Qingwen

The moon is hard to meet, and the colorful clouds are easy to disperse. The heart is higher than the sky, based on this. Romance and dexterity are offensive. A long life is full of slander, but an affectionate son is empty.

Attack people

Warm in vain, empty clouds like osmanthus,

The actresses are blessed, but the sons have no chance.

Xiangling

Lotus root is fragrant one by one, and it is really hurt in life.

Since the birth of the orphan tree in the two places, the sweet soul has returned to its hometown.

Baochai and Daiyu

It's a pity to stop working, but it's a pity to praise talents.

The jade belt hangs in the forest and is buried in the snow.

Yuan Chun

In the past 20 years, I have distinguished right from wrong, and I have a bright future.

Three spring fights for the early spring scenery, and the tiger meets the dream.

Tanchun

I am smart and ambitious. I was born in the last days.

Qingming tears are sent to the riverside to see, and Dongfeng dreams.

auspicious cloud

What is wealth? Parents were disobedient when they were babies.

The beautiful eyes hang oblique light, and the Xiangjiang River died in Chu Yunfei.

Miaoyu

If you want to be clean, you can't be clean, and the clouds may not be empty.

Poor Xiaoyu finally got stuck in the mud.

winter jasmine

My son is a Zhongshan wolf. If he succeeds, he will be crazy.

The golden boudoir is full of flowers and willows, and she goes to Huang Liang with one load.

Xichun

It can be seen that the spring scenery is not long, and the clothes are replaced with the makeup of the year before.

Poor embroidered maid, lying alone beside the ancient Buddha in Deng Qing.

Wang Xifeng

All the birds from the last days know that they love this life.

Obeying two orders, three people were in a daze, and crying to Jinling was even more sad.

Qiaojie

If you are defeated, don't worry about your family.

I met a benefactor because I helped Liu.

Liwan

Who is like an orchid after the spring breeze of peaches and plums bears fruit?

Like ice water, you are jealous in an empty space, and you play jokes on others in vain.

qin ke qing

Love the infinite illusion of love, and love will dominate her when it is satisfied.

If you talk nonsense, you will have honor. It's a good start to trouble.

A Study of Judgments in A Dream of Red Mansions

Good things will come one day.

Painting beams in spring leaves fragrant dust. Being good at amorous feelings and grasping the moon phase is the foundation of losing home. Everything is respectful. The death of a family is the first sin. Always because of love.

Poetry appreciation

This song is about Qin Keqing.

"Good things are over" means that the incest scandal between Qin Keqing and Jia Zhen has come to an end, and its title contains obvious irony.

Judging from the first few words of this piece of music, the author seems to be blaming the decline of the Jia family. In fact, if we carefully observe the plot in the book, only through Qin Keqing, Jia Zhen, Jia Rong, Jia Jing and others were brought out and exposed in Ningfu. Whether Qin Keqing's downfall was active or forced is unknown, but no matter from which angle, Jia Zhen is the main responsible person. Qin Keqing was not born into a noble family, but was an orphan adopted by his father Qin Yecong's "Yangshengtang". Jia Zhen, a shameless prodigal son, coveted her beauty, regardless of ethical relations, lured her to fall, leading to her suicide. It should be reasonable to speculate. Furthermore, the author thinks that Jia Zhen's fall is the responsibility of his father Jia Jing. This Jia Jing devoted himself to being immortal, burning Dan and smelting mercury all the year round, "keeping company with Taoist sheep only inside and outside the city", and completely giving up his family business for the education of future generations. So Jia Zhen and Jia Rong's father and son "just couldn't be happy and turned over Ningguo House", and no one dared to take care of it. Children and grandchildren are corrupt, and there is no successor. What should we do if we are invincible?

A Study of Judgments in A Dream of Red Mansions

Virtual flower enlightenment

How about seeing through those three springs? Knock out youth and find a bright sky. What are you talking about? The sky is full of peaches, and there are many apricots in the clouds. Who will survive the autumn in the end? Look, people in Bai Yang Village are sobbing, and ghosts are singing under the green maple forest. What's more, even the grass covers the grave. It was yesterday that the poor and the rich worked hard, and the spring was bright and the autumn flowers were tortured. Like this, who can escape life and death? It is said that the precious tree in the west is called mother-in-law, which bears immortal fruit.

