Common sense of fabric composition 1. What is the common sense of fabrics?
Some common sense of fabrics:
Characteristics of fabrics-each fabric has its own characteristics, which is its own condition and performance. The characteristics of materials can be divided into fiber raw materials, weaving methods, texture, weight, feel, finishing and wearing, and cleaning performance. Briefly explain the weave, texture, weight and wearability of the fabric. 1, knitting method: fabrics include woven fabrics and knitted fabrics. Most of our clothes are woven. The most common woven fabrics are plain weave and twill weave, which refer to the fabric body structure with orderly interwoven yarns, which is related to the texture, weight and feel of the fabric. 2. Texture: Each material has its own organizational structure, which will produce different tactile/visual effects due to different materials and weaving methods. Such as: smooth and shiny cotton cloth, soft and light yarn materials, etc. An original cosplay dress pays great attention to texture, so you must be careful when choosing cloth. It's best to discuss the cutting methods and materials with the tailor. 3. Weight: The weight of cloth usually refers to G/M (grams per meter). Needless to say, if you want a more elegant effect, you should choose a lighter fabric, and vice versa. Such as coats, skirts, pants, etc. Usually made of heavier fabrics, while shirts are made of lighter fabrics. In addition, fabrics are also closely related to seasons. Heavy fabrics are basically used in autumn and winter, and light fabrics are basically used in spring and summer. 4. Wearability and cleaning performance: Wearability refers to whether clothes are durable, and cleaning performance refers to whether clothes can be washed by machine or need hand washing or dry cleaning. This is very important for everyday clothes, but it is generally negligible for cosplay clothes. Sometimes in order to achieve the original BT effect, it is necessary to use troublesome fabrics, and clothes are not worn often, which will sacrifice the wearability and the convenience of cleaning. I'd like to introduce a website to you casually, hoping it will help you:
2. Composition analysis of several common clothing fabrics.
The texture of clothing materials directly affects the quality and comfort of clothing, so it must be carefully selected before buying. However, with the improvement of production technology, it is sometimes difficult to see what is the composition of the fabric of the current clothing, and it can only be judged by the fabric composition on the trademark. But what do we know about the ingredients and materials that claim to be a few percent? Here, I'd like to introduce some common components of clothing materials. If you have any misunderstanding about the composition of clothes, make up a lesson quickly.
1 cotton
Cotton has a wide range of uses and can be used to make fashion, casual wear and underwear. It is a high-grade pure natural material of wool, silk and hemp. Healthy and environmentally friendly, gentle and skin-friendly, with good warmth retention, hygroscopicity and air permeability. The more cotton fibers, the better the quality and the higher the price. But cotton has the disadvantage of easy shrinkage and wrinkling. Fortunately, many brands of cotton-padded jacket have been washed.
2, spandex spandex spandex
The scientific name of spandex is polyurethane elastic fiber, which interweaves with other fibers to make the fabric have good elasticity. It is usually used to make elastic fibers such as underwear, swimsuits, jeans and sportswear.
3. Leica
Lycra elastic fiber is an artificial elastic fiber exclusively invented and produced by DuPont Company of the United States. It not only fits comfortably and moves freely, but also has better stability, longer elasticity and superior wrinkle resilience than ordinary spandex. It is the first choice fabric for close-fitting clothes.
4.modal Dai Mo
Modal is a kind of natural green fiber produced from wood pulp, and it is also a new fabric. It has silky luster, soft and comfortable feel, 50% higher hygroscopicity than cotton, and good shape retention.
5, nylon nylon
Nylon, also known as nylon, belongs to industrial synthetic fiber. Nylon has the characteristics of high strength, wear resistance and good resilience, but the fiber strength will decrease after long-term sun exposure, so clothes containing nylon fibers should try to avoid long-term sun exposure.
6, polyester polyester
Polyester is a synthetic fiber with high strength, good elasticity, wear and heat resistance, smooth surface and corrosion resistance, which is widely used. Different processing methods can be used to blend wool-like, silk-like, hemp-like, deerskin-like fabrics, but polyester clothing should not be in contact with high-temperature alkaline substances.
7. Acrylic
Acrylic fiber, commonly known as "artificial wool", is soft and fluffy, bright in color, excellent in light resistance and mildew resistance, but poor in wear resistance, hygroscopicity and stain resistance, and is often used in outdoor clothing, swimwear and children's wear.
