Because foreign things disturb the mind, so that virtue is gone. You can get tired of playing with things.

2, everyone knows the useful use, but they don't know the useless use. Human life

People all know the useful use, but they don't know the greater use of the useless.

3, if the shape is awkward, if the heart wants to die, I really know that I can't help myself.

My body is like a skeleton, and my heart is like a walking corpse. Really pure knowledge, not rigidly adhere to the old concept.

4, one foot, half a day, inexhaustible. Zhuangzi tianxia

A foot-long whip and stick can never be cut in half every day. Matter can be divided infinitely.

My life is limited, but so is my knowledge. Zhuangzi health master

Human life is limited, but knowledge is infinite. Put your limited life into infinite learning.

6. The friendship between gentlemen is indifferent, but the friendship between villains is sincere. Zhuangzi mountain forest

A friendship between gentlemen is as light as water, but a friendship between villains seems as sweet as wine. True friends don't talk about benefits.

7. The grief in a husband's heart is greater than death, and the death of a person is the second. Zhuangzi Tianzifang

The biggest sorrow is that the mind dies and the spirit dies, and the death of the body is secondary. People should have some spirit.

8. Therefore, the husband is indifferent to loneliness, doing nothing and not doing it. This world is peaceful and the quality of virtue is also good. deliberate

Therefore, indifference, loneliness, nothingness and inaction are the origin of heaven and earth and the highest realm of moral cultivation.

9, sadness and joy, the evil of virtue; Those who become angry from embarrassment go too far; Likes and dislikes are lost in the heart. deliberate

Translation: Sorrow and joy will make virtue detour; Don't forget emotions, take Tao as wrong; If you fall into likes and dislikes, you will lose your morality)

10, name also, phase rolling also; Know is also a competitor. Two kinds of weapons, not so good. Human life

Translation: Names are the cause of conflict; Wisdom is a means of fighting each other. Both are murder weapons, which can't be used up.

1 1, the cold came, and the frost and snow fell, only then did we know that the pines and cypresses were flourishing. Zhuangzi Qin Wang

The cold season is coming, and frost and snow are coming. At this time, the luxuriance of pine and cypress can be better displayed. "Pine and cypress" means that a gentleman is noble in character.

12, Yangzi said: "Disciple remember it, and go on a trip to a saint, and don't love it!" Mountain forest

Yang Zhu said, "Remember, disciples, if you are virtuous and can get rid of self-righteous thoughts, how can you not be loved?" )

13, the phase is no phase, and the phase is no phase. Zhuangzi. Chess master

Make friends with each other if you don't make friends, and do something with each other if you don't do anything. Make friends out of carelessness, help others out of inaction. This is "a close friend who never leaves."

14, my husband will be white in a few days and black in a few days. Tian Yun, Zhuangzi

Swan doesn't bathe every day, but its feathers are white; Crows don't bask in the sun every day, but their feathers are black. Everything comes from nature and cannot be forcibly changed.

15, the yellow emperor said: "... Tao can't be caused, and virtue can't be achieved. Benevolence can be done, righteousness can be lost, and ceremony is false. " Understand the north tour

Tao is unattainable, and morality is unattainable. Benevolence can be done, righteousness can be spurned, and courtesy can be bullied.

16, life between heaven and earth, if fleeting, suddenly. Zhuangzi North Tour

Life between heaven and earth is like seeing a white horse flying by through a gap, but it is only a moment. This is where the idiom "blink of an eye" comes from. Life is fast, don't waste it.

17, everyone values profit, honest people value names, sages value ambition, and sages value essence. deliberate

Most people value profit, honest people value reputation, sages and gentlemen value ambition, and sages value spirit.

18, a man of virtue can't do it, he's exhausted; Clothes are not easy to wear, so is poverty, and I am not exhausted. This so-called no pain. mountain forest

Translation: people with lofty ideals are tired if they have morality and can't implement it; Ragged clothes and worn shoes are poverty, not fatigue. This is the so-called failure to meet good times.

19, my husband is confused and changeable. Zhuangzi Qing thumb

A little confusion will make people go astray, and a big confusion will make people lose their nature. It shows that pure human nature is human nature, while benevolence and righteousness are not only inhuman, but also harmful in troubled times.

