King Hui of Liang said, "I am a country, and I devote myself to it. If Hanoi is fierce, the people will move to Hedong and the millet will move to Hanoi; Hedong is also fierce. People who observe the politics of neighboring countries have no intention like me. There are not many people in neighboring countries, and there are not many people in my country. Why? " Mencius said to him, "The king is belligerent. Please use the metaphor of war. Drum filling, weapon company, abandoning armor and dragging troops away. Or stop after a hundred steps, or stop after fifty steps. What if the pot is too black? " Say, "no! Straight (zhǐ) is not a hundred steps, but also a walk. " He said, "If Wang knew this, there would be no hope of more people than those in neighboring countries." "If you don't go against the farming season, the valley can't take food; If the number (ù) does not enter the pool (wū), the fish and turtles will not be able to eat; Axe gold gets into the mountain in time, and mywood can't be used. Valley and fish turtles can't be eaten, and wood and wood can't be used, which makes people feel sorry for their health. There is no regret in health care, and the beginning of the king is also. " Five acres of house, mulberry trees, fifty people can wear clothes (clothes) silks. Chickens, dolphins and dogs () and livestock () can eat meat for 70 people without wasting time. A hundred acres of land, if you don't hurry, a family of several can be hungry; I respect the teaching of Preface very much and apply it in the sense of filial piety. White prizes will not be placed on the road. Seventy people eat clothes, silk and meat, and the people are not hungry or cold. However, people who are not wàng are not here. "If a dog eats human food without knowing it, if it is painted with pi?o without knowing it, it will say,' It's not me, it's age.' Why is it different from stabbing and killing people? Say,' If it's not me, it's a soldier? The king is innocent, and the people in the world are heavy. "

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Liang said, "I am loyal to my country." When there was a famine in the north of the Yellow River, the people there were moved to the east of the Yellow River, and the grain from the east of the Yellow River was transported to the north of the Yellow River. The same is true of the famine years east of the Yellow River. No one cares more about seeing the monarch of a neighboring country preside over political affairs than I do. But there are not many people in neighboring countries, and neither are I. Why? Mencius replied, "Your Majesty likes fighting. Allow me to use the metaphor of fighting. When the drums are drummed, the weapon blades have collided, throwing armor and dragging the weapon to escape. Some people stop after running a hundred paces, while others stop after running fifty paces. what do you think? King Hui said, "No, it's just that I didn't escape to a hundred paces." This is also an escape! "Mencius said," If your king understands this truth, you don't have to expect the population of your country to increase compared with that of neighboring countries. ""if you don't go against the farming season, you can't finish eating. "Fish and turtles won't be eaten up unless they fish in the pond (in ancient times, it was stipulated that meshes less than four inches [now more than two inches and seven minutes] were dense nets, and fishing in the pond was forbidden). If the trees are cut down according to the season (when the vegetation withers, when the growing season ends), the wood is inexhaustible. Food and fish and turtles can't be eaten up, and wood can't be used up, so that the people are not dissatisfied with feeding and burying people. People are poor and buried people are not satisfied. This is the beginning of kingliness. By planting mulberry trees next to a five-acre (five-acre: more than 20 cents per acre) residential field, you can wear silk clothes at the age of 50. Livestock raise chickens, pigs, dogs and other poultry and livestock (dolphins: piglets. Don't miss the breeding season, you can eat meat at the age of 70. One hundred acres of arable land, don't delay its production season, so that families of several people won't go hungry. Carefully set up school education, and repeatedly tell the people the truth of filial piety (:school, Shang (Yin) generation called Xu, Zhou Dynasty called Yu), so that white-haired old people don't pick or carry things on the road. Seventy years old, people can still wear clothes and eat meat, and ordinary people can't be hungry or frozen. Never before have they reached such a level, but they can't dominate the world. "Pigs and dogs eat people's food, but (nobles) don't stop it. There are hungry people on the road (the government) who don't know how to open granaries to help the people and the people, and they say,' It's not my fault, it's caused by poor years.' What's the difference between this statement and stabbing people with a knife and saying,' I didn't kill them, it was the murder weapon'? Your Majesty, don't blame Niancheng, then people all over the world (referring to people from other vassal States) will come to submit. "

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The first paragraph puts forward the problem of "the people are not increasing" The second to fourth paragraphs analyze the reasons for the "small increase in the population". The fifth to seventh paragraphs explain the concrete content of Mencius' "benevolent government"-the fundamental measures to increase the people.

