Description:

The central concept of Laozi's philosophy is "Tao", and his whole philosophical system is presupposed by him. It's unfolding. Metaphysical "Tao" is not directly contacted by human sensory perception. However, Laozi's philosophy has a strong metaphysical color, but he is most concerned about life and politics.

Therefore, "Tao" must be realized in the empirical world. Laozi believes that all concepts such as nature, inaction and powerlessness are the basic characteristics and spirit of Tao.

Lao Tzu's influence:

Laozi's works and thoughts have become the precious wealth of the world historical and cultural heritage. The influence of Laozi's thought is unparalleled not only in Taoism, but also far-reaching outside Taoism. Its influence not only includes philosophy, religion, politics, economics, sociology, literature and art, rhetoric and other disciplines, but also involves many fields such as medicine, health care, qigong, military, management, architecture, gardening and so on.

Evaluation of Laozi:

Confucius: "Birds, I know they can fly; Fish, I know it can swim; Beast, I know it can walk. Pedestrians can be useless, swimmers can be nylon, and fliers can be clumsy. As for the dragon, I don't know, it took the wind and cloud to heaven. I saw Lao Tzu today, and he is still evil! "

Sima Qian: "Laozi's noble way is nothing, and his writing is subtle and difficult to understand, because he responds to change and inaction."

Lao Tzu's achievements:

1, TianLun

As the origin and noumenon of the existence of all things in heaven and earth, Tao created and achieved all things in heaven and earth. Tao's achievement of everything in the world is not intentional, completely unintentional and completely natural. Laozi said, "Man should be a teacher of land, land should be a teacher of heaven, heaven should be a teacher of Tao, and Tao is natural.

2. Dialectical thinking

Laozi believes that the essence of Tao is natural inaction, which is the fundamental law of all things in the universe and the basic code of conduct that human beings should abide by. Based on the principle of inaction, Lao Tzu opposes human actions, because actions destroy human primitive nature and simplicity, cause the division of personality, and bring social evils such as hypocrisy, cunning, greed and evil.

3. Literary achievements

Tao Te Ching played a highly specific literary and social role and played an important role in people's understanding of natural phenomena and social life at that time. Reflect the economy, politics and culture in a certain historical period, describe the mental outlook of different classes and figures, and reflect people's various realistic relationships, so that readers can obtain various correct understandings about history and reality, society and life.