The composition of red wine is quite complicated. It is a fruit wine brewed by natural fermentation, with grape juice accounting for more than 80%, followed by alcohol naturally fermented by sugar in grapes, generally between 10%-30%, and the remaining substances exceed 1000, and there are more than 300 important kinds. Other important components of red wine are wine acid, fruit, minerals and tannic acid. Although the proportion of these substances is not high, they are the decisive factors of wine quality. Good quality and good taste of red wine is because they can present a balance of organizational structure, which makes people enjoy the taste endlessly.
How to drink red wine?
First, the red wine is opened half an hour before drinking, and it is moderately oxidized to release its aroma; If it is a red wine with high precipitation in old age, you can change the bottle immediately.
Second, red wine should be pure. If Sprite and Coke are mixed at the same time, it will change and destroy its own unique aroma and proper taste.
Third, pour less than half a cup of red wine, not too much; The temperature of wine should be adjusted to 12-20℃.
Fourth, you can shake it properly when drinking red wine. By shaking, esters, ethers and acetaldehyde will be released, and wine will produce aroma with oxygen;
5. Dry white wine is rich in organic acids, which can not only alleviate the fishy smell, but also make seafood taste more delicious. Dry red wine contains certain phenols, which can relieve the greasy feeling of meat and make the dishes richer, so it will be better with braised pork, steak, chicken and duck and other meat dishes.
How do you put red wine?
First, red wine can be sealed in a sealed carton and placed in a cool, ventilated and sun-proof place. Be careful not to put it near the smelly items.
Second, put the red wine upside down, so that the red wine will come into contact with the cork and will not go bad.
3. The ideal temperature for wine storage is 10- 14℃, and the humidity should be kept at 70-75%. Don't put red wine in the refrigerator, it will affect the quality of the wine.
Fourth, the best way to preserve the wine that has been opened but not finished is to evacuate the air from the bottle first, and then plug it with a cork, so that it can be preserved for about a week.
Introduction to wine grades:
French law divides French wine into four grades:
1. AOC of wine in legal producing area
2. Excellent VDQS regional table wine
3. A regional table wine
4. Daily table wine
AOC means "naming of origin control" in French, and the bottle label is labeled as title+name of origin+controlled person.
Grape varieties, planting quantity, brewing technology and alcohol content in the producing area must be certified by experts. Only grapes grown in the country of origin can be used for brewing, and grape juice from other places is not allowed for blending. AOC grade wine, subdivision grade: the smaller the producing area indicated by the producing area name, the better the wine quality.
AOC level from high to low:
Cru AOC: such as title +Chateau Lascombes Castle +Controlee.
Village AOC: such as title+Margo Village +Controlee.
Regional AOC: such as appellation+Bordeaux producing area+controlled.
Classification level of Cru AOC (from high to low):
AOC of first-class winery: such as Premier Grand Cru.
AOC of high-quality winery: such as super grade.
AOC of intermediate wineries: such as Cru Bourgeois (intermediate wineries).
skill
The grades of French red wines have changed as follows:
VDT becomes VDF
VDP becomes IGP.
AOC becomes AOP
Spanish red wine grade
There are five grades of Spanish wine:
Doc (named after California, Olkin), a high-quality wine from a legal producing area;
DO (named after Olkin), the wine in the legal producing area;
VDLT(Vino de La Tierra), approximately equivalent to VDLT in France;
VC(Vino Comarcal) and VDM(Vino de Messa) are the lowest grade wines in Spain, which are about equivalent to VDT in France.
What is iced wine?
Ice wine is a sweet wine. It is a wine brewed from grapes naturally frozen on vines at low temperature.
Ice wine, the abbreviation of ice wine, was originally born in 1794 in Franken, Germany. At that time, it was found that the sugar and flavor of grapes were concentrated after freezing and thawing until the first frost. After more than 200 years of development, ice wine has become the best in wine. Only Germany, Austria, Canada and France can produce real ice wine. The development of ice wine in China has become the brightest star in the ice wine industry under the influence of the big environment. Niagara, Ontario, Canada is the most famous ice wine producing area in the world.
