Gymnastics women's events are divided into four categories: vault, uneven bars, balance beam and floor exercise.
Gymnastics competition tests the technical ability and skills of the contestants in each event.
Every gymnast, whether individual or team, has only one chance in each event, except the women's vault. The women's vault has two chances. Each player decides the action of the event by himself, but it must meet the standards and difficulty requirements of the event.
(a) Introducing male gymnastics.
1. floor exercise
The length and width of the floor exercise ground are12m. The whole set of floor exercise is mainly based on skill movements, which are connected and combined with strength and balance, soft movements, handstand, dance and other gymnastics movements to form a whole with harmonious rhythm and rhythm. A set of movements should make full use of the whole venue (12? 2 meters), and completed in 50 ~ 70 seconds. Floor exercise requires strict skill strings and static movements, forward skill strings and backward skill strings, and static movements are difficult.
2. pommel horse
The pommel horse 1.05m high and the lifting ring 12cm high. It is the basic feature of a set of movements in pommel horse events to complete different full spins and swings in different parts of the horse with different support methods. When doing a full turn, the main method is to turn your legs parallel to each other. It is allowed to do handstands with or without rotation. The movements of different structural groups must be completed in full strength, and no force movements are allowed in this project.
Step 3 ring
The lifting ring is 2.55 meters high. A set of lifting ring movements should be composed of swinging movements and static movements with roughly equal proportions. These movements and connections are completed by hanging, crossing or supporting, or handstand, and the straight arm is the main way to complete the movements. The transition from swing to static or from static to swing is a remarkable feature of contemporary gymnastics. When doing static action, the rings are required to be stationary, and there can be no big swing. Rings need to be inverted by swinging back and forth, and also need difficult static movements of strength.
vaulting horse
Vault height1.35m. Vaulting is a jumping flight action that starts with run-up and takes off with legs together. The longest run-up distance of vault is 25 meters, and it is allowed to interrupt the run-up, but it is not allowed to return and run again. Vault requires a certain height and distance.
5. parallel bars
Parallel bars1.75m high. The whole movement of parallel bars is composed of swinging and flying movements selected from many structural groups, and is completed by various supporting and hanging movements. When doing parallel bars, it is required to start from the posture of standing with legs together, and there can be no pre-action. There are at most three pauses or static actions in a group of actions, and other pauses greater than or equal to 1 second will not be allowed.
6. horizontal bar
The horizontal bar is 2.55 meters high. The whole set of horizontal bar movements consists of swinging movements, which are continuously completed by various grip methods, including big loop, near bar movements, turning around the longitudinal axis of the body, flying movements and so on. Two single-arm swings are allowed through the drooping surface of the rod. The horizontal bar needs some difficult flying movements.
(b) Introducing women's gymnastics.
1. vault
The vault of women's competitive gymnastics is a horizontal horse, which consists of a horse body, legs and a base. Horse length 160 ~ 163 cm, width 35 ~ 36 cm. The height of horses varies according to different age groups. The adult group is 125 cm, and the children group is 100 cm. Horse legs are made of iron and can be raised and lowered. The equipment placed in front of the vault to help athletes take off is called the bow springboard, which is also an essential equipment for vault. The board is 20 ~ 30 cm high and made of plywood, which has certain elasticity. All vault moves must be supported by both hands, and the run-up length is arranged according to the individual. The vault can be divided into several groups according to different types of air flight, and the numbers given by the coach before vault represent different movements.
2. uneven bars
Uneven bars are a unique event in women's gymnastics, which consists of two parallel bars, one high and one low, and the distance between the bars is adjustable. The height of low bar is 130 ~ 160 cm, and the height of high bar is 190 ~ 240 cm. The horizontal bar is oval, with a long diameter of 5 cm and a short diameter of 4 cm. The surface of FRP and wooden stick is used, which has good elasticity and firmness. The rules have specific requirements for the combination of different difficulties in the whole set of movements, the number of transitions between the low bar and the high bar, the difficulty of flying movements and the difficulty of turning.
balance beam
The balance beam is 5m long and 0. 1 m wide, and the height of the wood can be raised or lowered as required. Official competition height1.2m. The completion time of the balance beam is limited, and the difficulty of the whole set of movements and the aerial skill string are strictly regulated.
4. floor exercise
Floor exercise is a separate event for men and women, with a venue area of 12 square meters. There are many sponge blocks under the carpet, so the floor exercise floor is different from the general floor, with good elasticity and good cushioning performance, which is convenient for athletes to complete various difficult gymnastics jumps and technical somersaults on it. Floor exercise is a kind of somersault and acrobatic action completed with music without accompaniment. There are strict restrictions on the venue and time. Athletes are required to complete their movements within 70~90 seconds, and the movements are required to cooperate well with the music. There are also strict restrictions on the difficulty and connection of athletes' skill strings.