[Edit this paragraph] QQS Introduction is the English abbreviation of "quality and safety" of food. The product with QS mark indicates that the product has passed the compulsory inspection and is allowed to enter the market for sale. This is the food quality and safety market access system based on the food production license system. Specifically, all food production enterprises must pass compulsory inspection, mark the food production license number on the food packaging of the smallest sales unit, and print the food quality and safety market access mark ("QS" mark) before leaving the factory for sale. No food quality and safety market access signs, not for sale. On June 5438+1 October1in 2004, China first implemented the food quality and safety market access system in five food industries: rice, edible vegetable oil, wheat flour, soy sauce and vinegar. [Edit this paragraph] QS marks the market access mark of food quality and safety, that is, the food production license mark, which means "quality and safety" with the English abbreviation "QS", and its style is uniformly formulated by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine. It consists of the prefix QS and Chinese "quality and safety". The main color of the logo is blue, the letters "Q" and "Quality and Safety" are blue and the letter "S" is white.
On September 1 2005, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (Order No.79) promulgated the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Quality and Safety Supervision and Management of Food Production and Processing Enterprises (for Trial Implementation). The Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Quality and Safety of Food Production and Processing Enterprises issued by the former General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine on July 6, 2003 shall be abolished at the same time.
Article 46 of Chapter 5 of the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Quality and Safety Supervision and Management of Food Production and Processing Enterprises (Trial) "The market access mark of food quality and safety, that is, the food production license mark, belongs to the quality mark, which is expressed by the English abbreviation' QS' of' quality and safety' and its style is uniformly formulated by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (see Annex 2, hereinafter referred to as QS mark)."
Forty-seventh "food quality and safety market access system, before leaving the factory, must be printed on its packaging or logo (paste) QS logo. If there is no QS mark, it shall not be sold out of the factory. "
Since 200 1, the food quality and safety market access system has been implemented for the first time in five categories of food: rice, flour, oil, soy sauce and vinegar. From May 1 day, 2003, all five kinds of food without food production license and QS mark shall not be sold out of the factory. In the second half of 2003, it expanded to meat products, dairy products, beverages, condiments (sugar, monosodium glutamate), instant noodles, biscuits, canned foods, frozen drinks, quick-frozen rice-flour foods, puffed foods, etc. In the near future, the food quality and safety market access system will be implemented for all foods, including the rest 13 foods.
Consumers should buy food with QS logo when purchasing food that has been subject to the market access system for food quality and safety. [Edit this paragraph] Food classification (28 categories) For the market access of products, the general understanding is the extent to which the main body (producers and sellers of products) and objects (products) of the market are allowed to enter the market. The food market access system, also known as the food quality and safety market access system, refers to the supervision system that allows producers with specified conditions to carry out production and business activities and allow food production and sales with specified conditions to ensure food quality and safety. Therefore, the implementation of food quality and safety market access system is a kind of government behavior and an administrative licensing system. The following is about 28 kinds of food, processed food products: wheat flour, rice, dried noodles and other processed food products (processed food (sub-package), ground food (sub-package) and flour products) which are included in the national food quality and safety market access system 1.
2. Edible oil, grease and its products: edible vegetable oil, edible oil products [edible hydrogenated oil, margarine (margarine), shortening, cocoa butter substitute], edible animal oil (lard, butter, sheep oil).
3. Seasonings: soy sauce, vinegar, monosodium glutamate, chicken essence seasoning, sauce and seasoning products.
4. Meat products: meat products (cured meat products, braised pork products, smoked barbecue products, smoked sausage and ham products, fermented meat products).
5. Dairy products: dairy products [liquid milk (pasteurized milk, high-temperature sterilized milk, sterilized milk and yogurt)], milk powder (whole milk powder, skimmed milk powder, sweetened whole milk powder, flavored milk powder, special formula milk powder and bovine colostrum powder), other dairy products (condensed milk, cream, cheese and solid molded products)] and infant formula milk powder (wet method and dry method).
6. Beverages: Beverages [bottles (barrels) contain drinking water (such as natural mineral water and purified water), carbonated drinks (soft drinks), tea drinks, fruit and vegetable juices, protein drinks, solid drinks and other drinks].