20. Hirako said, "... now you use knowledge decoration to scare fools, make yourself clean and clear, and leave people when the sun and moon are exposed." ..... "Sheng Da"

Now you decorate your wisdom to awaken ignorance, and cultivate yourself to show others' despicable and dazzling appearance, just like walking with the sun and the moon.

2 1, doing nothing, using the world more than enough; If you do something, you will be used by the world and not enough. Zhuangzi Heaven.

If you do nothing, you can make use of the world and feel more leisure; If you have a bright future, you will be used by the world and feel urgent. Explain the rule of inaction with nothingness, nature and inaction.

22, refers to the poor as a salary, fire spread, I do not know what to do. Zhuangzi health master

The grease is burned out, but the fire can't spread. This sentence uses salary metaphor and fire metaphor for spirit. When the salary is exhausted, it means that although the body is dead, the spirit will last forever. Later, it was said that "passing on from generation to generation" was a metaphor for the master and apprentice who passed on the scholarship.

23, fire fighting, water saving, many benefits. Zhuangzi, the world.

Putting out fire with fire and saving water with water will not only fail to get things done, but will aggravate Wei Jun's fault. Explain a way of life under the guise of Confucius teaching Yan Hui. The idiom "put out fire with fire" and "save water with water" came from here.

24, and husband (1) water product is not thick, the negative boat is weak. Zhuangzi Xiaoyao Tour

If the water is neither deep nor thick, then it has no power to load the ship. From the relationship between the ship and the water, we can at least get the following enlightenment: to ask questions in universities and to do great things, we must lay a solid and profound foundation.

25, the dutiful son does not flatter the pro, the loyal minister does not flatter the gentleman, and the courtiers are also prosperous. Zhuangzi Tiandi

A dutiful son does not flatter his parents, and a virtuous minister does not flatter him. This is the highest state of being a filial minister and son. Sigh that secular flattery is common, sigh that the world is confused and hopeless, and call for a true dutiful son and good minister.

26. For those who have no self, God is useless, and saints are nameless. Free walk

Translation: until people lost the opposition and difference between things and me, there was no more "I", and God listened to nature and completely abandoned the concept of "achievement"; The sage is considerate and completely abandons the bondage of "name". Great people are not burdened by ego, achievement and fame.

27. It goes without saying that there is great beauty in heaven and earth. There is a clear law at four o'clock without discussion, and it is reasonable to say nothing. Sage, the original beauty of heaven and earth, the principle of everything.

Translation: the virtue of heaven and earth is the greatest, so don't talk about it. There are clear rules. Don't say anything at any time. Everything has a reason and you don't understand it. Sages explore the virtues of heaven and earth, and understand the principles of the creation of all things.

28. Little knowledge is not as good as great knowledge, and small years are not as good as big years. Free walk

Translation: those who have little knowledge don't understand, those who have a short life don't understand, and those who have a long life don't understand. "Auricularia auricula in the morning doesn't know fate, and cockroaches don't know spring and autumn." Fungi born in the morning, insects born in summer and dead in autumn are difficult to experience and know more because of their short life span.

29. Those who are satisfied are not tired, those who are complacent are not afraid of losing, and those who practice internally are not worried. Zhuangzi Qin Wang

A contented person will not run around and work hard for the benefit; People who know how to enjoy themselves will not worry about losing anything; People who pay attention to inner moral cultivation are not ashamed of being an official and being light. Contentment is always happy, and if you don't go to fame, you will be detached.

30. Hey, "When you die, there is no gentleman in the world and no minister in the world; There are no so-called four seasons. Since heaven and earth are in the Spring and Autumn Period, although Wang Le is in the south, we can't cross it. " The greatest happiness

The skeleton said, "The deceased had no monarch, no minister and no work all the year round. They can freely coexist with heaven and earth, and even if the south is king, they cannot surpass it. "

3 1, I wonder if Zhou's dream is a harmony, and if Zhou's dream is a harmony? Zhuangzi's Homogeneous Matter Theory

I wonder if Zhuang Zhou became a butterfly in my dream, or if the butterfly became Zhuang Zhou in my dream? Zhuangzi said that dreams and sleep are no different, they are both materialized phenomena of Tao. Therefore, in order to unify the theory of the same thing, we must first get rid of the concept of ego and confuse it with everything.