Poetry appreciation

This song is about cherishing spring.

"Virtual Flower Enlightenment" thoroughly understands that all wealth and splendor make the illusion unfounded.

This piece of music is the same as the previous "Good Songs and Good Notes", exaggerating as much as possible, saying that prosperity is fleeting, and don't take "fake" as "true" and don't be stubborn. Xi Chun will "realize". In the seventh story, Zhou Rui's wife sent palace flowers, and Xichun said with a smile, "I just told Clever that I shaved my head and would become a monk with her tomorrow. Coincidentally, I sent flowers again." Where can I wear this flower if I shave my head? "At such a young age, without any setbacks, it is unreasonable to want to become a monk. In order to deny the decadent life of the Jia family, the author arranged such a character among the twelve women, and it was consistent with the style in the book, and the reader also admitted it. The seventy-fourth time I wrote that she quarreled with her sister-in-law, You Shi, and Chun said angrily, "I only know that protecting me is enough, regardless of you. From now on, don't bother me if you have something to do! " She wants to "draw a line" with the dirty life of Ningfu. You Shi mocked her: "I know you are a stone-hearted person." Xichun said, "The ancients said,' If you are not cruel, you will find it difficult to learn'. I am an honest and clean person, why should you teach me to take care of me! " You Shi was poked at a sore spot and dared not say any more. These descriptions show that Xi Chun's becoming a monk is the only form of protest against the turbid reality. In the future, she will "beg" like a beggar, and "longevity fruit" will definitely not eat.

In fact, this piece of music is not only designed for cherishing spring, but more sentences are the grief directly expressed by the author after disillusionment, and the pessimistic atmosphere is too strong.

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A Study of Judgments in A Dream of Red Mansions

Liu Yuqing

Stay in Qing Yu, stay in Qing Yu, and suddenly meet a benefactor; Lucky mother, lucky mother, accumulate yin work. Persuade students to help the poor. Don't be like my cruel uncle, a traitor who loves money and forgets flesh and blood. It's multiplication, division, addition and subtraction, with the sky on it.

Poetry appreciation

This song is dedicated to Qiaojie.

The title of "staying in Qing Yu" comes from the saying that "accumulating goodness is not just a celebration"; This old saying comes from the Book of Changes and Kun Gua: "If there is a good family, there must be Qing Yu". It means that predecessors have accumulated virtues and future generations have benefited.

Qiaojie is the youngest of the twelve women in Grand View Garden. Because she hasn't grown up, the author didn't describe her character. Her fate depends on her mother, Wang Xifeng. Wang Xifeng was a hero all his life and was defeated in the end. How can there be eggs under the nest? Qiaojie's fate can be inferred.

Grandma Liu went to Jia's house for help when he was too poor to survive the winter. Xifeng didn't think highly of this poor relative, but she didn't want to help her. The "yin gong" mentioned in the song refers to this matter. Since then, Granny Liu has formed an indissoluble bond with Jia's family, and has successively entered the main house, becoming a witness to the rise and fall of Jia's family. Lian's name was taken by grandma Liu, who praised her at that time: "She will live a long life. When you get older, everyone will get married, or there will be things that don't follow your heart for a while; It is inevitable that you will become lucky when you encounter difficulties, but it is from this word' Qiao'. " Judging from the content of this song, when she was pushed into a fire pit by her uncle and others (probably sold to a brothel), Grandma Liu saved her and made her "lucky".

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A Study of Judgments in A Dream of Red Mansions

A difficult guest

Temperament is like orchid, talent is better than fairy. There is little natural loneliness. Your way is to encourage the smell of meat, and think that it is vulgar to continue the frontier. But I don't know that people who are too tall are more likely to be jealous. They are too clean to share the suspicion. Alas, the people in the ancient temple of Deng Qing are getting old; I failed. The pink floor is full of spring colors. In the end, I'm ashamed and go against your wishes. In that way, the flawless white jade was stuck in the mud; What's the need? The son of Taizi has no reason to sigh.

Poetry appreciation

This song is about Miaoyu.

