Joy means ecstasy. In the old days, there was a so-called "four joys": in the ten years of drought, an old friend was met thousands of miles away, and a monk spent the night in his bridal chamber and donated to be the number one scholar. This sudden ecstasy can lead to "slow breathing", that is, the heart is lax, the qi and blood are weak, the blood stasis is stagnant, and then there are symptoms such as palpitation, heartache, insomnia and forgetfulness. The idiom "get carried away" can show that God is not hiding because of exultation and cannot control his physical activities. Yu Chang, a medical scientist in the Qing Dynasty, wrote a case in Moral Grass: "Once upon a time, there was a new wealth, and he immediately became complacent and died with a smile." In The Biography of Yue Shu, Niu Hao was overjoyed by his defeat of Hong Yan Wu Shu. He laughed three times and was out of breath. He immediately fell to the ground and died. It has been seen that happiness is harmful to human health. There is a female patient with acute myocardial infarction who has been hospitalized and her condition has improved. On the day of discharge, she suddenly saw her daughter who was thousands of miles away coming from other places to meet her. She was so excited that she fell to the ground and died. All these examples show that sudden joy, ecstasy and ecstasy are also harmful to health.
Worry refers to sadness, depression and anxiety. Expressed in emotions, loss of joy, sadness and wailing, timidity and weakness. Those who are faint, frowning, unhappy, talkative, depressed, depressed and sighing alone; In severe cases, sleep difficulties, mental weakness or nervousness, and irritability will lead to symptoms such as cough, choking cough, vomiting, anorexia, insomnia, constipation, impotence, epilepsy, and even induce cancer or other difficult and serious diseases. As the saying goes, "Worry adds sorrow, and the more you worry, the worse you get", "Worry adds sorrow, and people get old", "Worry adds sorrow, and grow old together". Actually, that's it. Wu Zixu in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, because of no plan, broke through Zhaoguan and became blue and white overnight. Liu Zongyuan, a writer in the Tang Dynasty, was outstanding in talent. However, due to the blow, Liu Zongyuan was relegated for a long time, and his depressed relegation life made him haggard and weak, and he was infected with cholera poisoning at the age of 47.
Anger means rage or excessive anger. It is because a certain purpose and desire can not be achieved, gradually deepening the tension, and finally getting angry. It can be manifested as going on the rampage, striking tables and swearing, punching and kicking, killing people and animals, and destroying utensils. Mild people will have stagnation of liver qi and loss of appetite; In severe cases, there will be pallor, trembling limbs and even fainting and death. In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhou Yu was a general who was "both civil and military, with a heroic posture ……", but Zhuge Liang was furious with him. Of course, if it is mild anger, it will help to suppress the expression of emotions and be beneficial to health.
Thinking, thinking is to concentrate on thinking, but excessive thinking can also lead to many diseases. Among them, the spleen is the most vulnerable and the spleen and stomach are dereliction of duty, so the appetite is greatly reduced and the diet is not changed. Therefore, Chinese medicine has the saying that thinking hurts the spleen. According to "Lv's Spring and Autumn Annals", due to excessive thinking, the function of the spleen and stomach was damaged, and the accumulated food stopped in the stomach, which could not be cured for a long time. Later, the scriptures used anger to make him spit out the food accumulated in his stomach and recovered. Modern medical research has confirmed that intellectuals who have been engaged in mental work for a long time and have a high degree of brain tension are prone to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and digestive tract ulcers, which is consistent with the theory of "thinking about the spleen" in traditional Chinese medicine.
Sadness means sadness, sadness, sadness. Such as childhood bereavement, middle-aged bereavement and old-age bereavement; Or lovelorn; Or you lost your precious things, or you were robbed and affected, and so on, you will feel very sad and sad, and sadness will turn into depression and despair. In short, the generation of sadness is related to the loss of things and purposes pursued and hoped; The degree of sadness is related to the value of what is lost. If you are too sad, it will lead to cardiopulmonary stagnation and depression. As the Huangdi Neijing said: "Sadness leads to the elimination of qi." People who are heartbroken can also lead to fainting or sudden death, and they are more likely to get cancer or other incurable diseases than others.
