Agricultural activities at the vernal equinox
First, spring wheat and spring corn
The key to farming: sowing and cold protection
Spring wheat is in the stage of sowing and emergence (usually sowing in late March to early April), and spring corn will be sown one after another. Therefore, all areas where spring crops are planted should pay close attention to the weather and choose sunny weather for sowing. At the same time, the climate in spring is changeable, so we should guard against the harm of strong winds and strong cooling weather to the growth of spring-sown wheat or corn.
Second, spring soybeans
The key to farming: soybean sowing
March is the best sowing date for spring soybean. When the average temperature of that day reaches 10 degrees Celsius, you can start sowing spring soybeans. Pay attention to this temperature node. Premature sowing is slow in germination, easy to be infected with diseases and uneven in emergence; Sowing too late will shorten the growth period and reduce the yield.
Third, greenhouse vegetables.
The key to farming: pest control, physiological disease control, greenhouse windbreak.
Since March, the temperature in most areas has gradually increased, and the environmental conditions in greenhouses have also changed, which can easily lead to many physiological problems and pests.
For example:
1. The temperature difference between day and night is small, and the temperature drop in the shed at night is small, which is prone to "trees flourish without fruit".
2. The temperature rises rapidly, but the ground temperature rises slowly, then the stems and leaves on the ground grow rapidly, and the roots on the ground grow slowly and unevenly. It is prone to malnutrition, restless fruit and element deficiency.
3. With the increase of temperature, the problems of pests and diseases are prominent, such as leaf mold, epidemic disease, whitefly, aphid, thrips, liriomyza sativae, cabbage caterpillar and so on.
Therefore, in view of different problems, we should take reasonable preventive measures in time:
(1) Choose sunny days, use protective fungicides in advance, such as chlorothalonil and thiophanate-methyl, and supplement leaf nutrition with chitin and alginate foliar fertilizer to improve disease resistance and prevent bacterial infection.
(2) Root diseases that often occur in spring can be prevented by root irrigation. In order to reduce the stimulation of chemical root irrigation on the root system, root rooting agents such as small roots can be combined with root irrigation to root and prevent diseases.
(3) Pest control adopts a combination of physical control and chemical control, such as using yellow traps to kill aphids, whiteflies, liriomyza sativae and other pests, using blue traps to kill thrips, and using sex attractants or frequency-vibrating insecticidal lamps to kill noctuid and cabbage caterpillar.
In addition, it should be noted that:
Don't rush to take medicine after the rainy weather clears up. At this time, compared with normal weather, the leaves of plants are thinner, yellower, more tender and the fibrous tissue is weaker. Taking medicine immediately is easy to cause drug damage. It is recommended to take medicine 0-2 days after ventilation 1.
Fourth, open vegetables.
The key to farming: sowing, raising seedlings, planting, watering in time, preventing underground pests and cold in spring.
Sow vegetables this month: spring-sown vegetables such as pumpkin, cucumber, early-maturing edamame, kidney bean and cowpea can be sowed in March respectively.
The sowing of spinach will be finished by the end of March. Shepherd's purse and coriander can continue to be sown. The leek propagated by ramets can be planted later.
There is little rain in spring, so vegetables planted in the open field in early spring should be watered in time to ensure the water needed for crop growth.
In addition, after the solar term of the vernal equinox, with the increase of ground temperature, many underground pests began to aggravate their harm, such as mole cricket, chafer, cutworm, needle worm and other underground pests, so it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control work.
Five, fruit tree management
The key to farming: preventing scale insects, applying germination accelerating fertilizer or trace element fertilizer, and preventing cold in spring.
Recently, it is mainly the peak period of various pests: from March to April, this wave of pests immediately entered a critical prevention and control period, and the management of orchards also focused on pest control and fertilization.
In addition, during this period, most fruit trees are in the stage of germination and flowering. If there is obvious cooling weather at this stage, it will have a serious impact on the yield of fruit trees in the later stage. Therefore, it is necessary to do a good job of fertilization such as germination fertilizer and pre-flowering fertilizer to improve the stress resistance of crops and prevent the occurrence of late spring cold.
Generally speaking, the weather in many areas will change during the vernal equinox. Everyone must remember to pay attention at any time and take preventive measures.
The health secret of vernal equinox
First, the spirit of aftercare
Spring is sunny and sunny, and the spirit should be relaxed, open-minded, optimistic, restrain depression and anger, and nourish nature. Going for a walk on holidays, traveling around mountains and waters, and cultivating temperament will make the blood flow smooth and energetic.
Second, keep out the cold.
Go to bed late and get up early in spring, do more outdoor activities, stretch your body and make your day more energetic. In spring, special attention should be paid to keeping out the cold, nourishing yang and astringing yin. According to the characteristics of cold and warm weather in early spring, clothes cannot be reduced, and winter clothes are taken off too early, which is easy to catch cold and hurt the lungs, causing respiratory diseases. According to the principle of "covering spring and freezing autumn", clothes must increase or decrease with the change of temperature to adapt to the changeable climate in spring.
Third, adjust diet.
