A beautician's facial expertise, the face is a person's facade, if you want to become a professional beautician, you have to start with the face. The following is my professional knowledge of beauticians' faces. Learn the professional knowledge of beautician's face. From now on, I will never break my hand again. Let's study together.
Facial expertise of beauticians 1
First, the texture and structure of the skin
Skin can be divided into three layers: epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue.
1. epidermis
The epidermis is the thinnest cortex, and the facial epidermis consists of four layers, from outside to inside:
● stratum corneum
● Granular layer
● There are thorns.
● Basic layer
(1) epidermal basal layer
Basal layer: composed of basal cells and melanocytes, only 1 layer. It can produce melanin and protect the skin from ultraviolet rays. Cells have the ability to divide and proliferate.
(2) The epidermis has spinous layer.
Spiny layer: It is composed of spiny cells, accounting for most of the epidermis, and its main function is to transport nutrients.
(3) epidermal granular layer
Granular layer: composed of granular cells, it is the surface defense zone of skin. At this point, the cells have begun to age gradually.
(4) Epidermal stratum corneum
Cuticle: It is composed of 5- 10 layers of dead seedless keratinocytes, with a scaly structure and strong water absorption. It has an effect on metabolism. It can prevent water loss and infiltration. Strong friction resistance, can resist slight stimulation, and will fall off on its own.
Low water face.
The water content and oil content of stratum corneum are related to the beauty of face.
○ Water content accounts for 10-20%
○ Oil content accounts for 5-7%
When the water content of the face is less than the water content, fine lines will appear, but they can be eliminated by hydrating and moisturizing.
2. genuine leather
Dermal is 0/5 ~ 40 times larger than epidermis, and consists of collagen fibers and elastic fibers. The dermis contains hair follicles, hairy muscles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands and other accessory organs.
● Fibrous tissue of dermis.
1) Collagen fiber is the main component of dermal tissue. The fibers are thick and composed of collagen, which are arranged horizontally in bundles. Toughness and tensile strength, but lack of elasticity.
(2) Elastic fiber-a component of dermal tissue. The fibers are very thin, composed of elastin, and wound between collagen fibers in a wave shape. Elastic fibers make the skin elastic and can be restored to its original state after stretching.
3. Subcutaneous tissue
Below the dermis is subcutaneous tissue, also known as subcutaneous fat layer, which contains sweat glands, hair balls, nerves, blood vessels and other ancillary organs.
Fat can protect the body, has the function of heat insulation and heat avoidance, and the amount of fat content is bound to make people slim and plump.
Men's body fat content accounts for 15-20% of body weight, while women's body fat content accounts for about 20-25%, so women are more hardy than men.
Second, the physiological function of the skin
1. Protection function 2. Sensory function 3. Regulatory function 4. Secretion and excretion function. Immune function 6. Absorption function 7. Metabolic function
Third, the growth cycle of the skin
●0~ 16 years old-growth period ● 16~20 years old-maturity period ● After 20 years old-tend to aging period.
The growth cycle of skin is not necessarily based on age, but will be advanced or postponed according to various factors such as heredity, environment, region, spirit, nutrition, physiology or pathology, maintenance and so on.
Fourth, the metabolism of the skin
1. Metabolism: The whole process from cell growth to aging, death and shedding is called metabolism, and the cycle is 2 1 -28 days.
2. Performance of metabolism
(1) Normal metabolism: the skin surface is soft, smooth and fine.
(2) Abnormal metabolism: The skin looks rough, dry and pigmented, and it is easy to get facial sores.
Fifth, the protective film of skin-sebum film
Sebum membrane: Sebum secreted by sebaceous glands and sweat secreted by sweat glands are mixed on the skin surface to form a milky lipid membrane called sebum membrane. It has a certain protective effect on the skin.
Six, skin pH-pH value
In medicine and cosmetology, the pH value of skin is usually used to judge whether the skin is healthy or not.
Skin PH value
Normal skin 4.8-5.6
Partial dry skin 4.0-5.0
Oily skin 5.6-6.6
Facial expertise of beauticians II. Cosmetic facial diagnosis-eye and facial diagnosis chapter
Dark circles-black renal dysfunction
The formation of eye circles may be due to too much waste deposited in the blood. The skin of the lower eyelid is thinner than other parts, which is the easiest to reflect the color of blood. If the beautician sees that the customer's glasses have serious dark circles, he can ask the customer if he hasn't slept well recently, and if he feels too stressed or tired. Then tell her to adjust the kidney meridian more often, because the renal insufficiency that dominates the urogenital organs will also make her eyes dull. Tell customers to eat more black food.
Eyelid edema-humoral disorder
Eyelid edema is serious, and body fluids may be unbalanced. Ask the customer if she is weak and thirsty recently, and tell her that the kidney may be "playing tricks". A healthy kidney can smoothly excrete excess water from the body. When water is insufficient, it will slow down metabolism and store water in the body, thus causing mild edema.