Surprise refers to the sudden psychological tension caused by unexpected or extraordinary events. If you hear loud noises, see monsters and have nightmares at night, you will be frightened. After being frightened, it can be manifested as pallor, callousness, cold sweat oozing, body movement failure, or dropping things in one's hand, or even screaming, numbness of servants, incontinence of urine and urine, which is often called "fear of bow". Almost everyone has this experience. When they are in a state of panic, they will feel their hearts pounding, which is caused by the excitement of the sympathetic nervous system caused by emotions. Elevated blood pressure is also the most common manifestation. Someone made an armchair specially. As soon as the button is pressed, the chair immediately leans back. Let the subjects sit close to the back of the chair and measure their blood pressure; Then suddenly press the button and the back of the chair will fall down immediately. The man was suddenly frightened and his blood pressure suddenly rose. Scientific experiments show that the increase of blood pressure caused by panic is mostly manifested as the increase of systolic blood pressure, and its mechanism is the increase of pumping capacity of the heart.
Fear refers to anxiety, inner fear and mental stress. Example is approaching the abyss, walking on thin ice, people will catch them. In severe cases, it can also lead to coma and incontinence. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that excessive fear will consume kidney qi, so that the essence will sink but not rise. Abnormal lifting will lead to incontinence, nocturnal emission, spermatorrhea and other symptoms, and in severe cases, mental disorder, epilepsy or pain will occur. Fear and shock are closely related, slightly different. If you have shock first, you will be afraid, so you will often panic and bring it up. However, shocks mostly come from the outside, and fears are often endogenous.
To sum up, seven emotions are too evil. Too much mainly refers to two situations: one is that the mood swings are too big and intense, such as ecstasy, anger, sudden shock, fear and other sudden intense emotions, which often cause illness and hurt people quickly; Another situation is that the seven emotions last too long, which will also hurt people and cause diseases. If you are sad for a long time, think too much, and often feel bad, these can accumulate into diseases.
Mechanism of emotional diseases
Its mechanism mainly affects the stability of human internal environment, such as qi disorder, viscera dysfunction, yin and yang and essence and blood damage.
(1) Visceral damage. Huangdi Neijing pointed out that "excessive emotion will damage the zang-fu organs", indicating that uncontrolled emotion will damage the function of the zang-fu organs. Specifically, it is: "Anger hurts the liver, likes to hurt the spleen, grieves the lungs, and fears to hurt the kidneys." But clinically, it is not that one emotion only hurts one fixed viscera, which can not only hurt several dirty feelings, but also hurt several dirty feelings. If you think too much, it will affect the digestion and absorption function of the spleen, and too much sadness will also affect the spleen, leading to loss of appetite and bloating. Another example is joy and sorrow, but Huangdi Neijing also puts forward: "Sorrow and trouble make the heart move, and the heart moves the five internal organs." It shows that all bad emotions will affect the heart, and because "the heart is the master of the internal organs", the heart is injured and the overall function of the human body will be damaged.
(2) Affect the qi movement. Qi-moving machine is the basic form of qi movement, and the functional activities and relationships of qi, blood, body fluids in human viscera and meridians depend on the rise and fall of Qi-moving machine. Emotional diseases, first of all, disturb qi, as (Huangdi Neijing) said: "I know that all diseases are born of qi." Anger is anger, joy is anger, sadness is anger, fear is anger, shock is anger, and thinking is anger. " Up and down here, indicating that qi activity is abnormal; The knot here shows that the gas is stagnant and the operation is not smooth; In addition, elimination, relaxation and disorder are also obstacles to qi movement. It can be seen that the excessive seven emotions have a serious impact on human qi, and as the original text said, "All diseases are born of qi", that is, many diseases are related to the stimulation of seven emotions, thus causing qi disorder.
③ Xue Jing loss. Huangdi Neijing said: "Anger is a violation of qi, and even vomiting blood and diarrhea", indicating that anger can make blood vomit with qi violation. Huangdi Neijing also said: "Fear that you don't understand will damage the essence ... when the essence comes down", the essence here comes down, that is, there are too many fears, and the yin essence hidden in the five internal organs loses control and dissipates. "Introduction to Medicine" also points out that "blind excitement can't control blood", which means excessive.
