Mencius said, "I am loyal to my country. If Hanoi is fierce, we will move the people to Hedong and the millet to Hanoi; Hedong is also fierce. If you look at the politics of neighboring countries, I have no intention at all. The number of people in neighboring countries does not increase or decrease. Why not increase our number? " Mencius said to him, "The king is belligerent. Please use the analogy of war. When it is full, the blade is connected, the armor is abandoned, and the soldiers leave. Or stop after a hundred steps, or stop after fifty steps. What if the pot is too black? " Say, "no! Even if you don't walk a hundred steps straight, you can walk. " Yue: "If Wang knows this, people are even more hopeless than neighboring countries." If you don't go against the farming season, you can't eat. If the number (ù) does not enter the pool (wū), the fish and turtles will not be able to eat; Axe gold enters the mountain in time, and wood and wood cannot be used. Valley, fish and turtles can't be used, and wood and wood can't be used, which makes people lose their health (sāng) and have no regrets. Life and loss (sāng) have no regrets, and the king begins. "A house of five acres, a tree with mulberry trees, fifty people can dress (y) silks. Chickens, dolphins and dogs. " I want to teach you the order of Xi and apply it in the sense of filial piety (t √). People who are given white clothes will not be put on the road. 70 people are clothed with meat, but the people are not hungry or cold. However, those who are not xiáng (w √√√√√√) There are so many people in the world. "(Note: I directly quote the segmentation format of the same language, that is, quotation marks are used at the beginning of each paragraph and at the end of the last paragraph." In order to prevent incorrect correction, it is hereby declared. Liang, who edited this translation, said, "I am really patriotic! Wei land on the north bank of the Yellow River suffered from crop failure and famine, so (I) moved the people there to Hedong, and at the same time transported the grain from Hedong to Hanoi; I did the same thing when there was a famine in Hedong. When I visited the rulers of neighboring countries, no king was so attentive as me. The people of neighboring countries have not decreased more, and my people have not increased more. Why? " Mencius replied, "Your Majesty likes war, so I will use it as a metaphor. Beating drums, the blades of weapons collide, throwing away armor and dragging weapons to escape. Some people stop after running a hundred paces, while others stop after running fifty paces. What if they laugh at others running a hundred paces? " Hui Wangdao: "No, if you don't run a hundred paces, you will escape." Mencius said, "If you understand this, don't want to have many neighbors." "If you don't go against the season of agricultural production, you will never be able to eat." If the mesh is less than four inches [now more than two inches and seven minutes], it is forbidden to fish in the pond. Axes cut trees in the mountains according to a certain season (when the vegetation withers, the growing season has passed), and the wood will be inexhaustible. Food, fish and turtles can't be eaten up, and firewood can't be used up, which makes the people have no regrets about supporting the old and the young and holding funerals for the dead, and the people have no dissatisfaction with life and death. This is the beginning of kingliness. "In five acres of residential land (five acres: more than two hairs per acre), mulberry trees can be planted inside, and people of fifty can wear silk fabrics. In the breeding of poultry and livestock such as chickens, pigs and dogs (finless porpoises: piglets: big pigs), don't delay their reproductive opportunities. 70-year-olds can eat meat. " There is no hunger in a family of several people (number: several). Earnestly do a good job in school education, and repeatedly carry out the education of filial piety to parents and love for older brothers (school is called school in the Yin Dynasty and Zhou Dynasty), so that gray-haired old people will not walk on the road with their heads up or heavy objects on their backs. Seventy-year-old people wear clothes and eat meat, and ordinary people will not be hungry or frozen. This has never happened before. "Rich people let pigs and dogs eat people and don't know how to restrain them. There are people starving to death on the road, but they don't know who opened the granary to help the disaster relief. When people die, they say,' It's not my fault, it's caused by poor years.' What's the difference between this statement and stabbing and killing people and saying,' I didn't kill them, it was the weapon'? If the king doesn't blame Niancheng, then all the people in the world (referring to people from other