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The History and Culture of Mianshan Scenic Area
Mianshan Taoist music grows with the development of Mianshan Taoism, with extremely rich connotations, which can be roughly divided into two parts. One part is Taoist music with local characteristics, also known as "local music", and the other part is Taoist music combined with court style, also known as "French music". Taoist music, as a form of Taoist preaching, worship and practice, exists in Taoist musical instruments, and its functions are: praying for blessings, eliminating evil spirits and eating to death. It is divided into two categories: Yang and Yin.

In the past, forced by their livelihood, Taoist priests often cooperated with other Taoist priests outside the palace to build temples in the homes of believers, so some fixed and established tracks were circulated, such as: Pu 'an Mantra (four strands), Zhang Yao (two strands), Shuihonghua (general), Damazou (three strands) and Zaimating. China's plays include: Yi Deng's ten punishments and ten reparations will always be converted to all kinds of nameless praise. The purpose is to cross over the dead, settle down and let the dead get out of hell as soon as possible. Most of these tracks are word of mouth, and many tracks have been lost.

In the Tang Dynasty, Li Yong, the founder of Taoism, and the royal family were both surnamed Li. Especially after Li Shimin defeated Song Jingang of Liu Wuzhou Department of Turkic Khan in Sparrow Valley near Mianshan, he laid a solid foundation for the Li and Tang Dynasties. Mianshan built many palaces and publicized the divine right of monarchy. During the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong blessed Mianshan and built a temple to worship the gods, which made the development of Taoism in Mianshan shine brilliantly. Palace-style "Fa Yue" has also become the characteristic of Mianshan Daole.

1995, Yan, a famous entrepreneur in Shanxi Province, chairman of Shanxi Sanjia Coal Chemical Co., Ltd. and a great scholar, invested heavily in restoring Mianshan Mountain, restoring more than 80 temples and more than 2,000 Taoist statues; Jiexiu Taoist Association was listed in Luoda Palace in Mianshan; Mianshan Religious Orchestra was established to collect and sort out Mianshan Taoist music, standardize Taoist Dojo instruments and profound Mianshan culture. After years of unremitting efforts, Mianshan Taoist culture has been restored. On May 2 1, 200 1, under the guidance of the Chinese Taoist Association, Mianshan successfully established the largest "Luotian Dayan" Dharma Association since the founding of the People's Republic of China. Mianshan Taoist music is melodious, solemn and elegant, which has won unanimous praise from Taoist colleagues at home and abroad and friends from Singapore, South Korea, France, Germany and the Netherlands. Min Zhiting, Chinese Taoist Association and Mianshan Economic Union are called "Mianshan Model", and Chinese Taoist Association once called for "learning from Mianshan Economic Union".

Mianshan Taoist music is called "Mianshan Yue Xian" by the world. Its style is quiet and elegant, emphasizing rhyme rather than brilliance, with dynamic melody, empty melody, sighing songs and strong religious atmosphere. Mianshan Taoist music has obvious mode characteristics of emphasizing gong yin; It shows its solemn, quiet and steady characteristics. Listening to Mianshan Daole is like being in a fairyland, which makes people feel relaxed and happy. The musical instruments of Mianshan Daole are: clang, cymbal, fish, bell, cymbal, drum and chime; The musical instruments played are: Sheng, Xiao, Guan, Di, Taosuo, Suona, Yunlong, dulcimer, Guzheng, Pipa, zhongruan, Daruan, Yueqin, Sanxian, Erhu, Zhonghu, Xiaohu and western musical instruments. Mianshan Taoist music is rich in timbre, with solemn, clear and solemn Yang rhyme and euphemistic, sad and sad Yin rhyme. According to its use, it can be divided into "ritual Taoist music" and "folk Taoist music": ritual Taoist music refers to Taoist music used in the ceremony of Dojo, including the inseparable parts in front; Folk Taoist music is called "licensing" or "playing music", which is similar to the "instrumental music" of folk music. It combines local folk music and is used for burning incense before and after the opening of the Dojo or the soaring Dojo. This kind of Taoist music is loose and lively, and it is very popular with believers. Mianshan Religious Orchestra has been constantly improving and forging ahead, creating and adapting a large number of tracks with the characteristics of Mianshan Taoist music, such as Mixed Yuan Zan, Flower Zan, Rhoda Yue Xian, Mianshan Autumn Moon, Mianshan Qingyun, Gong Jiezan and Fei Xian Qu, which have been appreciated by Taoist circles and relevant experts. He has made fruitful contributions in inheriting and developing the traditional culture of China.

