It used to be basically wild. With the gradual discovery of its nutritional value, it has been planted artificially. Raspberry belongs to berries, and its nutritional value is very high, far exceeding that of cherries, blueberries and other fruits, and it is rich in vitamins, anthocyanins and flavonoids. Has effects in caring skin, resisting aging, diminishing inflammation, resisting cancer, invigorating kidney, and sobering up.
Why are fruits with very high nutritional value and good taste hard to see in supermarkets?
The problem is that it is difficult to preserve, and the cost of preservation is high. Under cold storage conditions, it can only last 1-2 days. Although the cold storage time is long, the temperature of ordinary supermarket equipment can not reach MINUS 10 degrees. So it is rare to see raspberries sold in the supermarket.
Raspberries sell less fresh fruit, but they usually make more processed materials, such as sauce, juice, canned food and so on.
If you want to eat fresh, you can go to the wild hillside to pick wild ones in the mature season, or you can go to some farmhouses to pick artificially planted ones.
This kind of fruit is called "raspberry" here, also called wild strawberry, raspberry and so on. It grows in most parts of the wild except the northeast and northwest of China. Raspberry is so vital that it doesn't need manual management at all. Every spring, it will sprout new buds and bear attractive red fruits. It looks like a strawberry, but the fruit is very small.
Sweet and nutritious, it has the effects of invigorating spleen, stimulating appetite, delaying aging and beauty beauty, and is rich in various minerals and vitamins, so it is a rare fruit.
Raspberries mainly grow on hillsides, beside ditches, among trees, in fields and on roadsides. I often see them when I play in the wild in spring. I picked some trees to make up for my hunger. Some people even take a plastic bag and take a lot home to share with friends and family, because they are too low for even children to reach.
Because raspberry grows tenaciously, many people dig it home for bonsai cultivation, and some people cultivate it artificially and grow it on a large scale, becoming a commodity fruit for sale, which is very popular and has achieved certain economic benefits.
Why can't you buy such good fruit in the supermarket? There are three main aspects: ① the quantity must be limited, and it is impossible to supply the market in large quantities. (2) Raspberries are difficult to keep, and can only be kept in the freezer for 65,438+0, 1 12 days at most. If you put it in the freezer, it will affect the taste, dull color and sales. (3) The storage cost is too high, and the fruit price ratio is lost, so it can't be sold. There are several reasons, so there is no supply in the supermarket at present, but I often see grandfathers or grandmothers carrying raspberries in the market, and the quantity is very small, only 1. 1 12kg at most.
These are some of my experiences with raspberries for your reference.
We call this fruit Tommo here, also called (raspberry).
Every year in the middle of June, when the small fruit is ripe! I picked the fruit and put it in my mouth. Sweet and sour water is really attractive.
I come from the southern countryside. This kind of fruit has a very vivid name here, and there is another kind of fruit that is very similar to it, called stepping on raspberries. They are all pure wild fruits, with strong seasonality and extremely short shelf life, and will not be bought or sold in the market at all.
As the name implies, the name is "Zizania latifolia", which is only available in the farming season. They all grow at the foot of the mountain, beside roads and ditches; Their plants are short and full of thorns; But they will all be full of white flowers and bear dense fruits. The fruit is gray-blue before it matures, but it is red after it matures in the season of planting fields in rural areas. It tastes sweet and sour, and you can never get tired of it.
The name is Tian Tian Berry, which is only available when ploughing and fertilizing in the first season and stepping on the field after planting; They all grow near small and wet ponds and ditches, and their plants are shorter and full of thorns; They also have small white flowers and bright red fruits, but the taste of their ripe fruits is pure sweet without any sour taste.
Whether it is wild fruit or stepping on wild fruit, it was my favorite when I was a child. Whenever it comes to its mature season, my friends and I will ignore their thorns and pick them with a small basket every day after school. First, when you are full, you will often fill a small basket and take it home for adults to eat!
This kind of fruit still exists in our village, but the years are gone forever. In the season of farming, I will never return to the innocent age when I look forward to eating wild fruits every year!
It can be confirmed from the picture that it is raspberry, which was often seen in the countryside when I was a child. It can be said that it is wild fruit! When immature, it tastes sour and astringent. When it is ripe, it will taste sour and sweet, rich in juice and quite delicious, comparable to mulberry. However, now basically can't see the wild, are artificially cultivated.
Except Northeast China, Xinjiang and Tibet, raspberries are cultivated in most parts of the country. Everyone should have seen it when they were children, but the names are different. Most people call it "raspberry" or "raspberry", and some people call it "thorn bubble".
Enough background introduction. Ok, let's get back to the point.
Since there are many plants in China, why can't you see raspberries in the supermarket? 1, raspberry sales market is mainly in Europe and America.