Common words

1: There is no hope to be more than the neighboring countries. Chickens, dolphins, dogs and animals (ZHI), there is no time to waste. There is no "no" or "no", don't. 2. People who give white clothes are not responsible for wearing them on the road. 3. Draw the "road" and the road that hunger and I don't know how to spread. 4. Just but.

Different meanings of ancient and modern times

1. I went to the country. Me: (ancient meaning: the humble words of the ancient monarch to himself. Modern meaning: refers to lonely people) 2. Hanoi is fierce. Hanoi: Wei land on the north bank of the Yellow River, now Jiyuan area in Henan Province is fierce: (ancient meaning: the grain is not abundant, the year of famine. Modern significance: 1. It means that a person or an animal is short-tempered and heartless. 2. Impossible and unlucky. There are also many people in neighboring countries. Supplement: (Ancient meaning: adverb, duo. Modern meaning: the addition of two or more things or numbers: an increase of 4. Leave without armour. Go: (ancient meaning: run away. Go) 5. Or stop after a hundred steps. (archaic: some people. Today's meaning: a conjunction indicating choice, maybe, maybe) 6. Yes, go ahead. Go: (ancient meaning: run, run away. Today's meaning: walking) 7. If you don't go against the farming season, the valley can't take food. Valley: (ancient meaning: the general term for grain. Today's meaning: Xiaomi) 8. As time went on, the axe cut heavily into the mountain. Jin: (ancient meaning: axe. Meaning: unit of weight. ) 9. It is to make people lose their health and have no regrets. Health care: (ancient meaning: feed people. Today's meaning: keep fit. ) 10. Either I die or the soldiers die. Soldier: (ancient meaning: weapon. Today's meaning: the most basic personnel in the army) 1 1. The king is innocent, and everyone in the world is important. Years old: (ancient meaning: years old. Today's meaning: year)

polysemy

1. Count ① If you don't enter Mianchi's My Country, you can starve a family of two. Count a few, count a few, count a few, and you will win and lose. Compared with Qin, you may not easily measure the fate of the six countries. (4) Fu Su admonishes you by several counts. Ambassador and foreign general Chen Shuo's family has repeatedly asked for the quantity of black clothes. Touch the dragon and talk about the number and quantity of Zhao Empresses. The number of battleships in Meng Chong is calculated by thousands of Battle of Red Cliffs. 2. Straight, straight, straight, straight, straight, straight, straight, straight, straight, straight, straight, right, I'm going, too. Only, only, is to count the value of selling charcoal Weng on the bull's head, I can't get rid of it. Then I will criticize Lu Shuai for breaking my promise. The preface of the Southern Guide is straightforward. I will send out hundreds of idioms. I will send 900 people to Chen She. Meimu Fanyin's "Zuiweng Pavilion" begins ⑤ The owner forgot to return home, and the pipa trip to other places "begins ⑤ The big palace punishment is also fearful of righteousness, and it is difficult to burst into the" five-person tomb inscription ". ⑤ An Neng bends the flow of Hao Jie, mourns the tomb and expresses people's sorrow. (5) "Five Tomb Inscriptions" was issued, indicating that. The soldier is not me, but also a soldier. Bing is the soldier in "Touching the Dragon", which is about Queen Zhao. The troops are all trembling, and every grass and tree is a soldier in the battle of Feishui. 5. When the donkey wins great anger, and the hoof and donkey bear the burden, the grain can't win. I am in the country, too. This so-called victory is better than the court's "Zou Ji's satire can be taught". In the grand story of Yueyang Tower in Dongting Lake, the word "I am in the country" does not violate the word "I am in the country" in agricultural time, and the word "I am in the country" in agricultural time, opportunity, opportunity, 7. Wang is innocent, Wang, a noun, read wáng ② However, I am not Wang "I am in my country", the latter "food" is a noun, but food 9. In ①, we don't want to have more people than our neighbors, which is more important than in ②. For ③, freeloaders don't go on the road, but at ①, 10. I am in the country, too. The beginning of Wang Dao is also an auxiliary word in our country. The auxiliary word in our country is 45 mu, which is synonymous with filial piety. Auxiliary word, 1 1. Please use the metaphor of "our country is also" in war, use time to enter the forest, and apply the meaning of filial piety to "our country is also".