32. Confucius said: "... when Yao Shun was in power, there were endless people in the world and they didn't know it; When you rebel, there is no one in the world, and you don't know what you will lose; The times are right. "autumn waters

In the Yao and Shun era, there were no poor people in the world, not because they were wise; In the era of rebellion, there are no enlightened people in the world, not because they have no wisdom, but because of luck.

33. Great knowledge is idle, while small knowledge is intermittent; Big words are hot, small words are Zhan. Zhuangzi's Homogeneous Matter Theory

The cleverest people always show an open-minded attitude; Small and talented people always haggle over every ounce. The words that conform to the avenue are like a prairie fire, which is both beautiful and grand and convincing. Those clever remarks are all trivial nonsense.

Although I can't cure the disease, I hope I won't be more embarrassed and replaced. -"Zhuangzi Xiaoyao Tour"

Although the chef does not make sacrifices, the emcee who presides over the sacrifices will not do it instead of the chef. This means that although man has not done his duty, the corpse hopes to act on his behalf without exceeding his authority to sacrifice to the gods. It shows Zhuangzi's thought of governing by doing nothing, from which the idiom "meddling" comes.

35. It goes without saying that there is great beauty in heaven and earth. There is a clear law at four o'clock without discussion, and it is reasonable to say nothing. Zhuangzi zhibei tour

Heaven and earth have great nature and great merits, but they don't talk; The four seasons have clear laws, but they don't talk; Everything has a natural reason, I don't understand. Everything should follow the law of the development of things.

36. If you enter the room without thickness, there will be room for recovery. Zhuangzi health master

There is a gap between thick accumulation and thin hair, so it is still generous and has room for operation. It is the core of Zhuangzi's health preserving theory. At the same time, it shows that we should understand the laws of nature and act according to them. The idioms "I can't see the whole cow" and "I can handle it" both come from here.

37. Smelly rot becomes magic, and magic becomes smelly rot. So it says, "It speaks to the whole world." Zhuangzi zhibei tour

People regard what they like as magic, and what they don't like as stench; However, bad smell can turn magic, and magic can also turn bad smell. So "the whole world is just a kind of qi." Opposing things can be transformed into each other. This is the origin of the idiom "turning decay into magic".

38. Although the tibia is short, it will be worrying to continue; Although the crane's shin is long, it is sad to break. Zhuangzi's thumb.

Although the legs of wild ducks are short, they will hurt when they are connected to one section; Although the crane's leg is long, it would be sad to cut it off for him. Explain that strong thinking will inevitably lead to misfortune and pain. The idiom "the crane is long and the crane is short" and "the crane continues to be long and short" all come from here.

39, you don't know mantis husband? Angry that his arm is rutted, I wonder if he is incompetent, which is also the beauty of his talent. Zhuangzi, the world.

Don't you know mantis? Waving its two broadsword arms, trying to stop the rolling wheels. It doesn't know that its strength is incompetent at all, but it thinks that its ability is very strong. The allusion to the idiom "gladiator's arm is a car" comes from this and is used to describe overreaching.

40.i don't know? People call me Zhu Yu. Zhihu? Worried about my health. If you are unkind, you will harm others; Ren, then worry about me. If you are unjust, you will hurt others; Righteousness, then worry about yourself. Gengsangchu

Translation: Don't you know? People say I'm stupid. Do you know that?/You know what? It hurts my body. If you can't be kind, you will hurt others; To be kind, it hurts yourself; If you do not uphold justice, you will hurt others; Doing righteousness harms oneself.