8. flax flax
Flax is a kind of natural fiber, which is soft and cool, fast in moisture absorption and perspiration, and antistatic. It is the first choice for summer clothing fabrics.
9. viscose fiber
Viscose fiber is made of natural fiber through chemical processing. Common viscose fibers can be divided into cotton type, long type and filament type, commonly known as rayon, rayon and rayon. Viscose fiber can take on different shapes after different textile processing.
10, wool wool
Wool is a kind of high-grade natural fiber, which is soft and plump, elastic, hygroscopic, warm and comfortable to wear. Many people think that pure wool is 100% wool, which is incorrect. In order to enhance the durability of the fabric, some non-wool fibers of polyester or nylon are added, and the price is lower than 100% wool within a certain range. 1 1, silk
There are many kinds of fabrics made of silk, which are often used in women's wear. They are light, soft, smooth, breathable, shiny, noble and elegant, and can be divided into silk and rayon. Domestic silk adopts a unified product number, which consists of five digits, the first digit represents the raw materials used in the goods; The second digit represents the fabric structure of the goods, followed by the serial number of the goods. Before this number, capital letters represent the origin of the goods. Silk raw material code: "1" stands for real silk, including mulberry silk, mulberry tussah interwoven varieties, double palace silk and mulberry silk, which account for more than 50% of mulberry silk; "2" stands for synthetic fiber; "3" stands for the blend of natural fiber and short fiber; "4" stands for tussah silk; "5" stands for rayon; "6" stands for filament interweaving of two or more raw materials, or filament interweaving of short silk size; "7" stands for quilt cover.
Code of origin of silk products: B is Beijing, C is Sichuan, D is Liaoning, E is Hubei, G is Guangdong, H is Zhejiang, J is Jiangxi, K is Jiangsu, M is Fujian, N is Guangxi, Q is Shaanxi, S is Shanghai, T is Tianjin, V is Henan, W is Anhui and X is Hunan.
3. Basic fabric knowledge of clothing
Clothing fabric knowledge Clothing fabric is the material used to make clothes.
Fabric, as one of the three elements of clothing, can not only interpret the style and characteristics of clothing, but also directly affect the performance effect of clothing color and modeling. In the world of clothing, the fabrics of clothing are varied and changing with each passing day.
But generally speaking, high-quality and high-grade fabrics are characterized by comfortable wearing, sweat absorption and breathability, crisp drape, noble vision and soft touch. For formal social occasions, cotton, wool, silk and linen should be chosen.
Most of the clothes made of these four pure natural fabrics are of high grade. Sometimes, clothes made of pure leather are allowed.
Let's briefly introduce the modeling characteristics of fabrics with different materials and their application in fashion design. 1. Soft fabrics Soft fabrics are generally light and thin, with good drapability, smooth modeling lines and naturally stretched clothing contours.
Soft fabrics mainly include knitted fabrics and silk fabrics with dispersed fabric structure, as well as soft and light linen fabrics. Soft knitted fabrics often adopt linear and concise modeling to reflect the beautiful curves of human body in clothing design; Silk, linen and other fabrics often appear in loose and wrinkled shapes, showing the sense of flow of fabric lines.
2. Cool fabric. Cool fabrics have clear lines and three-dimensional sense, which can form a full clothing outline. There are cotton cloth, polyester cotton cloth, corduroy, linen cloth and various medium-thick woolen cloth and chemical fiber fabrics. These fabrics can be used in designs that highlight the accuracy of clothing modeling, such as suits and suits.
3. Glossy fabrics Glossy fabrics have a smooth surface, can reflect light and have a sense of luster. This kind of fabric includes satin fabric.
Most commonly used in evening dresses or stage costumes, it produces a gorgeous and dazzling strong visual effect. Smooth fabrics have a wide range of modeling freedom in the performance of dresses, which can have simple design or exaggerated modeling methods.
4. Heavy fabrics Heavy fabrics are thick and scraped, which can produce stable modeling effects, including various thick woolen fabrics and quilted fabrics. Its fabric has a sense of body expansion, so it is not suitable to use too much pleating and stacking. In design, A-type and H-type shapes are the most suitable.
