Question 2: How to promote protein's absorption? Protein's Perfect Intake Method ◆ Matching Intake → The amino acids contained in each food can't be completely consistent with the human body, so several foods can learn from each other when mixed together. For example, the content of lysine in cereals is insufficient, while beans are rich in lysine. Eating them together can greatly improve the utilization rate of protein, which is a simple and effective method to improve the nutritional value of protein. → When protein eats food and vegetables together, the digestive juice in the stomach is much more secreted than when eating only one kind of food. Fruits, vegetables and cereals have auxiliary effects on absorbing protein. → The protein of animals and beans should not be less than 50% of the total daily protein. However, animal foods are high in fat and cholesterol, especially pork, which is higher than other meats. It is not better to eat more meat. Digestibility Soybean has high protein content and good quality, but the protein digestibility is only 60%-65%. When bean curd and various bean products are made, the digestibility can be improved to 92%-96%. If you drink 200ml soybean milk every day, you can get 8.8g protein with high digestibility. Chicken protein is high, soft and fat is evenly distributed, so it is tender, delicious and easy to digest. Fish muscle fiber is short, with more water and less fat, so the meat is tender and the digestibility is as high as 95%-98%. Chicken and fish are more suitable for babies. ◆ Children with an appropriate diet should adopt a system of four meals a day and add snacks in the afternoon. The daily dietary distribution should be 25% ~ 30% for breakfast, 35% for lunch, 0/5% for lunch/kloc, and 20% ~ 30% for dinner, and the daily protein should be distributed in every meal according to this ratio. Breakfast can provide a bottle of milk and an egg for the baby; Reasonable arrangement of animal food such as chicken and meat for lunch; Eat some light, refreshing and digestible food for dinner, such as fish and bean products. Protein's intake should be enough to meet human needs, maintain normal metabolism, produce antibodies, resist infection, and easily recover from diseases. On the contrary, when the supply in protein is insufficient, children are prone to growth retardation, anemia, apathy and diseases. However, excessive intake of protein will also cause kidney burden, aggravate liver burden, gastrointestinal burden, and cause liver and kidney involvement and indigestion. Therefore, the intake of protein should be appropriate. Should the baby's diet pursue high protein? Protein is not the more the better.
Question 3: How to make protein food better absorbed? Protein is only a daily non-staple food, not the main source of daily calories, but the main raw materials of human organs, hormones and immune substances. Therefore, protein cannot be reduced. The daily demand for protein is about 80 grams per person, and there are many people who do a lot of exercise, such as bodybuilders. Among animal proteins, protein of milk and eggs is the best among all foods in protein, because it is the easiest to digest and has complete amino acids, so it is not easy to cause gout attacks. The protein content of egg yolk is slightly higher than that of protein, but an egg yolk can contain as much as 300 mg of cholesterol. Even people without heart disease should not eat more egg yolk. protein's cholesterol content is 0; Egg yolk contains a lot of oil. Usually, we don't see oil in the egg yolk, but when you bake the egg yolk in the microwave oven, you will find that a lot of oil can flow out. You can also see the oil in the salted egg yolk. The calorie of egg yolk is six times that of protein, so egg yolk is also a high-calorie food, and it is a food that people who need to lose weight need to go on a diet. Milk not only supplements protein, but also provides abundant calcium, which can prevent calcium deficiency. Skim milk powder has the highest calcium content and almost no fat, so milk made from skim milk powder is the best protein and calcium source for adults to keep slim. The best vegetable protein is soybean protein, which contains 35% protein and is easy to absorb. Therefore, soy protein has always been the main source of protein for vegetarians. Bean products can lower cholesterol and fight cancer. Soybean protein is rich in isoflavones, which are hormone-like compounds that can inhibit the growth of tumor cells caused by hormone imbalance. Besides, edible fungi are the main source of protein for slimming people. Protein content table of common foods Food name 100g Food contains protein oats 15.6 lotus seeds 16.6 soybeans 36.3 broad beans 28.2 pork (lean). 16.7 pig heart 19. 