Mianshan God is the intermediary. Liu Xiang's Biography of Immortals in the Western Han Dynasty recorded: "The initiator of Xie is also a Jin person. Hidden and nameless, Zhao Chengzi, and you. There is a yellowbird on the door. Jin Wengong and Zhong Er are different. They have been away from home for more than ten years and have worked hard. When I went back, Bozi in Jieshan often came in the morning to say' I can go', refused my mother to enter the mountain and traveled from Bozi. After that, Wen Gong sent thousands of people to send them jade gifts. Thirty years later, I saw Donghai selling fans for the king. I don't know where it is in the next few decades. " After Emperor Zhao Xerox built the "Miao Jie Temple", he called it the "mighty god", specializing in spreading sex, inspecting the sufferings of the people and solving problems for them. Another god in Mianshan is Weichi Gong. Gong joined the army at the end of Sui Dynasty and awarded a doctor to the Dynasty. Later, he was promoted to Khan by the Turks and was stationed in Jiezhou (now Jiexiu City). It was an extraordinary period, and staying behind was equivalent to a county magistrate. In the third year of Tang Wude (620), the King of Qin and the Liu Wuzhou Department of Yang Khan were appointed by the Turks and were defeated in the battle of Sparrow Valley and Dushuo Garden in Mianshan. He made great contributions to the realization of "the rule of chastity" in Li Shimin. In the meantime, there were many activities in Mianshan area, leaving traces and legends such as "directing the stage", "listening to the alley", "mounting a horse to run the spring" and "mounting a horse to split stones". In his later years, he believed in Taoist witchcraft and was regarded as a "door god".

The Buddha in Mianshan is Tanluan, a monk in the Northern Wei Dynasty and the pioneer of Pure Land Sect. After receiving the true biography of Bodhi, a Tianzhu monk in Luoyang, Lord Wei "ordered him to live in Bingzhou Temple, then moved to Shibi Temple in Beishan, Fenzhou in the evening, and then gathered for steaming under the shade of all mountains. Today, Gong Gongyan is also. " (See Biography of Monks in Tang Dynasty) The Great Monastery, Records of Fenzhou Prefecture and Shanxi Tongzhi are collectively called "Dayan Temple". According to the ancient mirror of Dayan Temple recorded by Qin Long in Mianshan, Wulong, Ming Dynasty, Dayan Temple was named Fu Bao Temple (now Yunfeng Temple). The original "Tanluan Monk's Tomb" was located in Huangtupo, Mianshan. (See the book Pure Land Ancient Temple Xuanzhong Temple). Duke Luan was called "Bodhisattva" by Liang Xiao and Wang Zun, and he was already a Buddha in the eyes of the world. Another Buddha in Mianshan is Zhi Chao, a monk in Sui and Tang Dynasties. Monks and Tian Ran, the common surname, were far away from their hometown, resisting the exploitation of local ruffians and the government and pleading for the people. In five years, Tang Wude entered the boundary mountain, created a Zen couple, and was famous for his belly ... He also established the Yan Guang Temple in Jiexiu County, Fenzhou, and finally got the result. According to legend, he is one of the buddhas of the past and the incarnation of the ancient Buddha of the Empty King. He is a "Zen virtue" who takes evil as his enemy, is courageous, is charitable and does good deeds everywhere. He is known as "Mianshan Living Buddha" by the world. After his death, Emperor Taizong of Li Shimin named him "the ancient Buddha of the Empty King" and became the earliest Buddhist in the Han nationality.