5. Transparent fabrics Transparent fabrics are light and transparent, with elegant and mysterious artistic effects. Including cotton, silk and chemical fiber fabrics, such as georgette, satin silk and chemical fiber lace.
In order to show the transparency of fabrics, H-shaped and frustum-shaped designs with natural and full lines are often adopted. Below, briefly introduce the characteristics of common clothing fabrics.
1, cotton cloth is the floorboard of all kinds of cotton textiles. Mostly used to make fashion, casual wear, underwear and shirts.
Its advantages are easy to keep warm, soft and close-fitting, moisture absorption and air permeability. Its disadvantage is that it is easy to shrink and wrinkle, and its appearance is not crisp and beautiful, so it must be ironed often when wearing it.
2. Hemp is a kind of cloth made of hemp, flax, ramie, jute, sisal, banana and other hemp plant fibers. Generally used to make casual clothes and work clothes, now it is also used to make ordinary summer clothes.
Its advantages are extremely high strength, good hygroscopicity, thermal conductivity and air permeability. Its disadvantages are uncomfortable to wear and rough and stiff appearance.
3. Silk is the general name of all kinds of silk fabrics woven from silk. Like cotton cloth, it has many varieties and different personalities.
It can be used to make all kinds of clothes, especially women's clothes. Its advantages are light, healthy, soft, smooth, breathable, colorful, shiny, elegant and comfortable.
Its disadvantages are easy to wrinkle, easy to absorb, not strong enough and fast fading. Wool fabric, also called wool fabric, is the general name of all kinds of fabrics made of wool and cashmere.
Usually suitable for making formal and high-grade clothes such as dresses, suits and coats. Its advantages are wrinkle resistance, wear resistance, soft feel, elegance, flexibility and warmth.
Its main disadvantage is that it is difficult to wash and is not suitable for summer clothes. 5. Leather is a kind of tanned animal fur fabric.
Mostly used to make fashion and winter clothes. It can also be divided into two categories: one is leather, that is, leather that has been depilated.
The second kind is fur, which is treated leather with fur. Its advantages are lightness, warmth and elegance.
Its disadvantages are high price, high requirements for storage and care, and it is not suitable for popularization. 6. Chemical fiber is short for chemical fiber.
This is a fiber textile made of polymer. Usually divided into two categories: man-made fibers and synthetic fibers.
Their advantages are bright colors, soft texture, crisp drape, smoothness and comfort. Their disadvantages are poor wear resistance, heat resistance, hygroscopicity and air permeability, easy to deform when heated and easy to generate static electricity.
Although it can be used to make all kinds of clothes, the overall grade is not high and it is difficult to be elegant. 7. Blending is a fabric made of natural fibers and chemical fibers in a certain proportion, which can be used to make various clothes.
Its advantages are that it not only absorbs the respective advantages of cotton, hemp, silk, wool and chemical fiber, but also avoids their respective disadvantages as much as possible, and its value is relatively cheap, so it is very popular. You can look at Lily's clothes.
4. Composition analysis of several common clothing fabrics
The texture of clothing materials directly affects the quality and comfort of clothing, so it must be carefully selected before buying. However, with the improvement of production technology, it is sometimes difficult to see what is the composition of the fabric of the current clothing, and it can only be judged by the fabric composition on the trademark. But what do we know about the ingredients and materials that claim to be a few percent? Here, I'd like to introduce some common components of clothing materials. If you have any misunderstanding about the composition of clothes, make up a lesson quickly.
1, cotton is widely used, and can be used to make fashion, casual wear and underwear. It is a high-grade pure natural material of wool, silk and hemp. Health and environmental protection, mild and skin-friendly, with good warmth retention, hygroscopicity and air permeability. The more cotton fibers, the higher the grade and the higher the price. But cotton has the disadvantage of easy shrinkage and wrinkling. 2. Spandex Spandex Spandex is the scientific name of polyurethane elastic fiber. After interweaving with other fibers, the fabric has good elasticity and is usually used to make elastic fibers such as underwear, swimsuits, jeans and sportswear.