The world is hard to tolerate, that is, it is not tolerated by society.

Miaoyu is an outstanding talented woman who knows everything about poetry, calligraphy, piano, chess and calligraphy. On one occasion, Xiangyun and Dai Yu admired the moon and wrote poems, so they respectfully asked Miaoyu for advice. Daiyu also called Miaoyu "Poet Fairy". You should know which one Daiyu doesn't compliment easily. She is a neat freak. She wants to wash the place where Granny Liu stood with water, and forbid her to send water to the small intestine and step into the temple gate. It seems a little unreasonable. However, considering her background and circumstances, this character is understandable. She was born in an official family, extremely intelligent, and isolated from the world since childhood. Who can understand her pain? She happens to live in the Grand View Garden, and all the aristocratic ladies around her age are living a comfortable life, while she is clearly guarding the ancient Buddha of Deng Qing, knocking on the wooden fish and chanting, and meditating like a mummy. To know that she is only a teenage girl, how cruel "fate" is! If Jia's daughters have a sweet life to remember in the future, Miao won't even have this little comfort, and it will be painful to the end. The last sentence understands "Prince and grandson" as Baoyu because Miaoyu has subtle feelings for Baoyu, and Baoyu respects her very much. But judging from the composition of songs, it is better to understand them as a general term. Such a talented little nun is naturally the envy of those children.

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A Study of Judgments in A Dream of Red Mansions

Boneless

Sail for 3,000 days, and join the family of flesh and blood. Afraid that crying would ruin my old age, I told my parents: Leave it alone. Poverty has been fixed since ancient times, and there is no chance of clutch! From now on, we will be divided into two places, each keeping safe. I want it back, don't get involved.

Poetry appreciation

This song is about tanchun.

Kinship refers to the relationship between parents and children. "separation of flesh and blood" means that children are separated from their parents forever.

Buddhism believes that life has "eight sufferings", one of which is "love to leave", that is, having to leave my dear person. Tanchun's ending is not the worst among the sisters, but she suffers from the pain of never seeing her relatives again. With Tanchun's appearance and talent, although she is an "unmarried woman", if her family is well-off, she will not be allowed to marry far away. Her long-term marriage must be due to some inevitable reasons (different from Gao E's sequel) when her family declined. Tanchun herself is not particularly sad about her long marriage. Judging from the farewell words of this song before leaving, it is open-minded, open-minded and open-minded. This has something to do with her personality. She is strong and decisive, quite manly. At the same time, she also has her own observation and judgment on Jia's corrupt family. Seventy-five times, she said, "We are a family of flesh and blood, unlike black-eyed chickens." ? I hope you eat me, I eat you! "In" The swindler raided the Grand View Garden ",she said:" We can see that if such a big family is killed from the outside, it will not be killed for a while. This is what the ancients once said,' A hundred-legged worm will die if it is not stiff'; You have to kill yourself from home to be defeated! "See clearly enough. This is Tanchun's grief and indignation, and it is also the author's grief and indignation.

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A Study of Judgments in A Dream of Red Mansions

Eyebrows are white

One is Xian Fanpa in Yuen Long, and the other is Mei Yu's unreasonable behavior. If there is no strange fate, I will meet him again in this life; If you say there is a strange fate, how does your mind eventually become empty? One speaks in vain, and the other cares nothing; One is the moon in the water, and the other is the flower in the mirror. How many tears can you have in your eyes? How does autumn flow to the end of winter and spring flow to summer?

Poetry appreciation

This song is dedicated to Baoyu and Daiyu.

"White frown" means white frown, and fate is so ruthless. Regret, pain, sigh and regret are all useless.

What the monk said to the stubborn stone is "a fly in the ointment, many good things grind", which is of great significance. The disillusionment of Baodai's love is a footnote. One is a stunning beauty, and the other is a charming teenager; One is extremely smart and the other is well-read; One has no intention of fame and fortune, and the other never talks about "career economy". She cries and sighs for him all day, and he cares about her all day; She only has him in her heart, and he only has her in his heart-isn't this a match made in heaven? However, in a cage like Rong Guofu, their love has been suppressed. Zhang Sheng can also jump over the white wall to have a tryst with Yingying, and Du Liniang can also marry Liu Mengmei in her dream. Baoyu and Daiyu finally had no luck. Feudal morality is a dogma in aristocratic families, which stifles all human nature. "Parents' orders, matchmakers' words" and the decline of Jia family finally cut off their fate. Daiyu, a sentimental girl, withered like tender grass under the weight of "wind knife and frost sword" The process of her love with Baoyu was always accompanied by pain and trouble, and finally became a dream. Fate played a big joke on them. This love tragedy with blood and tears not only makes the author "scream" for it, but also remains an endless topic for people to talk about 200 years later.