1 pig liver 210.3 bean curd skin 50.5 pig kidney 15.5 pig skin 26.4 peanut 26.2 pig blood 18.9 walnut15. The content of protein in beans, peanuts, meat, milk, eggs, fish and shrimp is higher, while the content of cereals is less, even less in vegetables and fruits. The human demand for protein depends not only on the content of protein, but also on the types and proportions of essential amino acids contained in protein. Because the types and proportions of amino acids contained in animal protein are more in line with human needs, the nutritional value of animal protein is higher than that of plant protein. In plant foods, protein in rice and flour lacks lysine, and protein in beans lacks methionine and cystine. Therefore, eating mixed food can learn from each other's strong points and greatly improve the utilization rate of mixed protein. If animal protein is supplemented in a proper amount, the nutritional value of protein in the diet can be greatly improved. The content of common protein (per kloc-0/00g food) is as follows: 7 grams of rice, 9 grams of flour, 36 grams of soybeans, 24 grams of mung beans, 7.4 grams of tofu, 2 grams of Chinese cabbage, 2.3 grams of eggplant, 0.4 grams of apple, 27 grams of peanuts, 9.5 grams of pork, 20 grams of beef, 65438+ 0.5 grams of human milk and milk. Although the content of protein in human milk, milk and eggs is low, the content of essential amino acids is basically the same as that in human body, so it has high nutritional value and is the best food in diet. Protein, a food rich in protein, is an important substance that constitutes the human body. Various tissues in the body ―― muscles, bones, skin and nerves all contain protein. The material basis of growth is protein, so it is necessary to add more foods rich in protein to children. Protein-rich foods include: milk of livestock, such as milk, goat milk, horse milk, etc. Animal meat, such as cattle, sheep, pigs, dog meat and so on. ; Poultry meat, such as chicken, duck, goose, quail, ostrich, etc. Eggs, such as eggs, duck eggs, quail eggs and fish, shrimp, crabs, etc. ; There are also soybeans, including soybeans, green beans and black beans. Among them, soybeans have the highest nutritional value and are high-quality protein sources in infant food; In addition, the content of protein in sesame, melon seeds, walnuts, almonds, pine nuts and other dried fruits is high. For various reasons ... >>
Question 4: Biochemistry. Briefly describe the digestion and absorption process of protein in the body. Digestion begins in the stomach cavity and is finally completed by small intestinal epithelial cells.
The most important feature of pepsin digestion is its ability to digest collagen. Only about 10% ~ 20% of protein in food is transformed into prion matrix, peptone and a small amount of polypeptide in the stomach.
Most of protein in food is digested by proteolytic enzymes secreted by pancreas in duodenum and jejunum, such as trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase and elastase. At this stage, only a small part of protein can be hydrolyzed into a single amino acid, and most of it can be digested into dipeptides, tripeptides or even larger peptides.
The final stage of protein digestion is completed by intestinal epithelial cells distributed in the villi of small intestine. Under normal circumstances, 99% of the final products of protein digestion are single amino acids, and only a few of them are absorbed in the form of peptides.
Question 5: How to promote the absorption and utilization of protein? Don't take protein alone at any time. It is the best choice to combine carbohydrates.
Carbohydrate exists as an energy-supplying substance, and its other main function is to preserve protein.
In addition, a reasonable diet is to choose a variety of foods, so that the nutrients contained are complete and the proportion is appropriate to meet the needs of the human body.
1. Coarse grains should be matched with flour and rice: a reasonable combination of coarse and fine grains can improve the flavor of food, help supplement various nutritional components, and also improve the nutritional value and utilization rate of food.
2. The types of non-staple foods should be diversified, and meat and vegetables should be matched: meat, fish, milk, eggs and other foods are rich in high-quality protein, and various fresh vegetables and fruits are rich in vitamins and inorganic salts. The combination of the two can cook a variety of delicious dishes, which are not only nutritious, but also stimulate appetite, which is beneficial to digestion and absorption.
3. Matching of staple food and non-staple food: staple food refers to food crops mainly based on carbohydrates. The staple food can provide the main heat energy and protein, and the non-staple food can be supplemented with high-quality protein, inorganic salts and vitamins.
4. Lean diet: The staple food should be lean and lean according to the specific situation, which can increase satiety and help digestion and absorption.
5. Adapt to seasonal changes: the diet in summer should be light and refreshing, and hydrochloric acid food should be appropriately increased to increase appetite and supplement salt loss caused by sweating. The fat content of winter meals can be appropriately increased to increase heat energy and prepare reasonable meals:
(1) According to specific conditions (such as gender, age, labor intensity), determine the daily total calories and nutritional requirements.
(2) According to the proportion of carbohydrate (60% ~ 70%), fat (20% ~ 25%) and protein (10% ~ 15%) in the total daily heat energy, calculate their requirements respectively.
(3) After determining the nutrients needed every day, plan the daily meal according to the nutrients contained in the food.
(4) Determine the daily staple food supply and non-staple food quantity according to the economic and supply situation.
⑤ Finally, the nutritional content of all foods is calculated and compared with the supply standard. If the difference is within 10%, it meets the requirements.
Question 6: Can protein in eggs be quickly absorbed by human body? Milk contains lactose, which is a dimer of galactose and glucose, and galactose is one of them.
Where is the nutrition?
Eggs contain a lot of protein, protein is decomposed into amino acids, and the absorption of amino acids consumes energy (small
Active transport on the intestinal wall).
