao Shuang, general of Cao Wei, used this method. In the Tang Dynasty, two emperors, Tang Dezong and Tang Xizong, fled the war disaster through Luo Luo Lu. By the river, on the stone steps on the south bank of Xihe River, drill holes in the north-south direction. It is the site of Luo Luo Lu, with a total length of 6 meters, circular overlapping holes 12, two rows, with a diameter of 0.2 meters and a depth of 0.22 meters. The hole spacing is 0.9 meters, and the holes are rough. In those days, wooden pillars were erected on the caves, and wooden bridges with holes were built on the pillars, with guardrails on both sides. There is a cliff stone carving of "Deyige" at the cliff of Jiangjunqiao. It is engraved with the words "three years of construction, building this proud pavilion, and celebrating the town, and Zhang Daxia and stonemason Shen of our time". We can't clearly identify the historical wind and frost, but the rubbings of stone carvings of that year are kept in our museum, which is the only physical information about the Luoluo ancient road left since the Tang Dynasty.
Huayang is not only beautiful in mountains and rivers, lush in trees and more beautiful in people. The people here are simple, kind and hospitable. When you are tired here, just walk into a farmhouse, and the enthusiastic host will take down a hanging of smoked black, yellow, yellow and red dried bacon to entertain the guests, and will also serve their own corn wine. Here, you can drink freely, forget trivial troubles, enjoy the breath of the ancient town and enjoy the evergreen landscape.