Emotional health
Happiness leads to scattered qi and blood and poor blood flow. In addition, excessive thinking will not only consume sad blood, but also affect appetite, resulting in insufficient blood and blood biochemistry, both of which will cause loss of blood and essence.
(4) imbalance of yin and yang. Huangdi Neijing says: "Happiness hurts Yang, and anger hurts Yin", which shows that excessive emotions will hurt Yin and Yang. Huangdi Neijing also said: "panic leads to separation of qi and blood, and yin and yang break up." Yin and yang break up, that is, yin and yang imbalance. The coordination of yin and yang is considered by Chinese medicine as the basic condition for maintaining human life activities. "Yin and Yang are secrets, God is alive, Yin and Yang are separated, and the essence is perfect", which shows that the seven emotions must be paid attention to.
(5) first sad, then injured. "Peng Zu's Theory of Nourishing Life and Nourishing Nature" said: "If you accumulate more, your soul will be hurt; When you are angry, your spirit will be scattered. If you are too angry, God will not return. Hate love is impermanent, and God does not exist; If you want to learn, God will be annoyed. If you think hard, you will be defeated. It can be seen that too many emotions can make people insane. The soul here belongs to a form of mental activity, in which the soul is an instinctive and unconditional reflex feeling and action, including hearing, touch, vision, pain and some physical movements, which are closely related to the essence. Soul is also a form of God's activity. If it acts alone without God's control, it will show sleepwalking, hallucinations and so on. Emotional excitement not only hurts the mind, but also hurts the body. For example, Huangdi Neijing said: "Anger hurts Yin, and sudden joy hurts Yang. Asphyxiation goes up and the pulse condition is deformed. " The pulse here is full, which is the result of emotional injury to yin and yang first and then to the body. As can be seen from the above, seven emotions cause disease, which is different from exogenous six evils. Six, lewdness hurts the body, and emotional illness hurts the body first.
Modern medicine's understanding of mental factors causing diseases.
In the book "Longevity of Life", foreign scholar Hu Flanders pointed out: "Among all the adverse effects on people, bad emotions and bad moods can make people short-lived, such as anxiety, depression, fear, greed, cowardice, jealousy and hatred." Pavlov pointed out: "All stubborn and heavy worries and anxieties are enough to open the door to various diseases." Facts have proved that 50% ~ 80% of the existing diseases are related to mental factors. According to the statistics of foreign scholars, 74% ~ 76% people get sick because they are in a bad mood; According to the statistics of patients in an American hospital, it is found that 65% of patients' diseases are related to social adversity. It has been found that 59% of the 170 cases that died in a short time after experiencing intense stimulation and intense emotional fluctuation died after the news of personal misfortune and great loss came; 34% died in dangerous or threatening situations; 7% died of excessive excitement. Pirogov, a surgeon in the former Soviet Union, observed that "the wounds of winners heal faster and better than those of losers". The above shows that emotional factors play an important role in the occurrence, development and prevention of diseases. When the stimulation of any bad mood exceeds a certain limit, it may cause the disorder of the central nervous system function, mainly sympathetic nerve excitement, increased release of catecholamine, increased secretion of hormones in adrenal cortex and anterior pituitary gland, and decreased secretion of insulin, thus causing the adjustment disorder of the organs controlled by the nerves in the body, and a series of body changes, dysfunction and metabolic changes, including cardiovascular system, respiratory system, digestive system, endocrine system, autonomic nervous system and other abnormal phenomena.
Emotion and cardiovascular diseases. Persistent emotional tension and mental fatigue are the causes of hypertension. In daily life, some people often cause cardiovascular diseases and even death because of rage, fear, tension or excessive excitement. Some scholars have observed that the casual words of medical staff, even their expressions and actions, will cause the blood pressure of patients to fluctuate. Medical workers in China have studied 323 cases of hypertension, and found that the bad personality before the onset accounted for 74.5% of the causes of hypertension. Experimental studies have proved that under angry mood, diastolic blood pressure can be significantly increased due to the increase of peripheral vascular resistance. In the mood of fear, due to the increase of cardiac output, systolic blood pressure can increase. It shows that the effect of emotion on the body has a biological basis.
