Alias cold melon, melon and brocade litchi.
Cold and bitter in nature; Entering heart meridian and liver meridian.
Has the effects of clearing away heat, relieving summer-heat, improving eyesight, removing toxic substances, promoting diuresis and cooling blood, and can be used for treating fever, polydipsia, heatstroke, erysipelas, conjunctival congestion, dysentery, oliguria and other diseases.
Every 100g nutrient contains protein 1.2g, fat 0. 1g, carbohydrate 3g, potassium 343mg, sodium 1.8mg, phosphorus 36mg, carotene 0.08mg, nicotinic acid 0.8mg and thiamine 0.0/kloc. In addition, it contains crude fiber, momordicin, momordicin and other substances.
food therapy
1. Promote diet, diminish inflammation and reduce fever. Bitter gourd and bitter taste in bitter gourd can stimulate appetite, strengthen spleen and increase appetite; Quinine, an alkaloid substance contained in it, has the functions of diuresis and blood circulation, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic, and clearing away heart fire and improving eyesight.
2. Anti-cancer and anti-cancer bitter gourd protein components and a lot of vitamin C can improve the immune function of the body and make immune cells kill cancer cells; Bitter gourd juice contains protein components similar to quinine, which can enhance the phagocytosis of macrophages and is effective in treating lymphosarcoma and leukemia. Trypsin inhibitor extracted from bitter gourd seeds can inhibit the protease secreted by cancer cells and prevent the growth of malignant tumors.
3. Hypoglycemic Momordica charantia fresh juice contains momordicin and insulin-like substances, which has a good hypoglycemic effect and is an ideal food for diabetic patients.
Healthy diet
1. Bitter gourd mixed with celery each150g, sesame paste and garlic paste. Peel the bitter gourd, remove the pulp, cut it into filaments, blanch it with boiling water, rinse it with cold water, drain the water, then mix celery and bitter gourd, add seasoning and mix well. This dish has the effect of cooling liver and lowering blood pressure, and is suitable for hypertensive patients with hyperactivity of liver yang.
2. There are 1 bitter gourd in balsam pear tea, and appropriate amount of green tea. Cut the upper end of bitter gourd, dig out the pulp, add green tea, and hang the melon in a cool and ventilated place; Pick bitter gourd dried in the shade, wash it, chop it with tea leaves, mix it evenly, put 10g into a cup, and brew it with boiling water for drinking. The tea has the effects of clearing away heat, relieving summer heat, promoting diuresis and relieving restlessness, and is suitable for heatstroke, fever, thirst and irritability.
3. Bitter gourd juice 500 grams of fresh bitter gourd. First, wash and slice the bitter gourd, add 250 ml of water to the pot and cook for about 10 minute until the melon is ripe. Eat melons and drink juice. This fruit juice has the effect of clearing away heat and improving eyesight, and is suitable for people with liver fire and red eyes and pain.
4. Bitter gourd mud juice raw bitter gourd three, sugar 60 grams. Wash the bitter gourd first, mash it into mud, add sugar and mix well. After 2 hours, squeeze out the juice and cool it once. This juice has the effects of clearing away heat, promoting diuresis and inducing resuscitation, and is suitable for deafness, ear swelling and pain, red tongue with yellow fur, and short and red urine caused by damp-heat disturbance.
Note: Bitter gourd is cool, and it is not suitable for people with spleen and stomach deficiency. Edible
Because glucoside can stimulate the secretion of saliva and gastric juice, eating bitter gourd can stimulate appetite and help digestion.
Bitter gourd, as a vegetable, is mainly eaten as tender melon, which has a refreshing and bitter taste. Mature melons are bloody, sweet and delicious, and are eaten as fruits in a few areas. India, Southeast Asia, Indonesia and the Philippines also eat its buds, leaves and flowers. Bitter gourd, as a dish, has the reputation of "gentleman's dish", which is named because its bitterness does not pollute other foods when frying, boiling, brewing or making soup with the main course.
Medicinal value
Chinese medicine believes that bitter gourd is sweet, cold and non-toxic. Old melons are red in color and sweet in taste. Returning to the heart, spleen, intestine and stomach has the effects of "clearing away heat and relieving exterior syndrome, eliminating fatigue, clearing heart and improving eyesight". Its seeds can benefit qi and strengthen yang, and its roots, vines and leaves can be used as medicine. Indications are heatstroke, fever, vexation and thirst, stomach toxicity, damp-heat dysentery, vomiting and diarrhea, hematuria and diabetes.
Hypoglycemic effect Indian scientists have found that there is a chemical called "polypeptide -P" in bitter gourd, which is as effective as insulin for diabetes and can be used as a substitute for diabetes treatment. The material basis can include steroidal glycosides, saponins and peptides.
Anti-tumor effect Japanese and American scientists have found that bitter gourd protein contained in bitter gourd is a bioactive protein, which can improve the immune function of the body and promote immune cells to destroy cancer cells. This protein lipid substance may become a new drug to treat cancer. The active ingredients are mainly protein and saponin.