Raspberry is not a unique fruit in China, but was introduced from Europe and America in the last century. After several generations of improvement, it has become what it is today, and its output has doubled. But the demand is still in short supply, and most of them are ordered by Britain, Canada and European and American countries. How can they be sold in supermarkets?
It's interesting to say that raspberries are also grown in Europe and America and need to be imported from China.
Labor wages and planting costs in Europe and America are high. In contrast, China's land and climate can produce high-quality raspberries, and low labor reduces costs, so it is more cost-effective to import raspberries from China.
Why are raspberries so popular in Europe and America?
(1): Raspberry is suitable for western eating habits. In addition to fresh food, it is often squeezed into juice, or made into jam, accompanied by salad, decorated with cakes, desserts and so on.
(2) Europe and America believe that raspberry is a kind of fruit with high nutritional value, which contains more nutrients than most fruits. Eating regularly is good for your health.
2. raspberries are very expensive.
The price on a treasure is ~ a box of raspberries (125g) to 25 yuan, which is equivalent to 0/00 yuan per catty. I'm afraid it's hard for working-class people to spend, so supermarkets are afraid to buy and sell. They are all exported to Europe and America. For example, in the United States, a box of raspberries is 5 dollars, which is not expensive for them.
3. "Natural beauty" of raspberries
Raspberry pulp is tender, so it is easy to be bruised and can't bear pressure, otherwise it will rot and deteriorate, and its shelf life is only one or two days. Therefore, there are basically no fresh products for sale, all of which are frozen and exported to Europe and America. After all, there is a local habit of eating frozen fruit.
There are many kinds of fruits in China, and there are too many choices. Moreover, raspberries are not only expensive, but also frozen, which does not conform to the consumption concept of Chinese people and is not suitable for their eating habits. So it is not sold in the supermarket.
Her kitchen (finished)
Our hometown is Somme (I don't know where it is), and the planting season mainly matures in April and May. Mature fruits are mostly black. Immature fruit is hard and sour. Ripe fruits are soft, like mulberries. They are dyed when eating fingers, and they taste sweet and sour. Of course, the ripe fruit is yellow, called Huangsuomei, which tastes a little sour than the black one. How long is the black on the edge of a small ditch with plenty of water or on the straw dam in a field? There are thorns on the branches, which will sting your hands if you are not careful. How long the yellow ones grow on the mountains or some high places, and the branches are also long thorns.
When I was a child, my parents would make a small bamboo tube, put a chopstick in it, go to the wild to find the lock plum, throw it into the small bamboo tube, push it hard with chopsticks, squeeze it into juice, and then take it out while licking the juice on the chopsticks, making my face black and red.
Now I know that the scientific name is raspberry, which can also be used as medicine.
In our hometown, the local dialect is translated and the name is "Raspberry".
Of course, the scientific name is raspberry, which is a woody plant of Rubus in Rosaceae. This is a sweet and sour fruit with barbs on its branches. Rubus has other nicknames, such as raspberry, raspberry, raspberry, raspberry, raspberry, wild raspberry, raspberry and blackberry.
When we were young, Fujian was hilly and poor. It may take a few tears to ask your parents for 50 cents of pocket money. Our usual snacks, such as tea bubbles, tea ears and all kinds of strawberries on the mountain, are often picked and eaten by us.
Mature raspberries are delicious and sweet. There are often many fruits on a raspberry tree, and sometimes you can eat enough. Of course, raspberry trees have a lot of big thorns, and it is very normal to be stabbed and scratched when picking raspberries.
Now raspberries are also planted and sold, but most of them in supermarkets are fine varieties. Judging from the price, ordinary people are afraid to buy 29 yuan's small box. Because raspberries have a short shelf life, you have to pick them immediately when they are ripe, or they will fall off. Artificial farming will form industrial sales, and this cost is definitely not low. As long as no one can make money, no one will do it.
At least until now, the wild raspberries in Sanming, my hometown, have never been seen in the supermarket.
To become a commodity, a food needs to meet a number of conditions. Obviously, raspberries have not yet reached the standard.
This fruit is called raspberry, and Chinese medicine is called raspberry. I picked it in the wild when I was a child. It's called wild raspberry. Raspberry fruit is a kind of ripe, sweet and juicy small berry. In the past, it was found everywhere in mountain villages, along roadsides, under slopes, by streams and on mountains. Now many rural wasteland has been reclaimed, and the stock is getting less and less. In April, wild raspberries have grown into small green fruits, and will turn red and mature every month.
I. Value and efficacy 1, nutritional value
Raspberry has high medicinal and edible value, and has the reputation of "golden fruit", "fruit of life" and "ruby". It is the king of the third generation of fruits. It is rich in various sugars, cellulose, vitamins, anthocyanins, amino acids, pectin and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and also contains minerals such as potassium, zinc, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus and iron. , and can decompose anthocyanins, flavonoids, ketene and other substances. It is particularly worth mentioning that the content of natural anti-cancer substance "ellagic acid" in raspberries is also very rich.