The above deities and buddhas were all promoted as Jin people by Jie Li (one said Pei Jie in Xia County, the other said Jiexiu Xiaosongqu, and the other said Qinzhou Tongcymbals); Weichi Gong is (now back to the state); Tanluan is a native of Yanmen (now the county area); Zhichao is the whirlpool man of Yuci. They are all living buddhas and living gods who once grew up in this land of Shanxi. This phenomenon of "true gods and true buddhas" gathering in one mountain is unique in the world. Yan Wengong

Wengong Banquet began in the Spring and Autumn Period. In Jin Wengong for three years, Duke Wen led his ministers to Mianshan to offer sacrifices to the man who was once a neighbor of the man. He was very moved to see Jin Wengong sacrifice for Gong Jie for three years in a row. He specially invited a famous chef named Wang Chunfa from the city to prepare a feast for Jin Wengong. This banquet smells delicious and has a unique flavor. When Wen Gong saw it, his heart was full of love. After tasting it, he was full of praise, saying that it was delicious that he had never tasted in his life. At this time, Hu Yan, Zhao Shuai and others cheered, and everyone discussed the banquet as "Wen Gong Banquet". From then on, this banquet became famous in one fell swoop and became a famous banquet in the Jin Dynasty, which lasted for more than 2,600 years.

Gong Jie banquet

Gong Jieyan began in the late Western Jin Dynasty, when the Chaogang was decadent, the vassal regime was divided, and Schleswig built an uprising in Mianshan. Schleswig-Holstein was determined to save the country and recruit heroes from all over the world, which coincided with the arrival of the celebrity Zhang Bin. They are like-minded, look to God together, and swear to "work together to help the poor and protect the danger, serve the country, and live and work in peace." After that, they went to the village to drink and eat. The banquet was rich, fresh, nutritious and quite distinctive. Zhang Bin appreciated it very much after dinner and asked Schleswig-Holstein's name. Schleswig said with a smile: "My brother and I just prayed for the introduction of God. May God help us save the people and unify China at an early date, so let's call it an introductory banquet. " Since then, this kind of banquet has become a delicacy in Mianshan. It is said that Schleswig-Holstein often used this banquet to entertain ministers after he proclaimed himself emperor, and it became a delicious food that ministers often ate.

Peng Zu healthy herbal medicine

Peng Zu, namely Peng Keng. According to the examination, when Peng Zu was young, he practiced in Longjiling, Mianshan for many years. During this period, I often ate Radix Astragali, Rhizoma Polygonati, Radix Codonopsis and Semen Platycladi, so I lived 800 years and became the longest-lived person in China. Peng Zu advocated food, health care and medicated diet, was the first person to guide Qigong, created the world-famous Peng Zu health care banquet, and was a veritable culinary master in China. After more than 4,000 years of evolution, development and enrichment, Peng Zu Health Banquet has finally become one of the famous flavor banquets in Mianshan, a characteristic health banquet with a long history and rich varieties in China, and a brand banquet created by famous chefs of Yangyuanzhai in Qiongya Hotel. This feast focuses on health and nourishment. In the process of preparing dishes, we consulted a large number of classic works, such as Huangdi Neijing, Compendium of Materia Medica, Dietotherapy Zheng Zheng, Tiaodingji, Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine and so on. With its rich selection of materials, diverse cooking methods, diverse tastes of dishes and remarkable nourishing and health care functions, it is very popular among tourists.

Zhujiayan

Zhu family banquet originated from Zhu Quan, the seventeenth son of Zhu Yuanzhang. Zhu Quan's handwriting is immortal, and his name is Xu Zi. Zhu Yuanzhang made him King Ning. During the Hongwu period, Zhu Yuanzhang thought that his father Zhu Shizhen prayed for the world in Mianshan, and when he became emperor, he sent Zhu Quan to Mianshan to worship his ancestors. After that, I went to a small restaurant in Mianshan. According to tourists, there is a chef Tian who is very good at cooking and went to taste his cooking. Chef Tian cooked a delicious table with local meat dishes. After tasting it, Zhu Quan appreciated it very much and named it "Zhu Family Banquet". Since then, it has been introduced into the palace as "Zhu Ming Dynasty Banquet".