3. Lycra elastic fiber is an artificial elastic fiber exclusively invented and produced by DuPont Company of the United States. It not only fits comfortably and moves freely, but also has better stability, longer elasticity and superior wrinkle resistance than ordinary spandex. It is the first choice fabric for close-fitting clothes. 4. Modal Modal is a kind of natural green fiber produced from wood pulp and a new fabric. It has silky luster, soft and comfortable feel, 50% higher hygroscopicity than cotton, and good shape retention.
5. Nylon Nylon, also known as nylon, belongs to synthetic fibers produced in industry. Nylon has the characteristics of high strength, good wear resistance and good resilience, but the fiber strength will decrease after long-term sun exposure, so clothes containing nylon fibers should try to avoid long-term sun exposure. 6. Polyester Polyester Polyester is a synthetic fiber with high strength, good elasticity, wear and heat resistance, smooth surface, corrosion resistance and wide application. Wool-like, silk-like, hemp-like and deerskin-like fabrics can be blended by different processes, but polyester clothing should not be in contact with high-temperature alkaline substances.
7. Acrylic pressure acrylic pressure acrylic pressure acrylic pressure acrylic pressure acrylic pressure acrylic pressure acrylic pressure acrylic pressure acrylic pressure acrylic pressure acrylic pressure acrylic pressure acrylic pressure acrylic pressure acrylic pressure acrylic pressure acrylic pressure acrylic pressure acrylic pressure acrylic pressure. It is the first choice for summer clothing fabrics.
9. Viscose fiber Viscose fiber is made of natural fiber by chemical processing. Ordinary viscose fibers are divided into cotton type, long type and filament type, commonly known as artificial cotton, artificial wool and rayon. Viscose fiber can take on different shapes after different textile processing. 10, wool wool is a kind of high-grade natural fiber, which has soft and plump feel, good elasticity, strong hygroscopicity, good warmth retention and comfortable wearing. Many people think that pure wool is 100% wool, which is incorrect. In order to enhance the durability of the fabric, some non-wool fibers of polyester or nylon are added, and the specific proportion is within a certain range, and the price is also higher than 6544.
165438+ The second digit represents the fabric structure of the goods, followed by the serial number of the goods. Before this number, capital letters represent the origin of the goods. Silk raw material code: "1" stands for real silk, including mulberry silk, mulberry tussah interwoven varieties, double palace silk and mulberry silk, which account for more than 50% of mulberry silk; "2" stands for synthetic fiber; "3" stands for the blend of natural fiber and short fiber; "4" stands for tussah silk; "5" stands for rayon; "6" stands for filament interweaving of two or more raw materials, or filament interweaving of short silk size; "7" stands for quilt cover.
Code of origin of silk products: B is Beijing, C is Sichuan, D is Liaoning, E is Hubei, G is Guangdong, H is Zhejiang, J is Jiangxi, K is Jiangsu, M is Fujian, N is Guangxi, Q is Shaanxi, S is Shanghai, T is Tianjin, V is Henan, W is Anhui and X is Hunan.
5. What are the ingredients of various textile fabrics?
Polyester taffeta is a kind of chemical fiber fabric. The products have obvious waterproof, fireproof, antistatic, UV-resistant, breathable and moisture permeable functions, and are widely used in garments, linings, sportswear, tents, bags, waterproof garments (calendering, laminating) and so on.
PET(PETP) polyethylene terephthalate (polyester) polyester (polyethylene terephthalate)
Cationic modification of PBT polybutylene terephthalate (elastic polyester) on polyester
Polyamide (nylon) nylon
Nylon filament yarn
Nylon DTY nylon processing yarn
polyacrylonitrile fiber
Polyvinyl alcohol vinylon
6. What do you know about fabrics?
Identification of pure wool fabric Pure wool fabric is the first choice for making high-grade suits and coats because of its natural soft color and good warmth retention effect.
But now there are more and more wool-like fabrics. With the improvement of textile processing, it has reached a level that is difficult for most customers to identify, but the color, warmth and hand feel are far less than pure wool fabrics. Here are several ways to identify pure wool fabrics for your reference when choosing clothes and fabrics.
First, touch. Pure wool fabrics usually feel smooth, long hair fabrics feel smooth along the wool, and the anti-wool has a tingling sensation.
And blended or pure chemical fiber products, some are not soft, some are too soft and loose, and have a sticky feeling. Second, look at the color.