2. Main efficacy
First of all, the cellulose in raspberries can effectively reduce cholesterol in the blood and prevent or reduce the occurrence of heart disease and diabetes.
Secondly, "ellagic acid" in raspberries is a natural anticancer substance and a super antioxidant, which can effectively remove carcinogenic toxins from the body and has obvious inhibitory effects on many cancers.
Thirdly, raspberry ketone in raspberry can quickly decompose and burn the excess accumulated fat in human body, and at the same time inhibit intestinal liposuction, thus achieving the purpose of losing weight.
Fourth, raspberries have high-activity hydroxamic acid plant components, which are called "natural aspirin" and "natural beauty agent", and have the effects of improving immunity, anti-aging, skin care and whitening.
3. Application area
Raspberry can not only be eaten directly as fresh fruit, but also widely used in many fields, such as medical pharmacy, beauty and weight loss, health care products, cosmetics, essence, dyes and so on.
Two. Yield and variety 1. Foreign rate of return distribution
Except for Asia, the total output of raspberries in the world is about 400,000 tons, mainly from Europe and America, and distributed in Poland, Serbia, Chile, the United States, Canada, Mexico, Russia, Ukraine, Britain and other countries, among which Poland ranks first in the world with an annual output of about 65,438+million tons, Serbia ranks second with an annual output of about 60,000 tons, and the United States is the third largest raspberry producing area and the third largest in the world.
2. Distribution of domestic output
The earliest artificial cultivation of raspberries in China began in the early 20th century and was introduced by Russian overseas Chinese in Shangzhi County, Heilongjiang Province. Later, dozens of excellent varieties such as Europe, America and Japan were gradually introduced. After hundreds of years of development, raspberry cultivation in China has begun to take shape. Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Henan and other nearly 20 provinces have introduced and cultivated on a large scale, with a total output of about 60,000 tons, of which the planting area of cranberries in Dongling, Shenyang has reached more than 50,000 mu, which is the highest in the country. The planting area of raspberries in Shangzhi County of Heilongjiang Province is 30,000 mu, and the annual output is more than 1 10,000 tons.
3. Main varieties
Raspberries are generally divided into two categories, one is blackberry, which is purple-black, and the other is red raspberry. Not all cranberries are red. There are many colors, including red, black, yellow, purple and blue.
There are hundreds of varieties of raspberries, and there are more than 20 species suitable for artificial cultivation in China. Raspberries grow differently in different ecological environments, some are suitable for fresh food, and some are only suitable for processing. Most raspberries from China are exported to Europe, America, Japan and South Korea, usually in the form of frozen fruits.
Most raspberry varieties are used for both fresh food and processing, but some varieties are big, rich in flavor and particularly good in taste. For example, the extra-large red raspberry imported from Canada is a late-maturing variety with an average fruit weight of 5.4 grams, bright red and shiny, high yield and good disease resistance. There is also a kind of yellow raspberry, which is a variety of red raspberry. When it is ripe, it is golden yellow, sour and juicy, with rich aroma, which is very suitable for fresh food.
Third, why can't the supermarket buy it? To sum up, the annual output of raspberries in the world is hundreds of thousands of tons, and that of China is tens of thousands of tons. Why don't you buy it in the supermarket?
Reason 1: Supply is less than demand. With the wide application of raspberries, the demand is increasing. Almost all the big raspberry producing areas in the world are used for export. Raspberries produced in China are mainly exported to Europe, America, Japan and South Korea, with little domestic sales. In addition, raspberries belong to small fruit paddles, and the cost of manual picking is very high. Some western countries began to give up planting, so the output did not go up. In addition to their own production, some western countries still can't meet their own needs through imports. In short, raspberries are in short supply at present.
Reason 2: transportation is difficult. Raspberry is a kind of small hollow pulp, which is easy to be damaged without proper packaging protection, so long-distance transportation is basically processed with frozen fruit, not fresh fruit.
Reason three: expensive. The output of raspberry is lower than that of ordinary fruit, with high picking cost and transportation cost and high natural price. In Europe, 1 kg of fresh fruit costs about a catty in 40 yuan, while in China, it is more expensive, costing 70~80 yuan a catty. Ordinary people can't afford such a price, so even if the supermarket sells it, how many people will buy it? The best thing is to buy an early adopter.
In our hometown, it is called Bubble (the first sound).
When I was a child, I often ate it in my hometown, usually when transplanting rice. When I was a child, I often went to the mountains to find some wild fruits, such as August melon, raspberry, Rosa roxburghii and jujube. I can't remember the rest. I still miss it when I think about it.
This cost is high, which is rare in supermarkets, and the price may be more expensive than other fruits.
Rubus is a delicious Chinese medicine.