7. Convenience food: Convenience food (instant noodles and other convenience foods)
8, biscuits: biscuits
9. Canned food: canned food (canned food for livestock and poultry, canned food for fruits and vegetables, other canned food).
10, frozen drinks: frozen drinks (ice cream, ice cream, ice cream, popsicle, edible ice and sweet ice).
1 1. Quick-frozen food: quick-frozen food [quick-frozen flour and rice food (raw and cooked products), quick-frozen other foods (quick-frozen meat products, quick-frozen fruits and vegetables products, quick-frozen other products)]
12. Potato and puffed food: puffed food and potato food.
13. Candy products (including chocolate and chocolate products): candy products (candy, chocolate and chocolate products) and jelly.
14. Tea and related products: tea (tea, edge-selling tea), products containing tea and tea substitutes.
15. Liquor: Liquor, wine and fruit wine, beer, yellow wine and other alcoholic beverages.
16. Vegetable products: pickles, dried vegetables (naturally dried vegetables, hot air dried vegetables, freeze-dried vegetables, vegetable slices, vegetable powder and products), edible fungi products (dried edible fungi, pickled edible fungi) and other vegetable products.
17. Fruit products: candied fruit and fruit products (dried fruit products, jam).
18, roasted seeds and nuts: roasted seeds and nuts (baking, frying, etc.).
19. egg products: egg products (processed eggs, dried eggs, frozen eggs, etc.).
20. Cocoa and roasted coffee products: cocoa products and roasted coffee.
2 1, sugar: sugar (white sugar, soft sugar, brown sugar, rock sugar, cube sugar, borneol sugar, etc. )
22. Aquatic products: processed aquatic products [dried aquatic products, salted aquatic products, surimi products (ready-to-eat and non-ready-to-eat)] and other processed aquatic products (aquatic condiments, aquatic animal fats and products, seasoned fish products, raw aquatic products and deep-processed aquatic products).
23. Starch and starch products: starch and starch products, starch sugar (glucose, maltose, isomeric sugar, etc. )
24. Pastry: Pastry (sesame seed cake, fried cake, cooked cake, moon cake).
25. Bean products: bean products (fermented bean products, non-fermented bean products) and other bean products.
26. Bee products: bee products [honey, royal jelly (including freeze-dried royal jelly), bee pollen, bee products].
27. Special dietary food: infant and other formula cereal flour (infant formula cereal flour and other formula cereal flour).
28. Cosmetics
29. Other foods [edit this paragraph ]QS and food safety issues Food quality and safety mainly include three aspects:
1. Food pollution
At present, with the continuous production and application of various chemicals, the types and sources of harmful substances are becoming more and more complicated. This may lead to the abuse of natural harmful substances, environmental pollutants, food additives and harmful substances produced in the process of processing, storage, transportation and cooking. Contaminated food may affect the characteristics of food after eating, and may also cause chronic poisoning or even acute food poisoning for consumers. At present, the residue pollution of animal meat hormones and veterinary drugs is one of the main problems.
2. Quality problems brought by new technologies
Such as food additive, production formula, dielectric radiation food, genetically modified food, etc. What kind of impact these new technologies will have on the human body requires a process of understanding.
3. Abuse of food labels
Some unscrupulous traders often use food labels to deceive consumers. There are several ways for illegal traders to abuse food labels: (1) forging food labels, such as forging production date, falsely using factory name and address, falsely using quality labels, etc. (2) Lack of warning instructions; (3) falsely registering the functions or ingredients of food and exaggerating the functions or ingredients that food does not have; (4) The lack of Chinese logo, imported food and even some domestic food, the use of foreign language logo, so that Chinese people can not identify. [Edit this paragraph] Interpretation of QS It is understood that the original intention of food quality and safety refers to the degree to which food quality guarantees the health and safety of consumers. Food quality is related to consumers' health and personal and property safety, and must meet the requirements of national laws, administrative regulations and mandatory standards. Food raw materials, packaging or production, processing, transportation and storage cannot have quality problems. The market access system for food quality and safety is a supervision system that only allows producers with specific conditions to engage in production and business activities and only allows food production and sales with specific conditions to ensure food quality and safety.
Foods that meet the requirements of quality and safety market access will be marked with QS mark, which is the English abbreviation of quality and safety, indicating quality and safety. The market access system for food quality and safety includes three specific systems.