At this time, there is less glucose available in the blood, and galactose will be oxidized to provide energy.
Some protein in eggs will react with some nutrients in milk, which is a decline in nutritional value, so it is not suitable for eating together.
Look at these materials.
Many foods can't be eaten at the same time because of their different ingredients. Otherwise, some foods will react chemically in the body, producing sediments that the human body can't digest and absorb, and even cause adverse effects. Therefore, we know something about this kind of food.
1. Eggs and soybean milk should not be eaten together: people often eat soybean milk to wash eggs, thinking that both of them are rich in protein, which is good for health. From the point of view of scientific diet, the two should not be eaten together. Because raw soybean milk contains trypsin inhibitor, it can inhibit the activity of human protease and affect the digestion and absorption of protein in human body. Egg white contains viscous protein, which can combine with trypsin in soybean milk, so that the decomposition of protein is hindered, thus reducing the absorption rate of protein.
2. Radish and orange should not be eaten together; Clinical experiments have found that cruciferous vegetables such as radish can quickly produce a substance called thiocyanate after ingesting into human body, and then metabolize it to produce another antithyroid substance-thiocyanate. The production of this substance is directly proportional to the intake of steamed vegetables. At this time, if the flavonoids in oranges containing a lot of plant pigments are ingested at the same time, they will be decomposed by bacteria in the intestine and converted into hydroxybenzoic acid and ferulic acid. These two drugs can strengthen the inhibition of thiocyanate on thyroid function, thus inducing or leading to goiter. Therefore, these two foods should not be eaten together, especially in areas where goiter is prevalent or people who are suffering from goiter.
3. Persimmon and sweet potato should not be eaten together: Persimmon is sweet in taste, cold in nature, can clear away heat and promote fluid production, moisten the lungs, and contains nutrients such as protein, sugar, fat, pectin, tannic acid, vitamins and inorganic salts. Sweet potato is sweet in taste, flat in nature, tonifying deficiency and qi, tonifying kidney and strengthening spleen, and contains a lot of nutrients such as sugar. If you eat separately, it is good for your health, and if you eat at the same time, it is harmful to your health. Because eating sweet potatoes will produce a lot of hydrochloric acid in people's stomach, if you eat some persimmons, it will produce precipitates under the action of gastric acid, and the precipitates will pile up together to form water-insoluble ones.
4. Milk and chocolate should not be eaten together: milk is rich in protein's secret calcium, while chocolate contains oxalic acid. If they are eaten together, calcium in milk will combine with oxalic acid in chocolate to form a kind of water-insoluble calcium oxalate, which will not be absorbed after eating, and will also cause symptoms such as diarrhea and dry hair, which will affect growth and development, so it is not suitable for eating together.
5. Some fruits and seafood should not be eaten together; People like to eat seafood and fruits, especially children. However, it should be noted that if you eat grapes, hawthorn, pomegranate, persimmon and other fruits while eating seafood, you will have symptoms such as vomiting, abdominal distension, abdominal pain and diarrhea. Because these fruits contain tannic acid, protein in aquatic products will precipitate and solidify, forming indigestible substances. At the same time, tannic acid also has the effect of collecting sword, which can inhibit the secretion of digestive juice, make solidified substances stay in the intestine for a long time, and then cause fermentation. So don't eat seafood with the above water, and eat this fruit at intervals of more than 4 hours after eating seafood.
6. Milk, yogurt and cheese should not be eaten with broccoli, soybeans, spinach, amaranth and spinach. Because the former is rich in calcium, the chemical composition contained in the latter affects the digestion and absorption of calcium.
7. Others, such as mutton and watermelon; Bananas and taro; Preserved eggs and brown sugar; Tofu and honey; Cucumber and peanuts; Mustard and rabbit meat; Dogs and mung beans; Persimmon and crab should not be eaten at the same time.
The above foods that are not suitable for eating at the same time can be eaten separately, preferably at intervals of 3-4 hours to prevent mutual interference.
Question 7: Can protein be completely absorbed in the stomach? Why do they say it is in the small intestine? Protein cannot be completely absorbed by the stomach. Pepsinogen contained in gastric juice can decompose protein to produce a small amount of peptides and amino acids. Moreover, the main function of the stomach is to contain the food ingested during eating and mechanically digest the food for absorption by the small intestine. In the stomach, food is absorbed very little, only alcohol and a small amount of water are absorbed.
Well, personally, I think this topic is small intestine. Protein can only be absorbed by the small intestine after it is decomposed into amino acids. Protein can only be finally decomposed into amino acids under the action of trypsin and enteropeptidase. So there will be protein and peptide in the digestive juice of the small intestine, waiting to be digested and absorbed.