Jinwangyan

Wang Jin's banquet has a history of 1300 years. Li Zhi, the ninth son of Emperor Taizong and Li Shimin, was named King of Jin. At that time, he witnessed the fierce competition between Li Chenggan and Lee Tae for the throne, so he went to Mianshan to pray for God's blessing. Finally, he ascended the throne and inherited it. After feeling grateful, I went to Mianshan to repair the cave palace. In the evening, I ate in a restaurant in Mianshan, and the store prepared a sumptuous banquet for it. Emperor Gaozong looked at its color, smelled its taste, applauded and tasted it once. It was delicious and called it "Mianshan cuisine". This matter spread to later generations, and all the dignitaries went to Mianshan to taste the banquet of the king of Jin.

Lugongyan

Lu Gong Banquet originated from Wen Yanbo, a famous figure in the Northern Song Dynasty. Yan Bo, the word Kuanfu, is from Wenjiazhuang, Jiexiu. I have been out for fifty years. Because of his active counterinsurgency, Song Shenzong made him Duke of Lu. During the Yuanfeng period, Hou was promoted to Jiefeng Enchantment Enchantment Enchantment Enchantment Enchantment Enchantment Enchantment, and Wen Yanbo ordered Mianshan to build a pavilion. After the completion, the county magistrate gave a banquet and invited Wen Yanbo to order. Wen Yanbo couldn't refuse, so he ordered a dozen according to his own taste. Since then, Lu Gong banquet has gradually spread and become a famous banquet.

Kai yuan Yu Yan

"Kaiyuan Imperial Banquet" is a famous Mianshan banquet in Sanjin, which began in Tang Dynasty. Legend has it that during the Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty went to Mianshan to worship, and the county magistrate ordered him to receive it in a restaurant in Mianshan, demanding delicious dishes and unique flavors. The shop made a banquet according to local tastes. Tang Xuanzong praised "delicious" after eating. Zack Zhang and Song Jing had never tasted this delicacy and praised "delicious". Seeing that the emperor and ministers were satisfied with their food, the shopkeeper dared to ask the saint for a name. Tang Xuanzong blurted out: "Let's call it the Kaiyuan Imperial Banquet." After that, all the dignitaries and literati who came to Mianshan had to eat this banquet, which gradually became famous and spread to this day.

Qingzhuyan

Fu Shan, a great scholar and medical scientist in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, loved famous mountains and rivers all his life and went to Mianshan several times to practice. Especially good at medical ethics and health preservation. He advocated that "learning to be immortal should be followed by studying medicine, and the medical way should become immortal." He found that there were more than 1000 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines in Mianshan, including dozens of precious ones, so he collected them everywhere, making people cook a feast of wild herbs, wild fruits and wild vegetables, which was fresh and refreshing and had a unique flavor. Later, people called it the "green banquet". The main characteristics of the banquet are five grains for nourishment, five fruits for help, five livestock for benefit, five dishes for filling, all flavors combined, harmonizing yin and yang and replenishing essence.

Farmhouse banquet

According to legend, this banquet came from the Yongxing period of the Eastern Han Dynasty. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Guo Tai, together with 30,000 Thai students, attacked the darkness and corruption of state affairs and became a famous "Qing Yi" at that time. Henan Yin said that Cathay Pacific "has immortal bones and magnificent views"; Fan Pang, the satrap of Runan, praised him as "hidden without violating his relatives, loyal without vulgarity." Later, due to the violent impact of social reality and personal lofty morality at that time, Guo Tai returned to Jiexiu from Luoyang to teach and educate people. One day, Mars and Fan Pang, who became close friends with Guo Tai, went to Jiexiu to visit their old friends, and Guo Tai made a pilgrimage to Mianshan. In order to entertain old friends, Guotai specially prepared a farmhouse banquet in Mianshan No.1 Hospital. Mianshan omnivorous food, elegant aroma and Shan Ye's interest in rural customs amazed these well-informed court officials. Since then, the story of "peasant banquet" has been widely circulated among the people and has become a famous banquet in Sanjin. Today, peasant banquets are famous all over the world for their profound cultural heritage. 1. The earliest historical record was mentioned four times in China's first historical book, Zuo Zhuan, and also recorded in the earliest poetry collections, The Book of Songs and Songs of the South. It is recorded in the Book of Songs that "death leads to life, and life leads to life." It truly describes the seclusion life of Jiexiu's mother and son. People's moral integrity has become a much-told story of the people of all ages.