First, implement the production license system for food production enterprises. Enterprises with production conditions to ensure food quality and safety are allowed to produce food production licenses, otherwise they are not allowed to produce food. This ensures that enterprises can produce food that meets the quality and safety from the production conditions.
The second is to implement a compulsory inspection system for food produced by enterprises. Food that has not been inspected or failed to pass the inspection shall not be sold out of the factory, and the production enterprises that do not have the self-inspection conditions shall be forced to carry out entrusted inspection. This is conducive to ensuring product quality.
The third is to implement the market access mark system for products with production license system, and affix or print QS mark on the food that has passed the inspection. Food without this logo is not allowed to enter the market for sale. This is conducive to the identification and supervision of the masses and law enforcement departments. [Edit this paragraph] QS and food quality and safety market access system In 2002, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine officially launched the food quality and safety market access system, trying to completely reverse the dilemma that only half of the domestic food quality was qualified at that time.
To put it simply, the access system is the basic requirement that AQSIQ must meet according to the food quality to meet the safety standards, and has formulated strict and specific requirements from raw materials, production equipment, technological process, inspection equipment, capacity and so on 10. Only enterprises that have passed the "ten customs" audit at the same time are allowed to produce food, and only after passing the inspection can they enter the market with the QS mark. From the source, the access threshold for production enterprises to enter the food industry has been improved, and a large number of small enterprises and workshops that fail to meet the access conditions have to close their doors or switch production.
For food enterprises that have obtained production qualifications, the access system has also clearly formulated specific follow-up supervision measures such as inspection, annual review, compulsory inspection, supervision and spot check, and return visit to ensure the qualification rate and confidence of certified food. Once the quality problem is discovered, the enterprise has only one opportunity to rectify, and if it is discovered again, it will face the "death penalty".
In 2002, rice, flour, oil, soy sauce and vinegar with outstanding quality and safety problems were first brought into the food quality and safety market, and only half of them finally crossed the entry threshold. Since 2003, the market access of 23 kinds of food such as meat products, dairy products, beverages and instant noodles has been initiated.
In 2006, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine announced that the market access of 28 kinds of processed food production enterprises would be audited before the end of the year, which also means that after five years of efforts, all processed foods in China have been included in the market access management of food quality and safety. * * * More than 87,000 food production licenses were issued, and the market share of certified enterprises reached 90%, and more than 60,000 unlicensed production enterprises were investigated and banned. Statistics from the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine show that the qualified rate of food after the implementation of the quality and safety market access system has increased by an average of 30 percentage points.
QS and Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Quality and Safety of Food Production and Processing Enterprises
The Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Quality and Safety of Food Production and Processing Enterprises (hereinafter referred to as the Measures) promulgated and implemented on July 6, 2003 (5438+08) is a concrete measure taken by AQSIQ to implement the food and drug safety project in the State Council. The "Measures" clearly stipulate that enterprises shall not produce and process the corresponding food without obtaining a food production license; Production without a production license belongs to unlicensed production; Foods that fail to pass the inspection and are not printed (affixed) with food quality and safety market access signs shall not be sold out of the factory. Food production and processing enterprises must have the necessary production conditions to ensure food quality and safety, and obtain food production licenses according to the prescribed procedures. Except for the restrictions prescribed by laws and administrative regulations, no unit may attach conditions to restrict enterprises from applying for food production licenses.
The "Measures" stipulate that enterprises that meet the certification requirements through the examination of necessary conditions and certification inspection shall obtain food production licenses from the local provincial quality and technical supervision departments in accordance with the prescribed procedures. If it still does not meet the certification requirements after the necessary conditions review or certification inspection, the quality and technical supervision department shall issue a Notice of Unqualified Examination of Food Production License to the enterprise, and explain the reasons. Since the date of issuance of the Notice of Unqualified Examination of Food Production License, the original Notice of Acceptance of Enterprise Food Production License will automatically become invalid. The enterprise shall immediately rectify after receiving the Notice of Unqualified Examination of Food Production License, and can apply for evidence again two months later.
Where the food produced by an export food production and processing enterprise is sold in People's Republic of China (PRC), it shall apply for a food production license in accordance with the provisions of these Measures. Enterprises that have obtained export food hygiene registration certificates and registration certificates issued by entry-exit inspection and quarantine institutions, or enterprises that have passed HACCP system certification and verification, are exempt from the examination of the necessary conditions of enterprises when applying for food production licenses. When applying for a food production license, a food certification enterprise recognized by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine shall simplify or exempt the examination of the necessary conditions of the enterprise according to the principle of non-repetition.
