Both Chinese medicine and modern science believe that the changes of the four seasons in nature have a great influence on human life activities, and people must keep in good health in time. The so-called timely health preservation is under the guidance of the theory of "correspondence between man and nature" in traditional Chinese medicine, according to the laws and characteristics of yin and yang changes in climate throughout the year. A method of regulating human body, so as to achieve the purpose of health and longevity. In other words, due to the fluctuation of Yin and Yang in nature, the ups and downs of Yin and Yang are affected, and the human body must adapt to the natural fluctuation of Yin and Yang in order to maintain life activities. In fact, the purpose of fitness, which conforms to the law of the growth and decline of yin and yang in nature, is to fill the human body's true qi and enhance the ability to adjust the pace of life. So as to maintain the unity of the internal and external environment of the human body. As Zhang Jingyue said: "Six Qi, that is, the six gods who produce sperm, are only angry because of this." . Full of six qi and boundless vitality is an important guarantee to prolong the life of deficiency-cold disease. So, how should people keep in good health? That is, what principles must be followed in keeping healthy in the four seasons? The first principle: "Fake evil and steal the wind, avoid it sometimes". This is an extremely important principle in TCM health preservation, that is, good health. What must be followed to prolong life? As early as 2000 years ago, Huangdi Neijing suggested that since the six evils in nature are an important factor of human diseases, people must pay attention to resisting them. As the book "Four Qi Regulating the Spirit" said, for saints, it is not to advocate treating diseases after illness, but to prevent them before illness. If you wait until the disease occurs before you go to treatment, because you are thirsty, it is too late to dig a well! The so-called "wind of deficiency and evil" means that abnormal climate change and exogenous evil are harmful to human body. As explained by Gao Shiwan, "the abnormal qi in four seasons is called the wind of deficiency and evil", that is, the wind, cold, heat, humidity, dryness and fire mentioned above. Because these six evils will cause diseases, we must avoid them in time. As for how to avoid it, it will be discussed in detail in chapters 2, 3, 4 and 5, so I won't say much here. The second principle: "Yang in spring and summer, Yin in autumn and winter". This sentence comes from the theory of four qi and four seasons in Neijing. It is based on the characteristics of nature and human body in different periods, such as the ups and downs of yin and yang, the ups and downs of qi and the ups and downs of five internal organs. It is precisely because this sentence is very important that some famous medical scientists put forward their own unique opinions: Gao Shizong said in "Plain Questions": "Yang is raised in spring and summer, and the sun is born; Nourishing Yin in autumn and winter will make the Taiyin qi gather and store less Yin qi. " In Xia Zhishi in spring, the yang of nature is rising and everything is full of vitality. People who keep in good health should nourish and protect the yang in the body, so that the yang will be abundant and vigorous, and don't do anything that damages the yang in the body; In autumn and winter, the collection and health care of all things should conform to the trend of nature collection, collect the yin essence in the body, condense the essence and nourish the five internal organs. However, Zhang Zhicong said in "Su Wen Notes": "The spring is full of yang and empty inside; In autumn and winter, yin is abundant outside and yin is deficient inside. Therefore, saints raise yang in spring and summer and yin in autumn and winter to raise it from the root. " The explanation of this sentence is also very reasonable. For example, as the saying goes, "there is real cold in summer and real fire in winter", that is, there is regulation of yang deficiency and internal cold in summer, and there is no lack of night sweats due to yin deficiency and internal heat in winter. Because yang deficiency is inherent, it is necessary to raise yang; Because yin deficiency is internal, it is necessary to nourish yin. In this way, we can "trace the source." Zhang Jingyue explained in Jing Lei: "Yin comes from Yang, Yang comes from Yin, Yin comes from Yang, and Yang is longer than Yin. Therefore, saints raise yang in spring and summer, thinking that autumn and winter land; Nourishing yin in autumn and winter, thinking that spring and summer are the land, so they all follow their roots. Nowadays, people who can't raise yang in spring and summer are injured by the cold wind every time, so that they get malaria in autumn and winter. This yin is also a disease. Those who can't nourish yin in autumn and winter, every time they are injured by sex, suffer from fire in spring and summer, and this yang is also sick. " This means that if you can raise yang in Xia Zhishi in spring, you can prevent cold diseases in autumn and winter; Nourishing yin in autumn and winter, fire prevention certificate in spring and summer. Zhang's note embodies the view that Yin and Yang coexist, because Yin cannot be separated from Yang, which means: "Yang comes from Yin, and Yin comes from Yang. Without yang, yin can't be born, without yin, it can't be melted, and it's all cathode yang, and it's all inexhaustible. " Modern people, represented by the analysis of Confucian classics in Huangdi Neijing, think that nourishing yang in spring and summer and nourishing yin in autumn and winter can be summarized into three meanings: first, adapting to the four-season regimen, growth belongs to yang, and collection belongs to yin, so the gas for long-term health preservation in spring and summer is nourishing yang, and the gas for collection in autumn and winter is nourishing yin; Second, nourishing yang refers to nourishing the heart, liver and yang; Nourishing yin refers to nourishing lung, kidney and two yin; Third, to raise yang should obey the growth characteristics of yang, so that it can be vented; And nourishing yin should obey the characteristics of Yin Qi's collection, and don't let Yin Qi vent. The above explanation explains the theoretical significance of "nourishing yang in spring and summer and nourishing yin in autumn and winter" from different angles. No matter which point of view is to illustrate that the principles and methods of health preservation in different seasons are different. Only when people understand the meaning of "nourishing yang in spring and summer, nourishing yin in autumn and winter" from a theoretical height can they better "be suitable for cold and summer in all seasons". Specific to the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter, how do people raise yang and yin? There is a detailed discussion in the book "A Brief Introduction to the Four Temperaments in Neijing", which is now extracted as follows: "Spring and March are called the birth of Chen, the birth of heaven and earth, and the glory of all things. Lying at night and getting up early, striding in court, being slowed down, so that life, living without killing, giving without taking, rewarding without punishment, this spring should be the way to keep fit. On the contrary, it hurts the liver, it is cold in summer, and there are few elders. " This is the way to keep in good health in spring, that is, the way to raise yang in spring. It means that in spring, in the first, second and third months, the yang rises, everything sprouts, and nature presents a vibrant face. Heaven and earth breed the spirit of hair growth, and everything is thriving; People should go to bed late and get up early, stride in the courtyard, let their hair loose, relax their bodies and make their minds full of energy. Treat things, don't kill them when you are alive, don't deprive them if you give them, and don't punish them if you reward them. This is the reason to adapt to spring and regulate the "internal heat" of the human body. If the human body violates this truth, it will hurt the liver qi. Liver qi is injured in spring, and cold diseases will occur in summer. This is because people's physique is not strong enough to nourish "Qi" in spring and "Long-term Qi" in summer. From the original text, the sunshine in spring should mainly be: "go to bed late and get up early": because there are more sunshine and less yin in spring; "striding in court": because "exercise leads to yang"; "Make ambition alive": make ambition and meaning full of germinal qi, so as to adapt to the germinal qi between heaven and earth; "It turns cold in summer": the cold syndrome in summer is the result of the failure of yang in spring. The above text discusses the specific methods of maintaining Yang Qi from four aspects: daily life, sports, spirit and illness. Although it is not comprehensive, its spiritual essence has been fully reflected.