Guidance therapy, the indications of guidance therapy summarized in Neijing are "flaccidity, syncope, cold and heat" and "depression", and the clinical cooperation is "massage". It is also mentioned that the treatment of tendon diseases adopts the combination of hot medicine and dredging. Zhang Zhongjing, a famous doctor in the Eastern Han Dynasty, emphasized the treatment of "heavy stagnation" of limbs with "guidance, rest, acupuncture and rubbing" in "Synopsis of the Golden Chamber". Some lost articles in Hua Tuo's China Tibetan Classics also point out: "Guiding energy to drive away the joints of guests"; "It is better to guide than to guide, so that people will invade the joints and it is difficult to consolidate." Doctors in the Han dynasty gradually deepened their understanding of guided therapy, and the scope of using guided therapy also expanded.
The application of medical guidance and health care guidance in medical care has also made new progress. Among the Laozi school and alchemists, few people take the initiative to take guidance as a means of health preservation. For example, in the early Han Dynasty, "I want to abandon personnel and walk in red pine, but learn to avoid the valley, lead the way, and be intellectual" ("Historical Records, Stay with Hou Shijia"); Li,, et al. used "guiding qi to nourish nature" (On Balance and Daoxu); The post-Han people were wary of "Mu Song, Qiao Zhi's Guidance" (Biography of the Later Han Dynasty and Yimin). The wind of "guiding and nurturing" prevailed in the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Western Han Dynasty. Many alchemists mentioned in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty are good at guiding health preservation. These people have undoubtedly contributed to the development of guidance, but their purpose of "guidance and training" is to hope to live forever. Therefore, some mysterious things were also mixed into the guiding spirit that was popular at that time.
However, Huan Tan, a famous atheist and materialist thinker in the Eastern Han Dynasty, thought in his New Theory of Form and Spirit that there is a limit to human life, and immortality does not exist, and advocated not to exaggerate the role of health preservation and excessively pursue longevity. Taking care of your body may revive your fallen teeth, turn your white hair black and make your face shiny, but if your body fails, you will die. Huan Tan's view that "health preservation is effective, but limited" conforms to objective laws and dialectically, and has great influence on society at that time. Later, another great materialist thinker, Wang Chong, was also an atheist and criticized all kinds of mysticism circulating in society since the Western Han Dynasty.
1973 The silk painting "Guide Map" unearthed from No.3 Han Tomb in Mawangdui, Changsha, Hunan Province is extremely valuable information for understanding the development of Guide in the Han Dynasty. In the guide map, there are 44 people doing various kinds of guidance. Each picture is an independent introduction, and there are simple words beside the picture to indicate the name. This "tour guide map" fully embodies the diversity of tour guide technology at that time. Judging from the guiding function, it is not only used for treating diseases, but also for fitness. From the form of body movements, there are vertical guidance, step guidance and sitting guidance; There are not only the instructions of bare hands, but also the instructions of using utensils, coordinating breathing movements, purely physical movements, and a large number of instructions of imitating animal gestures. Some basic movements of gymnastics today can also be seen in the map. It can also be said that this is the earliest and most complete ancient gymnastics pattern discovered so far.