1. The first stage of labor (uterine opening)

The uterus begins to contract until the cervix is completely opened, which takes the primipara about 12 to 14 hours. It takes about six to eight hours for a woman who has given birth.

(1) Early delivery: fetal movement is not obvious, and some pregnant mothers may not know that delivery has started. Usually, the frequency of contractions at this time is 5-30 minutes 1 time, and each time lasts for 30-45 seconds.

(2) Active phase: At this time, the frequency of uterine contraction is about 1 time, once every 3-5 minutes, each time lasting 45-60 seconds, and the active phase will last about 3-4 hours. Uterine contraction, like waves, pushes downward from above the uterus or spreads from back to front. The peak of these waves will appear in the middle of uterine contraction, and then gradually ease down. During this period, the cervix will open 4 to 8 cm. The fetal head falls below the pelvis, so it will squeeze the amniotic membrane and the amniotic fluid will flow out.

(3) transition period: that is, the process of starting the baby. This period is the most painful and shortest in the process of delivery, usually only 15 ~ 90 minutes. The labor pains are about one or two minutes apart and last for about 40 to 90 seconds at a time. During this period, breathing or imagination taught by nurses before delivery should be used to relieve pain.

2. The second stage of labor (fetal delivery)

Open the cervix completely until the fetus comes out. It takes about 1 to 2 hours for a woman to give birth for the first time, and it can be completed within 1 hour if she has given birth.

(1) When your intuition tells you to push, push as hard as you can. Don't wait for the midwife to tell you to push, and don't push too hard. Short (5 ~ 6 seconds) repeated (3 ~ 4 contractions each time) hard. After each short push, exhale and take a deep breath to fill the lungs with new air and prepare for the next push.

(2) Push hard and the labia will begin to protrude. After a while, the doctor can see the appearance of a small wrinkled scalp, which will retract when the contraction stops and will appear again the next time. When the labia and perineum are pulled, there will be tingling and burning sensation. This tingling is a signal that the body wants you to stop exerting yourself. After a few minutes, the pressure on the baby's head will naturally paralyze your skin and the burning will disappear. After several contractions, the baby's head will turn as the shoulder passes under the pubic bone. After several contractions, the baby will slip out. Then you will hear the baby crying for the first time.

3. The third stage of labor (placenta delivery period)

After the fetus is delivered, the uterus continues to contract, and the water-stripped placenta is delivered. It takes about 5 to 15 minutes.

The uterus contracted slightly, and when the placenta was born, I felt something excreted, which was painless and colic. If the perineum is cut or lacerated, the doctor may have to finish the suture work. In order to facilitate suture, the doctor will inject local anesthetic, so it may sting a little.

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