vassal States) will come to submit. "Editor's brief analysis, Mencius is the most famous master of Confucianism after Confucius. The core of his theory is to talk about "benevolence" and "benevolent politics", that is, to implement the so-called "king". Its theoretical basis is people-oriented thought and attaches importance to people's right to exist. Therefore, Mencius cares about those heartless people. The feudal princes who brutally plundered the people hated it. " I am for the country "made a bitter mockery of Liang, who claimed to be a saint, and angrily pointed out that some feudal princes claimed to be" parents for the people ",but in fact" led animals and ate people ",which was a disaster for the people. "Mencius" makes good use of metaphors and fables to reason, and his argument skills are very clever, which is clearly reflected in this paper. I like to use parallelism and antithesis, and my writing is aggressive. The editor of this article discusses that my country is a chapter in Mencius Hui Liang Wang Shang, and it is one of the articles that show Mencius' thought of "benevolent government". This paper discusses how to implement "benevolent government" and unify the world with "king". " If you don't regret keeping in good health, you can win the world only if you win the hearts of the people. This idea of "protecting the people is king" is actually the embodiment of Mencius' people-oriented thought. The full text can be divided into three parts. The first part (1 paragraph) puts forward the problem of "the people are in poverty". During the Warring States period, the rulers of various vassal states fought for cities and land, attacking each other and fighting for land. Fight for the city and kill the city "; Cruel exploitation at home, heavy labor, destruction of productivity. This has led to a shortage of personnel and labor. Competing for manpower has become a top priority for the rulers of various vassal States. Liang boasted that "I am also loyal to the country" before he raised the issue of "the people are in dire straits", and then took disaster relief to save the people as an example, claiming that he was better than "the politics of neighboring countries" in governing the country, "Hanoi is fierce" and "Hedong is also fierce". Describe the specific measures of disaster relief from two aspects. "If you look at the politics of neighboring countries, I have no intention at all", which further highlights Liang's self-esteem and paves the way for the later "pot calling the kettle black". "There are not many people in neighboring countries, and there are not many people in me. Why? Liang hoped that more people would join him. Mencius used Liang's psychology to promote the idea of "benevolent politics" and wanted to guide him to practice kingly politics. The second part (paragraphs 2-4) analyzes the reasons for "few people add". Mencius did not directly answer the question of "few people add", but used familiar metaphors to inspire each other and make them easy to accept. "Wang cited two examples of deserters" leaving without armour ". According to the distance of defeat and escape, the rhetorical question "What if we point the pot at pot calling the kettle black" is put forward, which further inspires the other party to say something that denies his argument unconsciously: "No, we can't go straight, but we can also go." Finally, we used our son's spear to attack our son's shield. "If the king knew this, there would be no hope that there would be more people in neighboring countries. It also tells the moral of pot calling the kettle black: Liang's "moving millet" is not devoted to governing the country with the rulers of neighboring countries, but there is no difference in essence, only in form and quantity. This implies that Liang's small kindness can't increase many people, but must be benevolent and king's talent. So the article naturally transitions from the second part to the third part. The third part (paragraphs 5-7) expounds the concrete content of Mencius' "benevolent government"-the fundamental measures to increase people's income. The fifth paragraph expounds the truth of "the beginning of kingly way". In Mencius' view, developing production rationally so that people can "stay healthy and lose their lives without regret" is the beginning of implementing benevolent policies and the initial measure to increase people's income. If you don't go against the farming season, you won't hit the grain. "This paper puts forward three measures to develop production and their effects. The sentence pattern of "invincible" ... also "gives people an inexhaustible feeling, which greatly increases the persuasiveness and appeal of the article. Then, the first three groups of sentences are summarized by "food, fish and turtles can't eat, wood