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A Study of Judgments in A Dream of Red Mansions

The bird dived into the forest.

For the official, the family business withers; Wealth, gold and silver; If you are kind, you will survive; Ruthless, retribution is clear; Those who owe their lives have paid their lives, and their lives have also been paid; Those who owe tears have exhausted their tears. Revenge is not light, and it's all settled. If you want to know about past lives, you are really lucky to be rich when you are old. He who sees through escapes into an empty net; Obsessed, lost his life in vain. Just like eating all the birds and throwing them into the forest, the land is so clean.

Poetry appreciation

This is the ending song of A Dream of Red Mansions.

"Every bird is thrown into the forest" is another way of saying that "every family member is dead", which is synonymous with "the tree fell apart".

This ending song is a summary of the fate of feudal nobles represented by Jia family, and it can also be said to be a theme song with simple dialectical thought.

Throughout his life, the author has changed from a "sweet and fat" aristocratic child to a "porridge for the whole family" pioneer scholar. He saw that the feudal society was full of contradictions and struggles everywhere, and everything was moving, producing and disappearing. This objective dialectics is imprinted in the author's mind, forming his simple dialectical view. In chapter 13, the author said by Qin Keqing: "As the saying goes,' When the moon is full, it will be deficient, and when the water is full, it will overflow' and' If it is too much, it will be too late'. Since ancient times, human resources cannot be protected." That is to say, "extremes meet", where there is a beginning, there will be an end, and there will be a decline. This objective law is irresistible to anyone. This song "Birds Cast into the Forest" is tantamount to declaring that everything desperately pursued and maintained by the feudal ruling class is doomed to perish. According to his simple dialectical thought, Cao Xueqin faithfully described the social life inside and outside the Grand View Garden. As he claimed, "ups and downs will follow, and we dare not make a slight breakthrough." Therefore, the ups and downs of aristocratic families reflected in A Dream of Red Mansions always conform to historical dialectics. The author wrote their "extreme prosperity" just to compare their "extreme decline"; Writing their "magnificent" is precisely to set off their "fireworks". In the last 40 chapters of Gao E's sequel, it was about the Jia family, and finally "Mu Tiansi", "Yan Shize" and "Gui Lan Qi Fang" arranged a happy ending, which violated Cao Xueqin's original intention. The ending of Cao Xueqin's design is "I am extremely happy and sad, but people will not change" and "the tree falls apart". According to the author's simple dialectical point of view, Guo Rong Mansion is not always "brilliant", but will be brilliant and wither, and wither miserably; Ningguofu will not be "peaceful" forever, and there will be danger if there is peace. "One day this family will be destroyed. According to some plots written by Cao Xueqin after 1980, which were revealed in Zhi Yanzhai's comment on writing, after the downfall of Jia family, the Grand View Garden, once a "golden window and jade sill" and a "dead gem", will become a desolate and decadent scene. Baoyu and Baochai, who were driven out of the Grand View Garden, lived a hard life of "choking people in cold winter and breaking carpets in snowy nights"; Xifeng Wang will have a sad end of "being a little far away" and "looking back painfully"; Cherish the spring with the door, "begging"; Jia She and Jia Zhen will be dismissed from office, shackled, beheaded or exiled. This is the case with the Jia family, and so are the three families associated with it: Shi, Wang and Xue. When they are in power, they "support each other", and when they lose, they will perish together. They all turned to their opposites. The song "The Woodbirds" is a vivid description of their fate.

