It is reported that the root cause of urticaria is due to the allergic constitution of patients. Studies have confirmed that allergic constitution is autosomal dominant inheritance, but different members of the same family may have different allergic diseases; The nature of antigen and the way it enters the body will also affect the synthesis of IgE. Some antigens that enter the human body in the same way will cause a strong allergic reaction, while others will not. The route of antigen entering the body and the frequency of contact have certain influence on the antibody production of the body.
The entry of antigen through mucosa is easy to stimulate IgE reaction; By injection, IgG is produced, and the more times you contact allergens, the greater the possibility of sensitization. At present, there is no exact report on the pathogenesis of acute and chronic urticaria. IgE-mediated mast cell activation is considered as the main immune pathway in acute urticaria. Autoimmune response is especially obvious in chronic urticaria. For example, Gteaves research shows that IgG antibody in chronic urticaria has high affinity with IgE receptor α chain (FcεRIa).
Microscopically, this kind of allergic diseases have similar manifestations, that is, increased secretion and edema, except that rhinitis and asthma occur in respiratory mucosa, urticaria and eczema occur in skin. But it can also be regarded as a disease located in the skin mucosa. In other words, the allergic constitution of patients with chronic urticaria is actually a summary of the characteristics of people who are prone to skin and mucosal edema after external stimulation.
Allergic constitution is closely related to allergic diseases. Our expression of the concept of allergic constitution is: specific constitution formed on the basis of heredity. Under the influence of external factors, its physiological function and self-regulation ability are low, and its responsiveness is enhanced. Its sensitivity tendency is manifested in the affinity and reactivity to different allergens, the difference of individual constitution and the tendency of family aggregation. Contact with a substance in the same environment, some people are allergic, some people are not allergic. This shows that allergies only occur in certain people. Obviously, this is a manifestation of the disorder or low physiological function and adaptability of allergic people. People who are not allergic have normal physiological functions and have the ability to adapt and adjust.
Paranos, an immunologist from the United Kingdom, and other researchers believe that the levels of serum interleukin -4(IL-4) and total IgE in patients with allergic constitution are significantly increased. At the same time, heredity plays an important role in the formation of specific constitution and the control of IgE reaction. When both parents are allergic, their children have a 70% genetic possibility; Simple mother allergy, the child has a 50% genetic possibility; Simple father allergy, children have 30% genetic possibility; Some of them also appear in the range of brothers and sisters, grandparents, uncles and parents.
What should I do if I get urticaria?
1, allergen found
Under normal circumstances, after urticaria appears, it needs timely and reasonable treatment. In the process of treatment, we can find the source of allergy to improve it, because many bad factors can cause urticaria after stimulating the body. If these bad factors can be eliminated, the purpose of treating diseases can often be achieved. For example, improving personal diet, adjusting living habits and controlling personal emotions can effectively improve the condition of eczema.
2. Oral drugs
Urticaria, a skin disease, can be treated with oral drugs at this time. General oral drugs can choose antihistamines to help relieve itching and eliminate the symptoms of itching in skin areas. In addition, oral administration or injection of glucocorticoid can improve the condition of urticaria. However, anti-allergic drugs can not be used for a long time, which is easy to bring side effects. More importantly, you must follow the doctor's advice.
Step 3 adjust your allergies
With the development of immunology, aiming at allergic constitution, more and more experts and scholars at home and abroad put forward probiotic immunotherapy, which can adjust the balance of immune cells and improve allergic constitution by supplementing special antiallergic probiotics with antiallergic drugs.
Xinmin Kang anti-allergic probiotics combined with cetirizine drops can effectively improve the total effective rate of chronic urticaria. A total of * * 1 53 children participated in the experiment, among which 80 children took cetirizine drops 1ml and xinminkang1bag (bacterial content15 billion) every day for *** 15 days. Another 73 children were given cetirizine drops 1 ml every day for *** 15 days.
In the later follow-up, it was found that the intestinal flora of children who took Xinmin Kang probiotics for a long time tended to be balanced, and the specific IgE content in serum decreased, which reduced the release of histamine from mast cells, inhibited the degranulation of sensitized cells and reduced the release of inflammatory mediators such as 5- hydroxytryptamine. Improve the allergic constitution by improving the immunity of patients, and fundamentally reduce the recurrence rate of chronic urticaria.
Probiotics, as beneficial bacteria to promote human health, have many functions. It can not only promote digestion and absorption, reduce blood cholesterol, but also comprehensively regulate immune function. Xinminkang anti-allergic probiotics can balance intestinal flora, stimulate immune cells to reduce the production of specific IgE antibodies in serum, reduce the secretion of cytokines related to allergic reactions, reduce the stress response of immune cells to allergens, improve allergic constitution and reduce the recurrence rate of urticaria.
4. Develop good living habits
Most chronic diseases are caused by unhealthy and unreasonable living habits. There is no shortcut to cure chronic urticaria. Developing good living habits and strengthening personal physique are the only way to reduce allergies and bid farewell to diseases. Good living habits, in addition to regular work and rest, keeping a light diet, increasing physical exercise, and actively staying away from allergens, should also avoid skin irritation in daily life, including scratching the affected area, scalding with hot water, and abusing irritating topical drugs.