and wood can't be used". On the premise of this conclusion, a new conclusion is put forward: "Wang Dao begins." The author closely links the three meanings here with the three aspects, and closely links the problem of "making the people more" with the king's practice. In the sixth paragraph, the reasons for the success of King's Road are expounded. In this passage, Mencius further put forward the idea of benevolent governance to educate the people and make them submit to the people, which is also the fundamental measure to "make the people more". "Fifty people can live on clothes and silk. Chickens, dolphins, dogs and cats can eat meat without wasting time. A hundred acres of land can be eaten without delay, and a few people in a family can be hungry. " These three sentences also put forward three measures to develop production and the effects of these measures. Compared with the above three measures, these three measures are obviously a step forward and have stronger subjective initiative. Mencius not only applied for it to mean filial piety, but also the people who awarded it to white people could not bear to wear it on the road. Here, the author describes his ideas layer by layer in four groups of sentences, rendering them vividly, showing a bright future for Liang. Then, with the phrase "seventy people eat clothes, silk and meat, and the people are not hungry and cold", it is logical to draw the conclusion that "however, they are not kings and have nothing". This paper expounds the attitude that should be adopted to make people richer. Mencius criticized the political malpractice of the ruler and proved his correctness from the opposite side. The first two paragraphs have explained the truth of kingly way thoroughly, and this paragraph takes care of the beginning of the article. Liang keeps saying that he is "loyal to his country", but "dogs eat people and don't know what to do." Where can they "sacrifice"? The sharp contrast between Dog Food and Painting with Hunger reveals the social inequality at that time. Then, the author refutes the governor's argument that he blames the famine year: The painting is hungry and the stabbing death is as absurd as blaming weapons, and it is not the famine year that harms the people, but the rulers. Instead, we should reflect on ourselves, get rid of tyranny, be benevolent, be king, let the people live in houses, plant fields, be well fed and clothed, receive education, know etiquette and justice, and make them submit. "How many people are there in the world" answered the question of "not many people" put forward by Liang at the beginning. The article shows Mencius' thoughts and viewpoints. First of all, Mencius opposed endless feudalism. Please fully reveal this idea with the metaphor of war. Secondly, Mencius believed that people should benefit from it and have the opportunity to recuperate. He thinks that Liang's self-thought of "serving the people wholeheartedly" is far from enough, which is only the difference between "100 steps" and "50 steps" and the dissatisfied people's assembly in other countries. Thirdly, Mencius showed Liang his ideal of governing the people. It is to let the people have "five acres of houses", "one hundred acres of fields" and "animals with chickens, dolphins and dogs". Moreover, Mencius attached great importance to education and put forward the idea of "being cautious in order". His highest ideal is that the people should be "clothed with meat, silk with meat" and "neither hungry nor cold". Finally, Mencius further pointed out on the basis of his own argument that it is extravagant to face the upper nobility. As the supreme ruler, Liang has an unshirkable responsibility. The characteristic of Mencius' prose reflected in this writing is 1. Cleverly set metaphors and twists and turns. When talking about a problem, first hide the main idea, and then gradually lead to this topic from the side, the opposite side and the periphery. If the intention is to implement benevolent government, first use war as a metaphor and start from the opposite side, so that Liang will follow him unconsciously. In this way, the article is as follows. The literary trend is ups and downs, not stagnant. 2. The logic is rigorous and thorough. On the surface, the article is loose, but in fact, it is clear in logic, clear in paragraphs and orderly in levels. If you ask questions first, then analyze the reasons, and then describe the measures, the beginning of the king, the reality of the king, and the implementation of benevolent policies are all in-depth and interlocking. 3. The text is rich and vivid, and well-founded. Monosyllabic sentences and parataxis sentences are used alternately, with flexible writing and sharp and aggressive conversation. This article is full of eloquence. If you edit the common word 1 in this paragraph, there will be no hope to be more than the neighboring people, and there will be no "nothing" and "nothing". 