After all, Cao Xueqin was a writer born in a feudal aristocratic family more than 200 years ago. There are profound contradictions in his world outlook: he is full of disgust and indignation at the aristocratic class from which he came, but he is inextricably linked with this class; He clearly saw that this class did not deserve a better fate, but he did not know who was the master of history. He sharply exposed and criticized the corruption in feudal society, but did not put forward any political thought beyond feudalism. He saw the development and change of social phenomenon, but only regarded it as a simple cycle. For example, it is wrong to think that "honor and disgrace have existed since ancient times". All these reflect the historical limitations and class limitations of Cao Xueqin, as well as the limitations of his simple dialectical thought.

In A Dream of Red Mansions and China Culture, Mr. Zhou has an assertion that this piece is one of the three main lines of A Dream of Red Mansions. The original excerpt is as follows:

..... This third big line is "people scattered". Although the separation of people is associated with the death of family, it has become a self-contained fragment, as mentioned above. At the end of their dream with Xifeng, they said two seven-character poems-they can also write poems! Isn't that weird? It should be noted that the so-called "people with both good and evil" are mostly poets. This is a special topic and should be discussed in a special article. Now I only say that Ke Qing finally said: "After the third spring, the fragrance is exhausted, and each has its own door." The person who signed "Meixi" was approved here: "Don't finish reading it. I want to cry when I see these two sentences. " It can be seen that the dividing line of this man is the last game in the book-that is, the ending, so it constitutes a big latitude and longitude alone.

There are several meanings of "three spring fragrance". One is literal; Three spring (Meng, Zhong, Ji, that is, "90 Spring Day") has passed, and all flowers are withered. Second, "Three Springs" refers to the three important Lantern Festival described in the book-the eighteenth visit to the motherland, the fifty-fourth banquet, and a Lantern Festival after the 1980s (about the great changes). Third, "Three Springs" also refers to Jia sisters. Yuan, Ying, Tan, and above all, are the beginning of the total collapse of human beings. These two poems sum up the general trend. Of course, we still want to know the details. I thought it would be another piece of music to stay for the meeting-that is, the last branch of the fifth part of A Dream of Red Mansions, the thrilling song "Hundred Birds Throw into the Forest";

For officials, family businesses are shrinking. Rich. All the gold and silver are gone. Good, close to death. Ruthless and clear retribution. Those who owe their lives have been rewarded. Those who owe tears have exhausted their tears. Answer blows with blows is not light. Separation and polymerization are predetermined. If you want to know your life, ask past lives. Being old and rich is lucky. He who sees through escapes into an empty net. Obsessed, lost his life in vain. -It's like eating all the birds and throwing them into the forest. It's so clean, it's almost white.

The word "birds in the forest" alone has exhausted the meaning of "people scattered". This piece of music is as big as a rafter and its tone is sad. It sums up the whole book, I say it's the ending, and the ending of the whole book is "people are scattered." Probably not my momentary illusion!

This extremely important piece of music is a key to the study of lost and structural science and a guide to this project. Studying it deeply and truly will be a great contribution of A Dream of Red Mansions. But I personally haven't been able to do it yet. There are only some fragmentary views for reference.

This song should be a sneak peek at every sentence, right? Things. For example, "I survived because I helped Liu, so I was lucky enough to meet a benefactor." Another example is that "those who owe tears have done their tears", and everyone can call it green Daiyu. It is in these two cases that their song style is indeed well known and incomparable with ours. According to this style, you can try to find out the following points:

Officially, the family business is dying.

Rich, gold and silver are gone ┛-two's words sum up "family destruction"

If you are kind, you will survive-Qiaojie

Ruthless retribution-Baochai and Miaoyu

If you owe your life, your life has come back-Yuan Chun

He who owes tears has exhausted his tears-Dai Yu.

It's not light to repay wrongs-Spring Festival

Separation and aggregation are certain-Tan Chun and Xiangyun.

To know your destiny, ask your former life-Xifeng.

It is lucky to be old and rich-Li Wan

He who sees through and escapes into an empty net-Xi Chun.

Idiot, wasting his life-Qin Keqing.