It should be noted that enterprises should properly keep the food production license. If the production license certificate is lost or unrecognizable due to damage or force majeure, a statement shall be issued in newspapers at or above the provincial level in time and reported to the provincial quality and technical supervision department. The provincial quality and technical supervision department shall promptly accept the application for renewal of the food production license of the enterprise, go through the formalities for renewal according to the regulations, and report it to the AQSIQ for the record. [Edit this paragraph ]QS numbering rules (1) The food production license number consists of English letters QS plus 12 Arabic numerals. QS is the abbreviation of "quality and safety". The first four digits of the number are the number of the accepting institution, the middle four digits are the product category number, and the last four digits are the serial number of the certified enterprise.
(2) The number of the accepting organ. According to GB/T 2260- 1999 "Code of Administrative Division of the People's Republic of China", the number of the accepting organ consists of Arabic numerals, and the first two digits represent provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, which are uniformly determined by the AQSIQ. The last two representatives of the city (prefecture) shall be determined by the provincial quality and technical supervision department and reported to the product quality supervision department of AQSIQ for the record.
The first two digits are numbered as follows:
Beijing 1 1 Tianjin 12 Hebei 13 Shanxi 14
Inner Mongolia 15 Liaoning 2 1 Jilin 22 Heilongjiang 23
Shanghai 3 1 Jiangsu 32 Zhejiang 33 Anhui 34
Fujian 35 Jiangxi 36 Shandong 37 Henan 4 1
Hubei 42 Hunan 43 Guangdong 44 Guangxi 45
Hainan 46 Chongqing 50 Sichuan 5 1 Guizhou 52
Yunnan 53 Tibet 54 Shaanxi 6 1 Gansu 62
Qinghai 63 Ningxia 64 Xinjiang 65
(3) Product category number: The product category number consists of Arabic numerals, which are located in the 5th to 8th places of QS code, and the number is uniformly determined by AQSIQ.
Specific category number provisions:
Processed food: wheat flour 0 10 1 rice 0 102 vermicelli 0 103 Other processed food 0 104.
Edible oil, grease and its products: edible vegetable oil 020 1 edible grease product 0202 edible animal grease 0203.
Seasoning: soy sauce 030 1 vinegar 0302 monosodium glutamate 0304 chicken essence seasoning 0305 sauce 0306 other seasonings 0307.
Meat products: meat products 040 1
Dairy products: dairy products 050 1 infant formula milk powder 0502.
Beverage: beverage 060 1
Instant food: instant noodles 070 1
Cookies: 080 1
Canning: canned 090 1
Frozen drinks: frozen drinks 100 1.
Quick-frozen food: quick-frozen flour and rice food 1 10 1.
Potatoes and puffed food: puffed food 120 1 potato food 1202.
Candy products (including chocolate and chocolate products): candy, chocolate and chocolate products 130 1 jelly 1302.
Tea and related products: tea 140 1 tea-containing products and substitute tea 1402.
Liquor: Liquor 150 1 wine and fruit wine 1502 beer 1503 rice wine 1504 other wines 1505.
Vegetable products: pickles 160 1
Fruit products: candied fruit 170 1 fruit products 1702.
Baked food and nut products: baked food 180 1.
Egg products: egg products 190 1
Cocoa and roasted coffee products: cocoa products 200 1 roasted coffee 2 10 1.
Sugar: sugar 0303 starch sugar 2302
Aquatic products: processed aquatic products 220 1 other processed aquatic products 2202.
Starch and starch products: starch and starch products 230 1
Pastry: pastry food 240 1
Bean products: bean products 250 1
Bee products: bee products 260 1
Special dietary food: infant and other formula cereal flour products 270 1
New requirements for QS certification of other foods [edit this paragraph] Due to the continuous occurrence of food problems, the state has strengthened the certification of QS.
In addition to the detailed regulations and accountability system for certification bodies and supervision and management, the requirements for enterprises in particular have been further improved.
1, canceling the entrusted inspection requires that the enterprise must have the factory inspection capability. The enterprise that has obtained the certificate must set up its own laboratory before the end of the year, otherwise its QS certificate will be cancelled.
