Keywords: cultural reasons for differences in medical care methods
I. Introduction
After tens of thousands of years of great changes, things have changed. The ancestors of human beings have survived in this wild land, and they have survived from generation to generation. In the process of growing up, no matter in appearance, psychology or lifestyle, it has become different. But in the same way, they all used their wisdom to overcome the domineering beasts of the past and the harsh and ruthless environment of the past. They can't beat the laws of nature, no matter how hard they try, they will die. They long for a healthy and long life. A heartfelt desire inspires them to keep exploring and studying for a simple goal-health preservation. It is precisely because of this that a variety of health-preserving means and methods have emerged all over the world.
Second, the definition of the connotation of health preservation method
(A) the definition of medical care
The word "health preservation" first appeared in Guanzi during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. See Zhuangzi again? Lord health. The word "keeping in good health" was invented by China, which means to maintain life in order to achieve longevity.
What is medical care? Health care refers to nourishing life, strengthening body and preventing diseases through various methods in order to achieve the purpose of prolonging life. Guided by the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, and following the changing law of biochemical collection of yin-yang, five elements, scientifically recuperates the human body and restores its vitality [1].
(B) the definition of health care
Health preservation method refers to the means and methods adopted for the purpose of health preservation. It is a medical activity to maintain life, strengthen the system and prevent diseases, so as to achieve the purpose of prolonging life [2].
As the word "keep healthy" comes from China, it is rarely used in western countries. In this paper, the means and methods adopted by the west to achieve the same goal are called "health preservation method"
Three, the types of Chinese and Western health care methods and their differences.
In the long history of human development, health and longevity have always been a beautiful wish pursued by people. People all over the world have created various health preserving methods for this ideal.
(A) China way of keeping in good health
As early as the emergence of Huangdi Neijing, China's medical and health care system was mature. The book Huainan Lie Hong in the Western Han Dynasty has an excellent interpretation of "health preservation". A dialogue in the Ten Questions: Yao asked Yu Shun, "Who is the most expensive in the world?" Shun said, "Life is the most expensive". This fully demonstrates China's emphasis on health preservation.
Because of this, China has formed a set of health care system including many health care methods and health care theories. Among them, there are the following health preserving methods: 1. Adjust your mentality, that is, maintain mental pleasure and mental health. Second, exercise. Such as wuqinxi, baduanjin, taiji biography and so on. Third, environmental sanitation. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Laozi clearly put forward the concept of "following nature". On this basis, Huangdi Neijing established a specific health preserving method of "four seasons are suitable, cold and heat are suitable". Fourth, adjust your diet. Five, meridian massage. Six, qigong practice [3].
(B) Western health
According to the purpose of keeping in good health, western countries also have many methods of keeping in good health. For example: first, balanced nutrition. Western countries pay attention to the balance of protein, fat, vitamins and other nutrients to maintain health. Second, modern sports. Western countries attach great importance to the role of sports, such as running, swimming, fitness and so on. Third, psychological counseling [4].
(C) the differences between Chinese and Western health care
Different nationalities and countries will derive completely different cultural phenomena because of many differences. The same is true as part of health care.
There are many ways of keeping in good health in China and the West, many of which are very similar. For example, diet emphasizes balance and uses nutrients in food to regulate the body; Moderate exercise makes the body healthier and psychologically adjusted. It can be described as the same strain. However, even so, the difference between the two still exists.
1. China health care has formed a complete system under the guidance of health care theory. However, western health rules cannot constitute an independent discipline.
As early as the pre-Qin period, a large number of health preserving methods appeared in China. By the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, China had formed a relatively perfect traditional health preserving culture. Huangdi Neijing in the Warring States Period is the earliest extant monograph introducing the theory of traditional Chinese medicine. By the Han dynasty, the health culture had matured. China's health-preserving methods are not isolated, they are interrelated and influence each other. With the integration of health-preserving theories, * * * has become a unique health-preserving cultural system in China. In contrast, various health preserving methods abroad cannot be integrated into an independent discipline. For example, diet subordination and nutrition, running and fitness belong to sports and so on. There is no common guiding theory between them, so they can't learn much from each other.
2. China's health preservation is based on China's philosophy, which brings together the ideological essence of Taoism, Confucianism, Buddhism, medicine and martial arts. Health care abroad is mainly based on modern western medicine.
China's traditional philosophy holds that the universe is a big Sunday and the human body is a small Sunday. Therefore, the method of keeping in good health is based on the holistic view of human life. Secondly, China's traditional concept of harmony between man and nature also leads people to conform to nature and attach importance to the law if they want to live a long and healthy life. Huangdi Neijing makes it very clear: "Those who have four seasons of yin and yang are always with everything, and the foundation of life and death is also a disaster;" From then on, you can't afford it. " The four seasons regimen is also developed on this basis. In addition, these philosophical thoughts, such as the balance of Yin and Yang, the unity of form and spirit, all shine brilliantly in China's regimen. "Simple and simple, selfish and lustless". ("Laozi") "Clear but not miscellaneous, static and unchanged, light and inaction, moving and doing it, this way of health is also." ("Zhuangzi? Deliberately) This kind of Confucianism and Taoism thought is also very common in China's health preservation. Modern medicine developed earlier in western countries. Biological knowledge plays a vital role in keeping in good health. Western countries pay more attention to health indicators such as blood sugar, blood lipid and blood pressure, as well as nutritional indicators such as vitamins, protein and sugar when formulating health preservation methods.
3. China's health care is used to grasping the whole and paying attention to the connection between things, which is holistic. Health rules in western countries are relatively isolated and targeted.
"Wood governs the heart, fire governs the liver, soil governs the spleen, gold governs the lungs, and water governs the kidneys". China thinks that the human body can belong to the five elements. These five elements complement each other. "Wood fires, fire produces soil, native gold, gold produces water, aquatic wood; Mu, Tuk water, water, Huo, Jin Kemu ". It is this simple theory of five elements that well reflects the operating law of China's health culture-balance. China's health care method emphasizes the holistic view, pays attention to the relationship between various parts of the body, and pursues the harmonious operation of the human body. In ancient times, Bian Que suffered from prince's rash, but acupuncture on his knee cured his abdominal pain. This is to regard the human body as a whole, which is not magical. This is a small balance. China pays more attention to the great balance, that is, the balance between man and nature, and regards the world as a closely linked whole. Heaven and man correspond, and yin and yang are balanced. What we advocate is the harmony of everything. On the other hand, most western health care methods are to treat headaches and foot pains.