The above twelve sentences were originally thought to be about twelve women, but the first two sentences were not about women, and the fat criticism here has the meaning of generalization (in fact, it should be Jia Wangshi and Xue Simen), so it can be seen that these two sentences begin with "family death", and the following is the attribution of each sentence. Because there are only ten sentences left, and "separation" is obviously a combination of the two, which makes me understand that the other sentence should also be a combination of two people, so when I was looking for this possibility, I found that "he who sees through and escapes into an empty net" may also include Miao Yu and Xi Chun. However, it is more appropriate to mention Xichun in the end. Gaimiaoyu became a monk, but when she was young, she became ill and gave her life for her parents. It was not because he "saw through him" that he entered the park in Beijing because he avoided the difficulties of power and the enemy. So I still mean Xichun. He and Baochai are wonderful together. The reason is that the word "retribution" cannot be forgotten. Baochai is "heartless", which is clearly explained in the book (the sanhua she painted is "heartless and moving", which is proof. ), this is the tenon.

It should be noted that there are also the fragments of Yuan Chun, Xifeng and Yingchun, which are also the objects of discussion because of their controversial contents. I transferred Xifeng to the sentence of "short life" on the grounds that there is a clear hint in the book. Yuan Chun died unexpectedly, but was forced to die because of political changes (there are hints in the book, such as Yang Guifei), so he was called "owing life". Why did Yingchun fall under "revenge"? This well does not refer to the innocent girl herself, but her father Jia She, who has behaved badly, is greedy for money and lustful, and harms people's lives. As Professor Jiang Liangfu saw, Jia She's failure was caused by Jia She's crime. He killed two people. I thought these two murders were all women, the first one was Yuanyang, which will be explained in detail later. Another woman's life, of course, is also because of his greed for sex, which led to the death of Anonymous. So revenge means that he killed his daughter, and Sun Shaozu also killed his daughter, which is Wen Qu's original intention.

The above inferences are all appropriate if you dare not look at them, but you can also see the overall situation. Leaving People is the theme and ending of Twelve Women in Jinling. Of course, the reality of "human separation" is much richer than that of twelve women, and the girls with two rooms and one garden are all here, which is a big conclusion of this book. This section is not very detailed.

Mr. Yu Pingbo also has a passage about this tune in Debate on a Dream of Red Mansions, which is extracted as follows:

..... "Twelve Hairpins" is the summary of the ending; But it should be noted that every sentence is divided into a person, not a general noun. In addition to' very similar', the following two readers summarize the words of this book, and the other twelve sentences assign twelve women. I'll make a list for you. Do you think this is true? (The list is arranged in the original order. )

Being an official, the family business is dying-Xiangyun

Rich, gold and silver are gone-Baochai

If you are kind, you will survive-Qiaojie

Wonderful jade-the retribution of heartlessness.

If you owe your life, your life has been returned-Yingchun.

He who owes tears has exhausted his tears-Dai Yu.

Revenge is not light-Ke Qing

Separation and polymerization are certain-Tanchun

Yuan Chun wants to know his fate and asks about his past life.

It is lucky to be old and rich-Li Wan

He who sees through and escapes into an empty net-Xi Chun.

A stupid story sacrificed a person's life for nothing-Xifeng

This distribution seems to be correct. But I am very disappointed, because we really want to know the ending of Baochai and Xiangyun, but here we give them these two words, forget it. However, it is not easy to speak every sentence fluently. When we usually read books, we always feel that he is doing it in one go, and that this is a patchwork of clothes! "

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A Study of Judgments in A Dream of Red Mansions

Wanhuashao

Kindness in the mirror is more worthy of fame in the dream! That beautiful youth went to He Xun! Don't mention the embroidery account again. Only this beaded crown and cloak coat can't resist impermanence. Although it is, life should not suffer from old age and poverty, but also need to accumulate children and grandchildren. In high spirits, wearing a bucket tassel, hanging a golden seal on his chest, the majestic Jue Deng-faint and sad near the yellow road. Can ancient generals still exist? Just an empty name and respect for future generations.

Poetry appreciation

This song is for Li Wan.

"Youth dying" means glory in old age.

Li Wan was born in a bureaucratic family, and her father, Li Shouzhong, offered wine to the park supervisor (similar to the president of the national aristocratic children's university). Her father taught her to read "Biography of Women" and other books since childhood, and she became a typical lady under the influence of feudal ethics. Widowed when she was young, she can