Antiviral effect Momordica charantia has anti-HIV effect, and antiviral protein MAP30 is expected to be developed into a new drug for treating AIDS.
Anti-fertility effect Indonesian doctors found that bitter gourd contains a contraceptive substance, and α-momordicin and β-momordicin can cause abortion or teratogenesis in pregnant rats in the early and middle stages.
Antimicrobial effect Momordica charantia extract has antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli.
Other pharmacological effects: immunity, anti-lipolysis and analgesia.
Convenient formula for dietotherapy and medicine of bitter gourd
Convenient recipe for dietotherapy
250g bitter gourd, cut off the pulp, sliced or shredded, stir-fried with lard, seasoned with appropriate amount of ginger, onion and salt, has the functions of clearing away heat, improving eyesight, nourishing liver, strengthening spleen and tonifying kidney. Can be used for treating asthenia, eye diseases, and asthenia due to spleen deficiency.
Cut bitter gourd into shreds or slices, soak it in cold water for a few minutes to remove bitterness, then stir-fry it in boiling water, and add seasonings according to your own taste. This bitter gourd dish has the function of relieving summer heat and is suitable for people who are upset and thirsty, hot and weak in summer. If you add some coriander and lobster sauce, the effect of clearing heat and removing fire will be better.
Momordica charantia L. 150g, washed, shredded or minced, and boiled with 50g rice to make porridge, which can be used for treating dysentery. If you add some purslane and day lily, the effect will be better.
Fresh bitter gourd 200g, peeled and cut into pieces, pork lean meat 100g cut into pieces, added with appropriate amount of water to make soup, seasoned with a little salt, and eating bitter gourd lean meat in soup can clear away heat and detoxify. Folk medicine is used to treat common cold, polydipsia, summer furuncle, excessive miliaria, conjunctivitis, etc.
Chop chicken wings, put them in a bowl, add ginger juice, yellow wine, soy sauce, white sugar, salt and bean powder, stir well, blanch in boiling water for a while, take out, fry in a hot oil pan until cooked, pour washed and diced bitter gourd into chicken wings, stir-fry together, and then add ginger slices and a little water to stew until cooked. Has effect in clearing away live heat, improving eyesight, invigorating kidney, invigorating spleen, relieve fever and relieving restlessness.
3.2 Convenient prescription for medicine
3.2. 1 1 Fresh bitter gourd for heatstroke prevention and fever reduction, cut into two sections, remove the pulp, put the tea together, hang it in a ventilated and cool place to dry, each time 10 ~ 15g, take it with water or brew it with boiled water as tea.
3.2.2 1 Fresh bitter gourd for treating vexation and thirst, cut open to remove pulp, slice and decoct in water.
3.2.3 Treatment of summer cold and fever: dry bitter gourd 15g, lotus root with scallion 10g, ginger 6g, decoction.
3.2.4 Treat influenza with cooked and edible bitter gourd pulp.
3.2.5 Treatment of eye pain: dry bitter gourd 15g, chrysanthemum 10g, decocted in water.
3.2.6 Treat bitter gourd with proper amount of fire and boiled water, 2 ~ 3 times a day. Or use 50g bitter gourd flower to dry and grind into powder, and take it twice.
3.2.7 Treat dysentery with appropriate amount of fresh bitter gourd or bitter gourd flower, mash to get juice, add appropriate amount of honey, add 5g of red yeast for dysentery, add Liuyi Powder 10g for dysentery, and take it with boiling water. Or dry bitter gourd vine and grind it into fine powder, 3g each time, 6h 1 time, and take it with boiling water.
3.2.8 Treatment of carbuncle swelling Clean and mash fresh bitter gourd or stem and leaf, and apply it to the affected area to reduce inflammation and swelling.
3.2.9 Treat 150g fresh bitter gourd root with blood in stool and decoct in water.
3.2. 10 can be used as an auxiliary therapeutic agent for 20g of typhoid fever and bitter gourd head, and white sugar can be added after decoction.
3.2. 1 1 eczema. Mash bitter gourd leaves and apply them to the affected area.
3.2. 12 Treatment of infantile diarrhea: Remove the roots of bitter gourd vines, dry them in the shade, dry them with slow fire or dry them in the sun, grind them into powder, and take them for 3-5d each time.
3.2. 13 for toothache caused by wind and fire, the bitter gourd leaves are decocted and washed, and then coated with rice sugar oil.
3.2. 14 Bitter gourd seeds for impotence are fried and ground into powder, each time 10g, and served with yellow wine. Three times a day, 10d is a course of treatment.
3.2. 15 The stems and leaves of Momordica charantia can be mashed for external use, and can be used to treat water scald, eczema dermatitis and snake bite.
References:
Deng Jianying, Fang Fengxue, Cheng Liang (Vegetable Research Center of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007)