2. The unique mountain range of Baobuyan is unique in the world. It is 60m high,180m wide and 50m deep. It can accommodate more than 200 temples and buildings and10,000 to 20,000 tourists. The breathtaking and spectacular hanging bell under the rock is unique.

3. The Fu Bao Temple Monument in Fenzhou, Tang Dynasty was formed in the 20th year of Tang Kaiyuan, with a history of 1200 years. It vividly describes the situation that Di Gong, a monk of the Three Kingdoms in Cao Wei period, planned to build a bow temple, and there are many inscriptions by celebrities in Tang and Song Dynasties. Content and calligraphy are very valuable. Especially the distance between the monument and the temple is more than 200 meters, which is an eternal mystery. There is no second case in China.

4. "He Zhangzhi's hiking trail" is a dangerous path from the ravine to the rock. According to the inscription on the left side of the Gong Temple Monument in Fenzhou, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, when he climbed Mianshan, he was first dragged by a monk to a "chessboard hole" of more than 50 meters, and then climbed a 100-meter ladder to Yunfeng Temple. Then follow the 120 and 60 stone steps to Tiesuoling, grab more than 70 meters of iron rope and climb Tiesuoling, and climb Mostar in one go. The distance of more than 500 meters is almost a 75-degree cliff. It has not only peculiar natural landscapes, but also rich human history, which can be described as a wonder of the world.

5. Honeycomb Spring is a rock with a height of100m and a width of 30m. At the bottom of the rock, there are dozens of stone emulsions dripping all the year round, falling into the stone pool and making a tinkling sound. Scholars in previous dynasties called it a hanging spring. The spring water hanging on the rock wall like this is unique in China.

6. Rhoda Palace is an antique building built on a mountain with a total area of 30,000 square meters, which is comparable to Potala Palace and is the first palace in the world. The 300-square-meter woodcut of Tao Te Ching and the 300-square-meter cloth painting inscribed by hundreds of famous artists in China are unique in China.

7. The overpass plank road is more than 300 meters long, all built on the top of the mountain, with white marble railings on the side, which looks like a white crane spreading its wings in the air from a distance. When people cross the small bridge, the spring is surging under their feet, giving people a feeling of being on cloud nine. This scene is hard to find even if you have traveled all over the famous mountains and rivers in China.

8, 20 kilometers of Shuitaogou, Cangyan, winding path leading to a secluded place, strange trees and rocks, blooming mountain flowers, dotted with weeds. As Li Daoyuan of the Northern Wei Dynasty said in the Notes on Water Classics, the stone river in Mianshan is full of twists and turns, surging, and the goshawk is singing in the empty valley, forming a strange landscape picture. Among them, the drop of Wulong Waterfall is more than 80 meters, and tourists can pass under the waterfall; Water curtain cave Waterfall plunges down from the front of the cave and can accommodate 30 to 40 people. This kind of scenery is rare in the north.

9. Mianshan God is an intermediary, more than 2,600 years ago, and is one of the earliest Taoist figures. The Buddha in Mianshan is the Empty King Buddha, commonly known as Tian Zhichao. He was originally a monk in the Tang Dynasty and the first Han Chinese to become a Buddha. In addition, Weichi Gong, a general in the early Tang Dynasty, and the pioneer of the Northern Wei Dynasty Pure Land Sect were also unique gods in Mianshan. They are all native Shanxi people, which is incomparable to other famous mountains. The deities in Mianshan range from invisible deities, nameless deities and supreme monarchs to mountain deities and land, and the Buddhas in Mianshan range from bright light, wonderful light and burning light to past, present and future Buddhas. The number of gods and buddhas ranks first in the country.

10, Mianshan Religious Orchestra is composed of 150 people, and has performed for religious figures in Taiwan many times, especially the ascension ceremony of the abbot of Baiyun Temple in Beijing, the opening ceremony of Lutai in Hebei, and the opening ceremony of Pu 'an in Liaoning. The performance of the orchestra is very popular. Min Zhiting, director of the Chinese Taoist Association, spoke highly of Mianshan Religious Orchestra.