The color of pure wool fabric is naturally soft and bright, and there is no old feeling. In contrast, blended or pure chemical fiber fabrics have a dark luster or a sense of flashing color.
Third, look at flexibility. Hold the object tightly with your hands, and then let it go immediately to see the elasticity of the cloth.
Pure wool fabric has high resilience and quick recovery, while blended or chemical fiber products have poor wrinkle resistance, and most of them have obvious wrinkles or slow recovery. Fourth, identification by combustion method.
Take a bunch of yarn and burn it. Pure wool fiber smells like burning hair, and chemical fiber fabric smells like burning plastic. The harder the particles are, the more chemical fiber components there are.
Five, single root identification. Under the microscope, the hair of all animals is scaly. If it is a long-haired fabric, as long as you rub a hair a few times, it will move up and down, as shown in the above picture (in order to master this skill, you can do an experiment with a hair first). If it is a common fabric, take a yarn, cut it into two pieces of 2 cm, and break it into fibers. Rub it in your palm four or five times to see if they will move.
7. Who can explain the knowledge of clothing fabrics?
According to materials, it can be divided into natural fibers and chemical fibers.
1 ... naturally:
C: Cotton cotton, I think you should know, is soft and warm. Clothes suitable for leisure, cotton-padded jacket, etc.
W: Wool wool, usually worsted, woolen cloth, etc.
S: Silk, a summer dress.
Linen, summer pants and tops.
Ram:Ramine ramie, summer pants and tops.
mulberry silk
2, chemical fiber:
T: polyester polyester is widely used. T400 is used for trench coats and trousers.
N: Nylon Nylon (nylon), with fine fibers, can be used for very thin fabrics and has poor air permeability.
Answer: Acrylic fiber is close to wool.
Tel: Tencel Tencel is the trade name of lyocell lyocell fiber.
Md: model mode
CVC: the main value of cotton polyester-cotton ratio (polyester content below 60%)
R: rayon viscose
Classification by production: knitting and weaving
Classification by grain: twill, vertical grain, plain grain, etc.
The following are the detailed characteristics of commonly used fabrics:
1, cotton cloth
Cotton cloth is a general term for all kinds of cotton textiles. Mostly used to make fashion, casual wear, underwear and shirts. Its advantages are easy to keep warm, soft and close-fitting, moisture absorption and air permeability. Its disadvantage is that it is easy to shrink and wrinkle, and its appearance is not crisp and beautiful, so it must be ironed often when wearing it.
2. Flax
Flax is a kind of cloth made of hemp, flax, ramie, jute, sisal, banana and other hemp plant fibers. Generally used to make casual clothes and work clothes, now it is also used to make ordinary summer clothes. Its advantages are extremely high strength, good hygroscopicity, thermal conductivity and air permeability. Its disadvantages are uncomfortable to wear and rough and stiff appearance.
3. Silk
Silk is the general name of all kinds of silk fabrics woven from silk. Like cotton cloth, it has many varieties and different personalities. It can be used to make all kinds of clothes, especially women's clothes. Its advantages are light, healthy, soft, smooth, breathable, colorful, shiny, elegant and comfortable. Its disadvantages are easy to wrinkle, easy to absorb, not strong enough and fast fading.
4. woolen cloth
Wool fabric, also called wool fabric, is the general name of all kinds of fabrics made of wool and cashmere. Usually suitable for making formal and high-grade clothes such as dresses, suits and coats. Its advantages are wrinkle resistance, wear resistance, soft feel, elegance, flexibility and warmth. Its main disadvantage is that it is difficult to wash and is not suitable for summer clothes.
5. Leather
Leather is a kind of tanned animal fur fabric. Mostly used to make fashion and winter clothes. It can also be divided into two categories: one is leather, that is, leather that has been depilated. The second kind is fur, which is treated leather with fur. Its advantages are lightness, warmth and elegance. Its disadvantages are high price, high requirements for storage and care, and it is not suitable for popularization.
6. Chemical fiber
Chemical fiber is short for chemical fiber. This is a fiber textile made of polymer. Usually divided into two categories: man-made fibers and synthetic fibers. Their advantages are bright colors, soft texture, crisp drape, smoothness and comfort. Their disadvantages are poor wear resistance, heat resistance, hygroscopicity and air permeability, easy to deform when heated and easy to generate static electricity. Although it can be used to make all kinds of clothes, the overall grade is not high and it is difficult to be elegant.