2.QS enterprises will accept strict post-certification supervision and inspection every year to review their application conditions. If serious disqualification is found, the QS certificate will be revoked. This work will be carried out by the provincial quality and technical supervision department. [Edit this paragraph] QS certification fee 1: application fee: 2,200/set. If you apply for two or more at the same time, you will be charged 20% for each additional one.
2. Testing cost: according to provincial standards.
3. Consulting service fee: according to the standards of consulting institutions, it is generally 12000~ 15000 yuan. Including consulting fees for enterprise standard filing.
QS certification scheme
I. Application stage
15 working days
Enterprises engaged in food production and processing (including individual operators) shall obtain production licenses according to the prescribed procedures. Newly-built and newly-converted food enterprises shall promptly apply to the quality and technical supervision department for food production licenses. After receiving the application materials of the enterprise, the quality and technical supervision departments at the provincial and municipal (prefectural) levels shall form a review team within 15 working days to complete the review of the application materials and other documents. After the materials of the enterprise meet the requirements, a Notice of Acceptance of Food Production License shall be issued. 20 working days
If the application materials of the enterprise do not meet the requirements, the enterprise shall make corrections within 20 working days after receiving the notice from the quality and technical supervision department. If it fails to make corrections within the time limit, it shall be deemed as withdrawing the application.
Second, the review stage
40 working days
After the written materials of the enterprise are qualified, according to the food production license review rules, within 40 working days, the enterprise shall accept the on-site review of the necessary conditions and ex-factory inspection ability of the enterprise by the review team. On-site inspection of qualified enterprises, on-site sampling by the review team.
10 working days (1)
The evaluation team or the enterprise applying for evidence collection shall send the samples to the designated inspection institution for inspection within 10 working days (unless there are special provisions).
10 working days (2)
The local quality and technical supervision department shall review the review report within 10 working days, and submit the unified summary materials to the AQSIQ within the specified time.
10 working days (3)
After the provincial quality and technical supervision department sends the summary materials, it shall ensure that the AQSIQ can receive the materials within 10 working days.
10 working days (4)
The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine shall, within 10 working days, examine and approve the enterprise materials that meet the certification requirements reported by the provincial quality and technical supervision departments.
Third, the authentication stage.
15 working days
With the approval of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, the provincial quality and technical supervision department will issue the food production license and its copy to the production enterprises that meet the certification requirements within 15 working days.
License-related time
certificate
The food production license is valid for 3 years. The validity period of production licenses for different foods shall be stipulated by the corresponding normative documents.
replace
Within 6 months before the expiration of the food production license, the enterprise shall apply for extension to the quality and technical supervision department that originally accepted the application for food production license. The quality and technical supervision department shall review and renew the certificate in accordance with the prescribed application procedures.
Annual audit
The food production license shall be subject to the annual examination system. An enterprise that has obtained a food production license shall, within the validity period of the certificate and before the expiration of 1 year 1 month, submit an application for annual examination to the local prefecture-level quality and technical supervision department. Annual review shall be organized and implemented by the quality and technical supervision department that accepts the application for annual review. If the annual examination is qualified, the quality and technical supervision department shall sign the annual examination opinion on the copy of the enterprise production license.
change
Food production and processing enterprises in food raw materials, production technology, production equipment and other production conditions have undergone major changes, or the development and production of new types of food, it shall, within 3 months after the change, apply to the quality and technical supervision department that originally accepted the application for food production license for the change of food production license. When accepting the application for change, the quality and technical supervision department shall examine whether the enterprise still meets the requirements of the necessary conditions for food production enterprises.
When the name of an enterprise changes, it shall, within 3 months after the name change, apply to the quality and technical supervision department that originally accepted the application for food production license for renaming the food production license. [Edit this paragraph] Another meaning of QS, 1 and QS, as the abbreviation of "Beast", is often used by some netizens (originally used in Baidu's cyber war) to make jokes or make their own decisions, and can also be understood as "knight".
2. In World of Warcraft, QS is called the abbreviation of Paladin.
3.QS is used as the abbreviation of musketeer in The Movement of the Sea.
4.QS stands for air switch in the circuit.
5.QS also means death.
6.QS, quantity surveyor, originated in Britain.