Excessive emotions lead to serious disorder of nervous system, which can lead to various neurosis, including neurasthenia, hysteria, obsessive-compulsive disorder and so on. Extremely serious, it can also lead to insanity and behavioral disorders. The so-called reactive psychosis is mostly caused by this. It is a mental disorder caused by strong, sudden or lasting mental factors. Jin Fan failed many times in the exam. Nearly half a year later, he was suddenly admitted. When he was ecstatic, he suddenly fainted. Then he ran around and shouted, so everyone said, "The nouveau riche is crazy with joy!" " This story in The Scholars vividly illustrates the insanity caused by excessive seven emotions.
In particular, the digestive system is also sensitive to emotions. According to research statistics, the digestive system is dysfunctional. 70% ~ 80% people get sick because they are in a bad mood. Such as anorexia, nausea and vomiting, stomachache and chronic gastritis. Peptic ulcer, colon allergy, abdominal pain and diarrhea. As early as the last century, a doctor named Orff found that the function of the stomach was affected by emotions almost every minute. He reported a typical example. A 9-year-old child was forced to open his mouth on the abdominal wall and put food into his stomach through a funnel because of severe esophageal burn and scar contraction. Doctors use instruments to observe the influence of their emotions on the stomach. The results show that when the patient is angry, the gastric mucosa is congested and red, the stomach movement is strengthened and the gastric acid secretion is increased. When he is sad, the gastric mucosa becomes pale, the movement of the stomach weakens, and the secretion of the stomach decreases.
In terms of breathing, mental factors also have an impact. When you are hit hard and lose your mental balance, it will cause chest tightness, shortness of breath, heart rate changes, pale face, sweating on your head and forehead, asthma and so on. When hyperventilating, the carbon dioxide content in the blood decreases, and then there will be finger numbness, muscle trembling, dizziness and even fainting.
For endocrine system, intense stimulation will lead to diseases such as diabetes and hyperthyroidism. A reporter reported that if you go to the endocrinology clinic of Union Medical College Hospital to find out, about half of the patients have thyroid diseases, and the most common one is hyperthyroidism. Professor Bai from the Department of Endocrinology warned people: "Excessive stress, long-term anxiety and other mental burdens are important factors inducing hyperthyroidism." From the complaints of hyperthyroidism patients, we can know that they go to school, go abroad, be promoted, be promoted, etc. It can lead to mood swings, while overwork in work and study can cause persistent mental stress, which is more closely related to the onset, and there are fewer patients with hyperthyroidism in rural areas.
Cancer is one of the diseases that threaten human life. Together with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, it is called "the three major deaths in the world". There are more than 20 million cancer patients all over the world, and millions of people die every year. Although there are many reasons leading to cancer, in recent years, a large number of scientific experiments have confirmed that bad psychological-social stimulation is a strong factor promoting cancer, which has been confirmed by animal experiments. These dogs are divided into two groups. One group kept them in a state of panic for a long time, while the other group lived in a quiet environment. As a result, three of the six dogs in the first group died of cancer, while four dogs in the second group were safe and sound. Modern psychosomatic medicine experiments have proved that bad psychological factors, excessive tension, depression and sadness can degenerate thymus, hinder the maturation of immune T lymphocytes, inhibit immune function and induce cancer through steroid action.
At present, with the deepening of reform and opening up, the sense of competition is increasingly strong, and unpleasant things often go hand in hand with people. Everything is possible, and psychological contradictions and psychological blows are inevitable. Once the ideological understanding is improper, it will cause psychological imbalance, which will lead to mental illness. In addition, due to the development of industry, especially chemical industry, the pollution of air and water sources is becoming more and more serious. People's brain cells and nerve cells are constantly infringed by chemical substances, and the emergency ability of nerves is reduced, and the physiological function of nerves is hindered, resulting in "psychological diseases".
As can be seen from the above, both modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine attach great importance to emotional diseases. Therefore, it is very important to avoid the stimulation of bad mental factors and maintain mental health.