In spring, the metabolism is vigorous, and the diet should be warm and nutritious. The principle of strengthening the spleen and strengthening yang is to avoid being too sour, light and delicious, greasy and cold, especially not to add more spicy and hot products, such as ginseng, velvet antler, aconite, spirits, etc., so as not to help the heat get angry. In spring, you should eat more foods rich in minerals and vitamins (especially B vitamins) in protein. Especially all kinds of yellow-green vegetables, such as lean meat, bean products, eggs, carrots, cauliflower, Chinese cabbage, sweet pepper, celery, spinach, leeks and so on. In addition, you should also be careful not to overeat cold drinks and other foods too early to avoid hurting your stomach and yang.
Fourth, exercise.
A year's plan lies in spring, which is the best season for physical investment. The air is fresh in spring, and this environment is most conducive to expelling the old and absorbing the new and nourishing the viscera. More exercise in spring will enhance the epidemic situation and disease resistance of rabbits, reduce the occurrence of influenza and other diseases in a year, and make people think quickly and not be tired easily. People can choose outdoor activities according to their age and physical condition, such as Tai Ji Chuan, jogging, flying kites and spring outing.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) prevents drowsiness in spring.
It's sunny in spring, but many people feel sleepy. Tired and dizzy, I don't wake up in the morning. This phenomenon is what everyone calls "spring sleep". Sleepiness in spring does not need more sleep, but is due to seasonal differences in internal circulation. In spring, the climate gets warmer, the blood vessels in the skin relax, the function of the circulatory system is enhanced, the blood supply to the skin tip increases, sweat secretion increases, and the load on various organs increases, so the blood supply to the brain is relatively reduced, and the oxygen in the brain will feel insufficient, so you will feel sleepy and weak.
So how to reduce and prevent spring sleepiness? First, we must ensure sleep, go to bed early and get up early, and overcome negative and lazy thoughts and emotions; Second, we should actively participate in exercise and outdoor activities to improve blood circulation; Third, we should increase nutrition appropriately. Studies have proved that the lack of B vitamins and overeating are important reasons for sleepiness in spring, so it is advisable to eat more foods rich in B vitamins instead of being full. Fourth, keep indoor air circulation and smoke less. If it is not too cold, reducing some clothes or washing your face with cold water will eliminate drowsiness as soon as possible.
What food do you eat at the vernal equinox?
1. Spring vegetables
In the past, there was a custom in the four cities (now Heshan is the five cities) called "eating spring vegetables at the vernal equinox". "Spring vegetable" is a kind of wild amaranth, which villagers call "Artemisia chun". On the vernal equinox, the whole village went to pick spring vegetables. When searching in the wild, it is often green and thin, about the length of a palm.
Picked spring vegetables are usually boiled with fish fillets at home, which is called "spring soup". There is a jingle that says, "Spring soup is dirty, and it washes the liver and intestines. The whole family is safe and healthy. " Since the spring of the year, people still pray for peace and health at home.
The custom of eating spring vegetables has continued until now. Spring vegetables vary from place to place. As the name implies, spring vegetables are spring vegetables. Eating more vegetables at this time can not only supplement nutrition, but also play a role in health care. Spring seasonal dishes include leeks that nourish yin and strengthen yang; Bean sprouts, lettuce, onion, bean sprouts, garlic sprouts, etc.
2. Little carrots
Yangzhou people also have the custom of eating spring rolls stuffed with buns or shredded radish at the vernal equinox. At this time, eating radish can not only ventilate up and down, but also play a role in getting rid of diseases and solving difficulties.
Among various vegetables for health care in spring, radish has the best effect. White radish has the functions of clearing away heat and promoting fluid production, regulating qi and promoting digestion, and resolving phlegm. Raw radish tends to clear away heat and promote fluid production, while cooked radish tends to promote qi and digestion. Can be used for preventing symptoms such as cough due to excessive phlegm, sore throat, anorexia, abdominal distension, constipation, etc. Modern medicine believes that radish has a good diuretic effect, and the cellulose it contains can also promote defecation and help to lose weight. If you want to detoxify with radish, you can choose raw food, juice, cold salad or pickling.
In normal times, radish is called small ginseng. You are because radish can strengthen the stomach, promote digestion, protect eyes, sterilize, prevent colds, ventilate and promote blood circulation, remove fishy smell and prevent constipation. Usually, when there are few people in the family, you can eat half a big radish at a time, so that the head, waist and tail of the radish are all in the dish and the nutrition is balanced.
turn round
According to the custom of old Beijing, in order to avoid evil spirits and pray for blessings, the spring equinox should be snowballed. The origin of snowballing usury is unusual, and its processing materials include rhubarb rice noodles, soybeans, red bean paste, sugar, sesame oil, osmanthus fragrans, green shredded pork and melon seeds, which are enough to meet the requirements of diversification of food materials in the Nutritional Dietary Guide. Its production is divided into three processes: blank making, filling and molding. "Snowball Donkey" is wrapped in bean flour, golden in color, sweet with bean flavor, soft and unique, and it is a delicious food suitable for all ages.