Fat particles-high cholesterol
If you see more wrinkles and fat particles in customers' eyes, ask them if they didn't notice when applying skin care products, and teach them how to apply skin care products correctly. At the same time, we should also tell customers that there are many fat particles around the eyes, which also reflects the high cholesterol. We can regulate and restore health by keeping in good health through the Fourteen Classics and Four Seasons and dredging blood vessels. If it is serious, we suggest that the other party go to the hospital for examination.
Eye of a needle-low immunity
Japanese medical experts have found that long needle eyes indicate that your immunity is declining, and bacteria can easily enter your eyes from the root of eyelashes, causing inflammation. If there are repeated pinholes, you'd better go to the hospital for a comprehensive health check-up.
Yellowing of white eyes-hepatobiliary problems
If the eyes are blurred, there may be something wrong with the liver and gallbladder. Bile is a yellow-green liquid secreted by liver cells and stored in gallbladder. When there is something wrong with the gallbladder or liver, bile will flow into the blood, making the whites of the eyes yellow.
Cosmetic facial diagnosis facial diagnosis-lip seal
Lip color is too white-lack of red blood cells
Lips, like lower eyelids, belong to mucous membrane, and the epidermis is very thin, which can completely reflect the color of blood, which is also the reason why lips are red. If the lip color becomes lighter, it may be insufficient red blood cells. In addition to recommending suitable items, beauticians can also advise customers to change their recipes and eat more animal offal and tofu, thus alleviating anemia symptoms.
Lip-red fever syndrome
If your lips are too bright red, you may have a "fever" represented by red. Traditional Chinese medicine divides heat syndrome into "excess heat" and "deficiency heat", which is caused by the decrease of water in the body. When the body temperature rises, the regulating function of the body is weakened, and the cheeks, lips and tongue will turn red locally.
Ruptured corners of the mouth-early gastritis
If you feel tingling in your mouth or even redness and rupture, it is likely to be an early warning of gastritis. When the gastric mucosa is in a state of fatigue, it will cause internal heat, leading to oral swelling.
Smell-Distinguished by taste type
The sweetness in the mouth is related to the dysfunction of digestive system. It is generally believed that this disease is more common in diabetic patients. Bitter taste appears in the mouth, mostly belonging to hepatobiliary fever and gastrointestinal fever, which is more common in the acute attack period of various inflammations; Salty mouth is mainly the manifestation of deficiency of kidney yin and deficiency of fire, which is considered by Chinese medicine to be related to kidney, and is more common in chronic pharyngitis or oral ulcer; Liver heat leads to sour mouth, which is the opinion of traditional Chinese medicine, reflecting the weakness of spleen and stomach, and is more common in gastritis or digestive tract ulcer. In addition, nasal diseases can also cause bad breath.
Cosmetic facial diagnosis facial diagnosis-nose chapter
Nose acne-digestive system problems
The acne on the nose is mostly due to digestive system problems. Through the four-season regimen of fourteen meridians and dredging blood vessels, it is suggested to adjust and eat more bananas.
Red nose-liver problem
The sudden redness of the tip of the nose indicates that the liver is overloaded. If you drink too much, your body will leave blood in the liver in order to decompose alcohol, which will cause the blood vessels to dilate and make your nose red. Therefore, it is very important to control the amount of drinking and detoxify. Foods such as sweet potatoes can avoid indigestion by keeping the digestive tract unobstructed.
Cosmetic facial diagnosis facial diagnosis-cheek chapter
Redness of cheeks-body moisture disorder
If "plateau red" appears, it may be what western medicine calls "unexplained low fever", which is caused by excessive physical exertion and imbalance of water in the body. If you are sweating and wheezing besides your cheeks are red, it may be a blood flow disorder caused by a high fever.
Pale cheeks-insufficient oxygen supply
Anemia is characterized by pallor of lips, inner eyelids and cheeks, which is caused by insufficient supply of heme responsible for oxygen transport in the blood. In addition, weak breathing will reduce the skin function, reduce the function of producing melanin, and easily lead to pale cheeks.
Wrinkles on cheekbones-abnormal liver function
May be caused by abnormal liver function. If the liver function can't purify the blood or supply enough oxygen to the blood, it will make the blood turbid, reduce the metabolic rate in the body and increase the skin sensitivity, which will lead to wrinkles.
Acne on both sides of cheeks-secretion disorder
Disordered hormone secretion can lead to acne on the forehead and chin. If you have acne on both sides of your cheeks, it may be caused by anxiety and work pressure, in addition to incomplete cleaning.
Large pores-lack of water in the skin
With the increase of age, the sebum secretion of the body will gradually decrease, and the moisturizing ability of the skin will also begin to decline, so pay attention to skin hydration.