Flexible use of parts of speech

Noun as verb: drum filling: drum is a noun in general, which can be used flexibly as verb here: drum beating and marching into fifty can be covered with silk; Clothes are generally nouns, which can be used flexibly as verbs here: to wear clothes for the people is neither hungry nor cold, but not to be king, not to be possessed; Generally speaking, king is a noun, which can be used flexibly as a verb here: king, king, king. It is used flexibly here as a verb: complaining about the tree as mulberry; tree: generally "tree" is a flexible tree (noun) here, and the tree-planting dog unconsciously "eats" human food: generally "food" is a noun, and it is used flexibly here as a verb: eat a verb as a noun: please use the metaphor of war: generally "war" is a battle (verb in this case, the living people For the use of verbs, for the funeral ... other cautious teaching is cautious (adjectives). In this case, it is used as a verb: if it is serious, move your own people to Hedong and your own millet to Hanoi: General.

Special sentence patterns

The sentence 1, yes and go, this is also escape. It's not my fault, not my age, but my age. (negative judgment, positive judgment) 3. I didn't kill that soldier either. It was killed by a weapon. (ibid.) 4. It is to make people healthy and have no regrets. This is to let the people have no dissatisfaction with childbirth, support and burial. 5. There is no regret in keeping in good health, and there is no dissatisfaction in Wang Chusheng's burial, which is the beginning of the king. Inverted sentence 1, adverbial postposition sentence (preposition-object phrase postposition): (1) Apply for repeated education of filial piety and love for parents; (2) A white-handed person will not walk on the road with heavy objects on his head or shoulders; (1) Nothing. There's nothing. (2) chickens, dolphins and dogs. Livestock, chickens, dolphins and dogs. (1) There are more hopeless people than neighboring countries. 4. The fixed sentence (1) is not a hundred steps straight ("straight ear" is equivalent to "just") (2) or a hundred steps and then stop, or fifty steps and then stop ("or" 2. Abandoning armor and dragging soldiers, leaving the subject "soldier". 3. You can be hungry

After-class notes

1. Hanoi [fierce]: poor harvest, second year of famine. Nothing [plus] less: more than 3. [Fill in]: onomatopoeia, imitating drum shēng 4. [Drums]: Drumming 5. Not 100 step, just 6 steps. My country is not interested in 7 either. Valley. ......

Editing this "I am for the Country"-Writing Features

The characteristics of Mencius' prose reflected by this writing method are: 1. Clever metaphors and twists and turns. When talking about a problem, first hide the main idea, and gradually lead to this topic from people on the side, the opposite side and the periphery. If the original intention is to talk about benevolent government, but first use war as a metaphor, from the opposite side, so that Liang unconsciously followed him. In this way, the article is like a winding path; The literary trend is ups and downs, not stagnant. 2. The logic is rigorous and in-depth. On the surface, the article is rambling, but in fact, the logic is clear, the paragraphs are clear and the levels are orderly. If you ask questions first and then analyze the reasons, the following measures, starting from the king, implementing the king, and implementing benevolent government, are all in-depth and interlocking. 3. The writing is rich and vivid, full of rationality. Make good use of appropriate metaphors, powerful arrangements, exquisite words and sentences. Odd sentences and even sentences, monosyllabic sentences and compound sentence are used alternately, with flexible and confident brushwork and sharp and aggressive conversation. This article is very convincing.