VQA (Canadian Vintners Quality Alliance) defines iced wine as wine that is naturally frozen from grapes at a temperature below 8℃. Grapes are squeezed when they are frozen into solid state, and a small amount of concentrated grape juice flows out. This grape juice is slowly fermented and bottled after a few months. In the process of pressing, the outside temperature must be kept below-8℃. In Germany, ice wine (Eiswein)
Identification method?
Ice wine has high sweetness, wonderful acidity and balanced taste. It can be drunk alone or with fresh fruit, fresh cheese, peach cheese cake, unsweetened fruit pie or cake. Ice wine should be refrigerated at 4℃- 10℃ before drinking, and frozen in ice bucket 15 minutes before drinking. Before tasting, it is forbidden to eat spicy, mint and chocolate dishes. Wait for more than ten minutes after opening the bottle, so that the ice wine that has been sealed for a long time can be fully integrated with the air, and then poured into the cup. The mellow and unique ice wine lies in its soothing. Therefore, when drinking iced wine, you must drink it slowly. You can't drink it all at once like any other wine. Instead, we should first pour the wine into the cup and slowly observe its color, then slowly and steadily rotate the glass to draw an arc, so that the wine can contact more with the air, deeply absorb its fragrance, and then sip it in small sips to savor its taste.
Specifically, tasting ice wine is divided into three steps:
Look at the purity and color of ice wine first, and judge the concentration and year of ice wine; Shake the glass gently, and look at the alcohol content and sugar content of the ice wine according to the wine marks left on the glass wall. Second smell: smell the wine glass before shaking it, and then shake it slowly to ensure that the fragrance is gradually emitted. Three flavors: aftertaste the rich and unique taste and fragrance of ice wine, and evaluate the alcohol content, sugar content, acidity and the balance of various components of ice wine through taste; Once the ice wine enters the mouth, you should move your cheeks and tongue and take a deep breath, so that the ingredients that are easy to play in the ice wine are distributed in your mouth and spread to your nose through your throat, so that all kinds of sensory organs can enjoy the beauty of the ice wine.
Ice wine has golden color, cool quality and refreshing taste. Suitable for cold drinks. The specific temperature depends on the quality of liquor, and the appropriate temperature is about 4- 10℃. Low temperature will affect the volatilization of liquor.
Ice red wine is Burgundy in color, full-bodied and meaningful, suitable for drinking at room temperature, generally between 12- 18℃. The longer the age, the higher the appropriate temperature of ice wine.
Drinking method
Ice wine is the best dessert. The fragrant iced wine is most suitable for tasting alone, and can be drunk directly as a drink in tea time or after meals. Ice wine is usually very strong. It is best not to drink too much at a time, and the weight of each cup should not be too much. The ideal drinking temperature of ice wine is 14℃. Some people think that the temperature of wine around minus 7 degrees Celsius is the most suitable, which can reduce the sweetness of ice wine, and it will not be too cold to give off charming wine fragrance. Fresh iced wine won't go bad immediately like ordinary wine after being opened, and the sealed cork can be stored for more than a week after being put back in the refrigerator.
The collocation of ice wine
Of course, Turkey is the first brand. Gingerbread and pudding as desserts are also traditional customs in Europe and America. However, traditional Christmas ingredients such as turkey are restricted, and more urban white-collar workers choose to mix freely. A sirloin steak with black pepper, fried eggs on one side and Italian butterfly powder, vanilla ice cream for dessert and a bottle of ice wine enhance the festive atmosphere. People's western food is rich, frugal and personalized, which is really creative and fresh. As the best emotional prop, a good glass of Christmas wine is the most indispensable. With the evolution of tradition, more and more modern white-collar workers began to choose to use rarer ice wine to match their annual Christmas dinner. Iced wine can go with almost any dish. However, in the west, people are still used to using ice wine as dessert. Blueberry cheese and foie gras are its best matches. Refrigerate at 4℃- 10℃ before eating, and freeze in ice bucket 15 minutes before drinking. If you add fresh fruit and chocolate to taste together, the taste will be more beautiful and mellow.
France's top five wineries:
Lafite winery, Lafite winery,
Obiang Winery goes to Briant,
Latour Castle Latour Castle,
Margaux, Margaux,
Mu Tong winery Mutong Rothschild Castle