Gymnastics teaching method: refers to the general name of teaching and learning methods and means adopted by teachers and students in gymnastics teaching to achieve teaching objectives and complete teaching tasks.
Help: In gymnastics practice, the helper can help, signal or place marks and restrictions on the exerciser in time, which can help the exerciser to establish a correct concept of action more quickly and better master, improve and improve the movement technique.
Introduction time of gymnastics: 1840 Opium War
Ways to introduce gymnastics: church system and military school
Competitive gymnastics is divided into: competitive gymnastics, acrobatics, competitive aerobics, trampoline and rhythmic gymnastics.
Characteristics of gymnastics terminology: correct, concise and easy to understand.
Basic direction: according to the standard when the human body stands upright, it is divided into front, back, left, right, up and down.
Internal: the midline of human limbs.
F: Stay away from the midline of human body.
Special note: In any case, the direction of the limbs is determined by their relationship with the upper body, not by the relationship between the limbs and the ground.
Writing order: generally from top to bottom, write in the order of lower limbs, upper limbs, upper body and head.
Demonstration form: mirror, side and back.
Basic gymnastics: queue formation exercise, unarmed gymnastics, light instrument gymnastics, special instrument gymnastics, bodybuilding gymnastics.
Concern: 1. Set the formation according to the situation. 2. Easy to observe and command. 3. The interval and distance should be appropriate. 4. Avoid external interference.
The factors that affect the effect of unarmed gymnastics are body posture, direction, route, amplitude, speed, frequency and rhythm.
Gymnastics teaching principle: 1. Quality leading principle II. Principle 3 of skill integrity. Safety principle 4. Aesthetic principles.
Teaching methods of gymnastics movements: intuitive method, language method and practice method.
Model law: complete model law, decomposition model law, slow model law, comparative model law and leading practice.
Language methods: explanation, questioning, prompting, password and evaluation.
Practice methods: complete method and decomposition method
Repeated practice: continuous repeated practice and intermittent repeated practice.
Change the practice method: change the action time, change the action space, change the external conditions, play and competition methods.
According to the characteristics of gymnastics and its effect on people, it can be divided into: 1. Queue formation exercise 2. Unarmed gymnastics 3. Light instrument gymnastics iv. Skill exercise 5. Instrumental gymnastics 6. Support jump 7. Practical gymnastics 8. Floor exercise 9. Aerobics 10. Rhythmic gymnastics 1 1. Trampoline.
According to the purpose and task of gymnastics: 1. Mass gymnastics II. Competitive gymnastics iii. Performing gymnastics.
Creative principle: 1. Have a clear purpose. 2. Have clear pertinence. 3. Be scientific and creative.
Correct application demonstration
① Demonstration requirements: correct posture, accurate direction, clear route, reasonable rhythm and coordinated movements of all parts of the body.
(2) the location of the demonstration: it should be decided according to the formation and number of people practicing. When approaching to do the problem, you should generally stand on the left or center of the column 1/3. Gymnastics positioning should generally stand at the top of an equilateral triangle, and a circle or semicircle should stand at the center of the circle. If there are many people and the formation is large, we should stand in a higher position to demonstrate.
Significance and function of protection and help
1. It is helpful for practitioners to reduce their psychological burden, eliminate their worries, enhance their confidence, establish a correct concept of action as soon as possible, master action techniques and improve the amount of action.
2. It can effectively protect and help maintain the safety of practitioners and achieve the purpose of preventing sports injuries.
3. It can cultivate the sense of responsibility between practitioners, make practitioners form a good style of helping each other, and at the same time enhance the feelings between teachers and students.
Requirements for protectors and helpers: 1. Have a high sense of responsibility. 2. Understand the situation of practitioners. 3. Be familiar with motor skills.
4. Master excellent protection and help skills.
Release time: 1. Correct technology and high success rate. 2. Good physical strength and strong self-protection ability. 3. Clear and correct sense of movement.
Characteristics of gymnastics teaching: 1. Protection and help are widely used in teaching. 2. It is often necessary to eliminate students' fear. 3. Diversification of teaching methods and means. 4. Standardization of teaching process.
Teaching process of gymnastics movements: 1. Stage 2 of initially establishing the concept of sports. Improve the quality of sports stage 3. Consolidate the stage of improving motor skills.
The basic gymnastics competitions in schools are usually set as follows: chief referee 1, deputy referee 1 (also the chief recorder), chief referee 1~2, referee 4~ 10, recorder 1~2, recorder, announcer and passer/.
Scoring method of the referee group: 1. Comprehensive evaluation II. Combined with comprehensive evaluation 3. Division evaluation.
Scoring method and determination of final score
The basic gymnastics competition will be scored according to the proportion of 100% or 10%, and the mistakes will be deducted by 0. 1 or 0.5. These methods are 1. Cumulative average method II. Fraction accumulation method 3. Intermediate scoring method.
Deduction standard: 1. Omission action: deduct the corresponding score of correction action. 2. Additional actions: 0.2~0.3 points for men; Female deducted 0.3 points 3. Change the direction of action: deduct 0.2 points; 4. Change the order of actions: the actions done in advance are regarded as addition, and the actions to be done later are regarded as ellipsis. 5. Action redone: In principle, 6. A group of actions interrupted by the drop of the action terminal cannot be repeated, but if you continue to do the following actions within 30s, 0.8 points will be deducted for each drop. 7. Minor mistakes will be deducted 0. 1 point, mistakes will be deducted 0.2 point, and mistakes will be deducted 0.3 point.
The composition of the competitive referee group: male: technical assistance plus 1 referee in group A, and 6 referees in group B.
Responsibility: Group A determines the initial score; Group B: Wrong deduction.
Female: Group A consists of two judges. Are you sure? Answer? Division and a set of action content
Group B consists of six judges.
International large-scale competitive gymnastics competitions include: Olympic Games, World Gymnastics Championships and World Cup Gymnastics Finals.
Horizontal bar: running with your knees hanging? Ride the front ring? Swing the hind legs forward, turn 180? Support? Support loopback? Houbaixia
Parallel bars: flexion and extension? Support back swing 180? Sitting on your lap? Scroll bar? Stand with your legs together on your shoulders? Roll forward and split your legs, hold one leg high on the bar, and swing back 180? Sitting on your lap? Front leg back swing forward swing internal rotation 180? under