2. People who issue white paper will not bear the burden of wearing it on the road. Convergence, economy and restraint. 5. A chicken, a dolphin and a dog (ZH √) have no loss, and there is no "don't" or "don't" at the right time. Edit this passage of Mencius (about 372 BC-289 BC). His name is Yu Zi, and his names are Ziche and Viscount. Father's name is Ji. He is one of the famous representatives of Confucianism. Mencius lost his father at the age of three, and Meng Mu raised him with great pains. Meng Mu has a tight grip on him. His stories, such as Three Movements in Meng Mu and Broken Weaving in Meng Mu, have become eternal stories, and they are models of mother education in later generations. He was born on Thursday, and died in twenty-six years. He was one of the great thinkers and educators in China during the Warring States Period. He wrote a book, Mencius. A Confucian classic written by Mencius and his disciple * * * recorded Mencius' language, political views and political actions. Mencius studied under Kong Ji (Confucius' grandson is usually a student who studied under Kong Ji), inherited and developed Confucius' thoughts, and became a Confucian master second only to Confucius, known as "sage" and "Confucius and Mencius" together with Confucius. Mencius once imitated Confucius and traveled around Qi and Zhou. Lobbying his thoughts of "benevolent governance" and "kingliness", but because the vassal States were busy with war at that time, his theory of benevolent governance was considered as "circuitous and broader than things", and almost no one adopted his thoughts of governing the country. He came back to lecture and write books with his disciples. There are seven pieces of Mencius handed down from generation to generation: Liang Gongsun Chou "Up and down; Teng Wengong "up and down; Li Lou; " Zhang Wan's "Up and Down" Gao Zi "Up and down; Dedication "up and down. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhu called Mencius, The Analects of Confucius, Daxue and The Doctrine of the Mean the Four Books. In the era when Mencius lived, a hundred schools of thought contended, and "the words of Yang Zhu and Mo Zhai prevailed in the world". Mencius criticized it fiercely from the standpoint of Confucianism. Mencius inherited Zisi (a student who studied under Zisi). He is aggressive and good at arguing. Based on the theory of good nature, his theory puts forward "benevolent politics" and "kingly way", advocates rule by virtue and adheres to "people-oriented". His thought had a great influence on later generations, but his position was not very high before the Song Dynasty. Since Han Yu listed Mencius as the only person in pre-Qin Confucianism who inherited Confucius' "orthodoxy", a Mencius' "appeared. Mencius' position gradually improved. His theory had a great influence on the Song Dynasty. In the fourth year of Xining in northern Song Shenzong (107 1), Mencius was first listed as one of the subjects in the imperial examination, and was later promoted to a Confucian classic. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhu combined Mencius with The Analects of Confucius, Daxue and The Doctrine of the Mean. "Four Books" has always been a compulsory part of the imperial examination. From the Yuan Dynasty to the first year of Shun (1330), Mencius was named "Yashenggong" and later called "Yashenggong". Its position is second only to Confucius. His thoughts and Confucius' thoughts are collectively called "The Way of Confucius and Mencius". Edit this paragraph and summarize the different meanings of ancient and modern times. 1. Hanoi is fierce. River: (Ancient meaning: Yellow River. Natural or artificial waterways) 2. Throw away your armor and drag your army away. Go: (archaic: escape. Present significance: walking) 3. Or stop after a hundred steps. Grain can't beat vegetables. Valley: (ancient meaning: the general term for food. Modern significance: Xiaomi) 5. Not me, soldiers. Soldier: (ancient meaning: weapon. Modern significance: the most basic personnel in the army) 6. Wang is innocent. How many people are there in the world? Age: (ancient meaning: year. Modern significance: year) 7. Is to keep people healthy and have no regrets when they die. (ancient meaning: supporting the living. Modern significance: maintaining their health. ) This word is polysemous 1. I hope to make up for the number of black people. Several people are touching dragons and telling Zhao Can that he is hungry. Or it is not easy to measure the fate of the six countries. Fu Su's admonition on mathematics and reasoning made the foreign generals master it several times, but I didn't go into Mianchi, and I was in the country, and the battle of the elite battleship was thousands of times in the incarnation of Chibi Sh. 2. Straight to the outside, not sloppy, if Ailian goes, she can only charge the cow head with charcoal. If you can't get rid of the value of selling charcoal Weng, you can't get rid of it. If you go straight ahead, you will criticize Lu Shuai for breaking your promise. The preface of the Southern Guide is straightforward. 