Step 7 mix
Blending is a fabric made of natural fibers and chemical fibers in a certain proportion, which can be used to make various garments. Its advantages are that it not only absorbs the respective advantages of cotton, hemp, silk, wool and chemical fiber, but also avoids their respective disadvantages as much as possible, and its value is relatively cheap, so it is very popular.
8. Composition of cloth
1. Pure cotton printing: it means that after the cloth is woven, the pattern is printed, and the printed products are vivid and colorful. Printing: The patterns on the fabric are printed with dyes. Compared with embroidery and jacquard fabrics, they are rich in patterns and low in price. In other words, our printing dyes are processed with reactive dyes.
Second, printing+embroidery: it means that after the cloth is woven, it is embroidered with patterns, usually computers and machines. Exquisite design, higher price than printing, higher complexity and higher cost of embroidery. Embroidered products have the characteristics of good air permeability and moisture absorption.
3. Yarn-dyed fabric: Yarn-dyed fabric refers to the process of dyeing yarns or filaments before weaving with colored yarns. This kind of fabric is called "yarn-dyed fabric", and the color of yarn-dyed bedding is more durable, with bright lines and strong three-dimensional effect. Patterns are mostly stripes or plaids. Good color fastness.
1, full-color weaving: there are dyed or partially dyed yarns in both warp and weft (or there are several colored yarns interwoven with white yarns in the fabric).
2. Semi-color weaving: warp or weft is dyed or partially dyed.
Sanding: the process of grinding a short and dense layer of fluff on the surface of fabric with a sanding roller (or abrasive belt), which is called sanding or sanding. Warp and weft can produce fluff at the same time, and the fluff is short and dense. Suede is smooth and full, soft to the touch, full of velvet feeling, soft luster and endless light feeling. Sanded fabrics are fluffy, thick and warm, and have the advantages of pilling and colorfastness. The frosted four-piece suit weighs twice as much as the ordinary four-piece suit.
5. Jacquard: Generally speaking, jacquard fabric is a pattern directly woven by loom. It shows different parts of the model through different organizational forms. Compared with embroidered fabrics, its construction cost is higher, the process is more complicated, the three-dimensional effect of jacquard fabrics is stronger, and the pattern levels are richer. Jacquard fabrics generally belong to high count and high density fabrics, which are soft to the touch and good in gloss. Bedding is softer and more delicate, with better gloss, better feel, better quality and air permeability, and more noble.
Satin: It is woven with satin weave, that is, the warp and weft are interwoven once every three, so the fabric used in this weave has a higher density, so the fabric is thicker. Satin fabrics have luxurious taste and high grade, but the disadvantage is poor durability.
Imitation silk cotton: Silk cotton jacquard fabric combines the excellent characteristics of silk and cotton.
Cotton fiber is soft, absorbent and warm, while silk fiber has the characteristics of luxury, smoothness and good luster, and has a sense of elegance. This product is deeply favored by consumers, especially European and American merchants.
However, due to the different physical and chemical properties of silk and cotton, both of them should be taken into account in dyeing and finishing.
8. Modal fiber: The raw material of modal fiber is shrubs produced in Europe. It is a kind of cellulose fiber made from wood pulp through a special spinning process. Therefore, it belongs to the same kind of cellulose fiber as cotton, and it is a pure natural fiber.
Modal has "softness of cotton, luster of silk, smoothness of hemp", good hygroscopicity and is widely used in Europe. Modal products are soft and hygroscopic, but their fabrics are not stiff.
Modal fiber has good dyeing performance, and it is as bright as new after repeated washing, with thorough moisture absorption and good color fastness. Compared with pure cotton, modal fiber is more comfortable to wear, and there is no disadvantage that pure cotton clothes are easy to fade and yellow. Therefore, the fabric has bright colors and stable wearability. After washing cotton fabric for 25 times, the hand feel will become harder and harder. On the other hand, modal fiber fabrics are softer and brighter when washed. Modal's dry strength is close to that of polyester (35/tec), and its wet strength is slightly lower than that of cotton, so it is soft and smooth, silky and has small wet elongation. The dry elongation of fiber is between cotton and viscose, and the wet elongation is similar to cotton, but less than viscose. The washing shrinkage is low, the good moisture absorption capacity is 50% higher than that of cotton, and the moisture absorption speed is extremely fast. Dyeing characteristics of modal fiber, its absorption rate of pigment is faster than combed cotton and carded cotton, and its absorption rate is high, and the dyed color is bright; Good air permeability.
