How many layers of car paint are there?
Automobile paint is divided into four layers in the traditional painting process, which plays a role in protecting and beautifying the car body. With the improvement of technology, the complexity can reach seven or eight layers. Take the four layers of traditional technology as an example. From inside to outside, there are electrophoresis, medium coating, color paint and varnish in turn.
1. Electrophoresis layer (cathodic electrophoresis)
Put the pretreated BIW into the electrophoretic paint with cations, apply positive electricity to the anode tube on the bottom and wall of the electrophoretic bath, and apply negative electricity to the car body, so that a potential difference is formed between the anode tube and the car body. Under the action of potential difference, the positively charged cationic electrophoretic paint migrates to BIW, and finally absorbs on the car body to form a dense paint film, which is called electrophoretic paint. Electrophoretic paint will become an electrophoretic layer after drying in the oven.
Electrophoretic layer can be regarded as a paint layer directly attached to the car body steel plate, so it is also called primer. In fact, a phosphating layer is formed between the electrophoretic layer and the steel plate. The phosphating layer is very thin, only a few microns. ..
Electrophoretic layer has two main functions, one is rust prevention, and the other is to improve the adhesion of paint layer. The antirust ability of electrophoretic coatings is the most important and key among the four paint layers of car paint.
2. Intermediate coating
The intermediate coating is a coating layer between the electrophoretic layer and the colored coating layer. The intermediate coating is sprayed by robots.
Its function is relatively simple, it can resist ultraviolet rays, protect the electrophoretic layer, improve the antirust ability, give consideration to the smoothness and impact resistance of the paint surface, and finally provide a certain adhesion for the colored paint layer. It can be seen that the intermediate coating is actually a connecting paint layer, which plays the role of connecting the electrophoretic layer and the colored paint layer.
3. Color paint layer
Paint layer, as the name implies, is a colorful paint layer, whether it is red or black, kingfisher blue, Pittsburgh gray, cashmere silver or supersonic seasonal white, which provides us with the most direct color perception. The quality of paint directly determines the expressive force of car body color, and functionality is very important.
According to the different additives, the colors can be divided into three types: ordinary paint, metallic paint and pearlescent paint.
(1) Plain paint is solid color, red is just red, and white is just white. Very simple, there is no other hue doping and metallic flash, so it is called plain paint. Compared with metallic paint and pearlescent paint, plain paint has lower cost and monotonous color, and will not change even under different lighting conditions.
(2) Metal paint is based on ordinary paint, and metal particles (aluminum powder) are added. The earliest car painting, only ordinary paint. Later, it was found that adding ground aluminum powder to plain paint showed a metallic texture. Under the illumination, the light is reflected by aluminum powder and comes out through the paint film, as if the whole paint layer is shining with metallic luster.
Metallic paints are widely used at present, and most of the dark colors are metallic paints, such as red, yellow, blue, green, purple, silver and gray.
(3) Pearlescent paint can be understood as replacing aluminum powder in metallic paint with mica or pearl powder (rarely used by manufacturers), and metallic paint becomes pearlescent paint. At present, pearlescent paint is mainly white, which is often called pearlescent white. In the light, it is not pure white, but pearl-like color. This is because mica itself is a flaky transparent crystal. After the light enters the paint layer, the refraction and interference through mica will be very complicated, and mica itself has some shades of green, brown, yellow and pink, which makes the pearlescent paint add extremely rich pearlescent flashes on the basis of the main color. The same paint surface will change slightly from different angles, and the richness and rendering power of colors will be greatly increased, giving people a sense of luxury and nobility.
4, varnish layer
The varnish layer is the outermost layer of car paint, and it is a transparent paint layer that we can directly touch with our fingertips. The main function of varnish is to improve luster, texture, ultraviolet protection and slight scratch prevention.
Although the original car paint has several layers, it is still relatively thin. Later, it still needs crystal plating or invisible car clothing protection.
What are the maintenance methods of paint?
The correct method of paint protection:
1. Park your car in the garage as much as possible. When parking, don't expose yourself to the sun to reduce the rain.
Don't dry the car. Small sand on it may wear the paint surface, so it must be washed with water.
The car you just bought, glaze it once, then polish it less and wax it more.
Go out and park. Don't park. If you get in the way, you will be asked to draw.
Wrong paint protection method:
1, often washing cars in street shops.
Some car owners think that there is not much difference between street shop car washing and professional beauty shop car washing. Actually, this is not the case, because the cheap cleaners used in street shops are usually very alkaline and the water used is not necessarily clean. Although they can also make cars clean, they do great damage to car paint.
I am too lazy to wash the car in rainy days.
Now the air pollution in the city is very serious, and it often rains acid rain, which is very corrosive to the car body. Therefore, car owners should not think that they can be lazy and not wash their cars in rainy days. In fact, on the contrary, they need to wash their cars frequently.
This new car doesn't need paint maintenance.
The new car is really in the best condition, but the paint maintenance should start from the day when the new car comes out of the 4S shop, and the TCM regimen of "three-point treatment and seven-point maintenance" is also applicable to the new car. When you get a new car, paint is the easiest to damage. General scratches, paint scars, white scars. That's paint. The surface was scratched. There is no need to touch up the paint. Light, pat it with sand wax or wax several times. If it's heavy, just polish it.
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