3. Send out hundreds of idioms, start them and give them to the Chen She family with 900 people. Good wood is beautiful but complicated. In The Preface to Drunk Pavilion, bloom and his host forgot to turn around and go home. The Pipa Trip, which parted ways with the guests, is also a big embarrassment, and it is difficult for generate to make an unconventional plan. The epitaph of the Five Tombs sends out the stream of An Neng Qu Haojie, mourning for him. The epitaphs of the five tombs were sent out and expressed. The soldier is not me, but also in our country. Soldiers are soldiers in the Empress Dowager Zhao, and every grass and tree is a soldier in the battle of water. 5. Winning the donkey is furious. When the donkey's hoof in Guizhou does not violate the farming season, the grain can't win. I am in the country, too. Therefore, some people say that it is better than the court's "Zou Ji satire as a teacher." In The Story of Yueyang Tower in Dongting Lake, the part of speech of this paragraph is a full noun. Here, it is a verb: the person who plays drums, eats meat, dresses and silks is a noun here, and here, it is a verb: the person who dresses and silks is not hungry and cold. If he is not a king, he is generally a "king". Here, he is a verb: be a king and call him a king. Used flexibly as verbs here: blame, blame, please use the metaphor of war. Generally, "war" is a battle (verb), which is used flexibly as a noun here: war is to keep people healthy and lose their lives. Generally, "life" is alive (verb), which is used flexibly as a noun here: the deceased is like a husband. In this case, it is used flexibly as a verb: If you are serious, you will move your people to the east of the river and your millet to Hanoi. Generally speaking, "moving" means moving. In this case, it is used cautiously: make ... move trees to mulberry trees: generally speaking, "tree" means that trees (nouns) are used flexibly as verbs. If you plant trees, you can edit this special sentence. The sentence 1, if you go, is also an escape. It's been a bad year. (Negative judgment is positive judgment) 3. I didn't kill soldiers, but I killed them with weapons. (ibid.) 4. It is to make people healthy and have no regrets. This is to let the people have no dissatisfaction with life and death. 5. Stay healthy and have no regrets. At the beginning of the king, there was no dissatisfaction with life and death. It is the beginning of kingliness. Inverted sentence 1, adverbial postposition sentence (preposition-object phrase postposition): (1) Repeatedly apply for the education of filial piety and love for brothers. (2) There is no hope to be more than our neighbors. (3) White-handed people don't wear it on the road, and white-haired old people don't carry their heads or carry loads on the road. 2. Preposition object. Pronoun preposition object. There is nothing left. (2) livestock. Livestock. Poultry. Poultry. Poultry. Poultry. Poultry. Poultry. 3. The fixed sentence pattern (1) is not a hundred steps straight ("straight ... ears" is equivalent to "just ...") (2) or stops after a hundred steps. Or stop after fifty steps ("or ... or ..." is equivalent to "some people ...") ellipsis 1, He Ye Sheng subject "this". 2. Abandoning armor and dragging troops away from the provincial subject "Bing". Edit the note 1 under this paragraph. The harvest in Hanoi is not good. But in my country, I also study shēng for 7. Can't [win] food, try not to enter the pool (wū) is 8. Fine nets do not enter the pool (to prevent the growth and reproduction of fish from being damaged). Twists and turns. When talking about the problem, first hide the main idea, and gradually lead to this topic from the side, opposite and peripheral staff. If the original intention is to talk about benevolent governance, first use war as a metaphor, start from the opposite side, and let Liang follow him unconsciously. In this way, the article is fascinating. The literary trend is ups and downs, not stagnant. 2. The logic is rigorous and thorough. On the surface, the article is loose, but in fact, it is clear in logic, clear in paragraphs and orderly in levels. If you ask questions first, then analyze the reasons, and then describe the measures, the beginning of the king, the reality of the king, and the implementation of benevolent policies are all in-depth and interlocking. 3. The text is rich and vivid, and well-founded.