9. What are the ingredients of various textile fabrics?
A, textile fabric composition:
1, polyester fiber
Polyester is an important synthetic fiber. It is a fiber-forming polymer-Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) made from purified terephthalic acid (PTA) or dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and ethylene glycol (MEG) through esterification or transesterification and polycondensation, and the fiber is made by spinning and post-treatment.
2. Nylon (nylon)
Polyamide is mainly used in synthetic fibers, and its most prominent advantage is that its wear resistance is higher than all other fibers, which is 10 times higher than cotton and 20 times higher than wool. Adding some polyamide fibers to blended fabric can greatly improve its wear resistance.
3. pure cotton
Pure cotton fabric is a kind of textile with cotton as raw material and warp and weft interwoven by loom. At present, according to the actual source of processed cotton, it is divided into primary cotton fabric and regenerated cotton fabric.
4. Viscose fiber
The full name of viscose fiber is viscose fiber, which is obtained by extracting fiber molecules from natural lignocellulose with "wood" as raw material and modifying it.
The hygroscopicity of viscose fiber meets the physiological requirements of human skin, and it has the characteristics of smoothness, coolness, breathability, antistatic, ultraviolet resistance, bright color and good dyeing fastness. It has the essence of cotton and the quality of silk
Step 5 mix
Blending, that is, blended chemical fiber fabric, is a textile product made by blending chemical fiber with cotton wool, silk, hemp and other natural fibers, which has both the style of polyester and the advantages of cotton fabric, such as polyester cotton cloth and polyester gabardine. Blending can be divided into wool-viscose blending, wool-rabbit blending, TR fabric, high-density NC fabric, 3M waterproof Mu Si fabric, Tencel fabric, soft silk, TNC fabric and composite fabric.
6, spandex
Spandex is the abbreviation of polyurethane fiber, which is an elastic fiber. Spandex is generally composed of multiple filaments, generally 10d/ root, and now there are 15d/ root, or even 20D/ root. The less the theoretical number, the better the uniformity. Because there is less chance of morphological overlap, the dry spinning solution DMAC is harmful to human liver.
Second, the English and abbreviations of clothing fabric components
Cotton: (c) cotton, wool: (w) wool, mohair: (m) mohair,
Rabbit hair: (RH) rabbit hair, alpaca hair: (Al), silk: (S) silk,
Jute: (j) jute, flax: (l) flax, tussah silk: (Ts) tussah silk,
Yak hair: (YH) yak hair, Lycra: (Ly) Lycra.
Extended data:
Component identification:
First, cotton fiber and hemp fiber burn immediately near the flame, burning quickly, and the flame is yellow and emits blue smoke. The difference between the smell of burning and the ashes after burning is that cotton burns with paper flavor and marijuana burns with plant ash flavor; After burning, cotton has little powder ash, which is black or gray, while hemp produces a little gray powder ash.
Second, wool fibers and silk hairs smoke in case of fire, bubble when burning, and the burning speed is slow, giving off the burnt smell of burnt hair. After burning, the ashes are mostly shiny black spherical particles, which will be broken when a finger is pressed. Silk shrinks into a ball when it meets fire, and the burning speed is slow, accompanied by hissing, giving off the smell of burning hair. After burning, dark brown spherical ash is formed, which will be broken by hand twisting.
Three, nylon and polyester nylon scientific name polyamide fiber, near the flame, quickly curled and melted into white gel, melted and burned in the flame, dripping and foaming, no flame when burning, it is difficult to continue burning without flame, emitting celery flavor, light brown melt is not easy to grind after cooling. Polyester fiber, the scientific name of polyester fiber, is easy to ignite and melt near the flame. When burning, it emits black smoke while melting, showing a yellow flame and emitting an aromatic smell. After burning, the ash is a dark brown lump that can be crushed with your fingers.