The internal factors that can affect life span are as follows.
Why does the brain age?
For people over 60 years old, a large amount of lipofuscin is accumulated in brain cells, and the brain will age. Injection of vitamin E can reduce lipofuscin in brain cells and delay aging.
Heart rate is closely related to life span.
A scholar believes that 800 million heartbeats are the limit of animal life. Fast heart rate leads to short life span, while slow heart rate leads to long life span. When the turtle's heart rate is the slowest, it is less than 10 times per minute, and its life span can reach 500 years. The cat's heartbeat is as high as one minute.
240 times, life is only a few years. Lowering the heart rate through exercise is an important way to prolong life. Healthy people walking 4 kilometers a day, 1 hour, can stimulate the vagus nerve, thus slowing down the heart rate.
But if the heart rate is too slow, people will die.
People with high levels of hypnotic peptides with dreams in their brains live longer.
Researchers at Yamanashi University found that there are two kinds of hypnotic peptides in the human brain, one is dreamless sleep and the other is dreamless sleep. They successfully isolated the dream sleep-inducing peptide and applied it to animals to prolong the dream period of their sleep. Therefore, the average life span of experimental animals is greatly improved. The content of hypnotic peptides with dreams in the brains of many dreamers is higher than that without dreams, which can prolong life.
Death hormones affect people's life span.
Some foreign scholars believe that biological death may be related to the "death hormone" secreted by it. The female octopus fasted from the sixth day of ovulation and hatched eggs wholeheartedly. More than 40 days later, when the little octopus hatched,
After that, the female octopus died soon. This is because there are a pair of glands behind the eye socket of octopus, at this time, a chemical substance will be secreted, which will promote the death of organisms, so it is called "death hormone". The human pituitary gland will also release "death shock"
Element ",it will inhibit the thyroid gland from secreting thyroxine. Once people lack thyroxine, they will feel weak, don't want to eat, and will soon die. If we can delay the secretion of "death hormone", we can prolong our life.
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Old people with high cholesterol live longer.
In recent years, some scholars have suggested that the elderly with high cholesterol live longer on the grounds that adrenocortical hormone, which is very important for maintaining human physiological function, cannot be separated from cholesterol; Cholesterol can maintain the function of phagocytes in the human body and devour bacteria and cancer cells in the human body. According to the survey, the incidence of lung cancer, liver cancer, colon cancer and pancreatic cancer in people with low cholesterol is 3-4 times higher.
There is a telomere at the top of chromosome, which affects cell life.
There is a telomere at the top of the chromosome in human nucleus. Every time a cell divides, the telomere is shortened, and the cell divides at most 100 times. When telomeres can no longer be shortened, cells can't divide and begin to die. Telomeres are recognized.
As a "life clock", in 1984, scientists discovered a kind of telomerase, which can maintain the telomere length of cancer cells and make them proliferate indefinitely, but it has no effect on most cells.
Genes on chromosomes control life span.
Dr. Helfand, an American medical scientist, discovered the "longevity" gene of Drosophila, which can make Drosophila cells "go on a diet" and control their energy absorption. This longevity gene is distributed on two chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster. If we only change the gene on one chromosome, the life span of fruit flies can be doubled. If the genes on two chromosomes change at the same time, fruit flies will starve to death because of excessive "dieting".
Life span is also related to genetic structure.
Professor Walter Longo, a biomedical scientist at the University of Southern California, found that changing the gene structure and removing two genes, SIR2 and SCH9, can prolong the life of yeast by six times. After removing these two genes, the life span of mice was significantly prolonged; But no human experiments have been conducted.
Longevity is related to mitochondria.
Mitochondria is a kind of organelle in cytoplasm, which provides energy for cells and regulates the concentration of calcium ions in cells. The 10398 base on mitochondrial DNA varies from person to person, some people contain guanine (G type) and some people contain adenine (A type). People with guanine (G type) generally live longer.
Life is measured by the shape of the human body.
People with thick waists have short lives, while those with thin waists have long lives. A long-lived old man has no waist. Height affects life span. Tall people live short, short people live long. Every increase of10cm shortens the average life span by 8 years. The best height for men should be 1.67m (some people say 1.7 1m), and for women it should be 1.58m (some people say 1.57m). People who don't lose much weight when they are old.