4 1, Tsuen Wan, so fish, fish and forget Tsuen Wan; Hooves are such in rabbits, he got rabbits but forgot hooves; The speaker was so concerned that he forgot his words proudly. I have an Andrew who forgot his words. Talk to him! Foreign things

Bamboo cages are used for fishing. When you catch fish, you forget the bamboo cage. Rabbit nets are used to catch rabbits. If you catch rabbits, you forget the rabbit nets. Language is used to express ideology. If you master ideology, you will forget language. Where can I find someone who has forgotten the language to chat with? )

42. What is Tao? There is heaven and human nature. Those who do nothing and respect, heaven also; It is human nature to be tired of doing one thing. Master, heaven also; Minister, humanity also. Heaven is far from human nature and must not be ignored. Zaiqi

What is Tao? There is heaven and human nature. Doing nothing is expensive; It is human nature to be tired of doing something. In the dominant position, it is the sky; It is human nature that is subordinate to the subordinate position. Heaven is far from human nature, and we can't ignore it.

43, spring drought, fish on land, phase? It's better to forget the Jianghu than get wet. Master Zhuangzi.

After a long drought without rain, the river dried up. Many fish are trapped on the beach in the river. They cling to each other closely, and spit in their mouths to nourish their bodies and delay their lives. When the heavy rain comes, it is better to forget each other. The metaphor here is that the world should forget life and death and swim in the land of avenues. The idiom "caring for each other" is also called "caring for each other".

44. If there are machines, there are organic things, and if there are organic people, there are organic hearts. If the machine is in the chest, then pure white is not prepared, and if pure white is not prepared, then god is uncertain; God is uncertain, and Tao does not contain it. Zhuangzi Tiandi

Translation: with machinery, there will be smart things; With cleverness, there will be cleverness; The clever heart in the chest will destroy the quality of pure white. Without pure white quality, people will be uneasy, and those who are uneasy will be abandoned by Tao. Utilitarianism and ingenuity are really bad things that do harm to people.

45. Although the world is big, its transformation is also unified; Although there are many things, cure one; Although there are many people, their master also. Jun was born in virtue, so the mysterious and ancient monarch is in the world, ruling by doing nothing, and heaven is only virtue. Heaven and earth

Translation: Although the heavens and the earth are vast, their changes according to their own movements are the same; Although there are many things, their self-satisfaction is the same; Although there are many people, their master is only a monarch. The monarch is based on morality, doing nothing and following the heaven. Therefore, the ancient king ruled the world, governing by doing nothing and conforming to the nature of heaven.

46. I was asked about this in the market, and it went from bad to worse. Zhuangzi North Tour

A famous city official asked the butcher about the way to check the fat of big pigs. The butcher said that the more you step on your calf, the more you understand. Avenue is everywhere. The more you push from the humble place, the more you can see the true situation of Tao. "Deterioration" has been misinterpreted as "deterioration" since the Song Dynasty. Zhang's Miscellaneous Notes on Lonely Tong, published in Jiayin Weekly, was also misused and ridiculed by Lu Xun. Now it is often said that the situation is getting worse.

47. Paid by the public, say, "chop and change." All the snipers are angry. He said, "However, it is always hot and cold." Everyone is very happy. Zhuangzi. Homogeneous object theory

An old man who keeps monkeys gave them acorns and said to them, "I'll give you three liters in the morning and four liters at night, okay?" The monkeys are very angry. The old man said, "then four liters in the morning and three liters at night!" " "The monkeys are very happy. Zhuangzi described it as "not worthy of the name". Those who fail to reach the Tao cannot forget right and wrong. The idiom "chop and change" comes from this, meaning capricious.

48, the mountain wood is also self-defeating, the cream is self-fried, and Guangxi is edible, so it is cut; Paint can be used, so cut it. Everyone knows what is useful, but not what is useless. Zhuangzi, the world.

Trees growing on the mountain are cut down because of natural needs, and resin is burned because of lighting, so osmanthus trees can be eaten, so they are cut down; Paint can be used, so it is peeling. Everyone knows the useful use, but they don't know the useless use. Useful and promising will be harmful, and useless and inaction will be blessed. This paper expounds the "useless use", which is often ignored, and contains simple dialectics.

49, so the fish, the fish and give up; Hooves are such in rabbits, he got rabbits but forgot hooves; The speaker was so concerned that he forgot his words proudly. Foreign things in Zhuangzi

Bamboo cages are used for fishing. Some people catch fish but forget the bamboo cage. Rabbit nets are used to catch rabbits. Some people catch rabbits but forget the rabbit net. Language is used to express ideas. Some people understand ideas, but forget the language. Take fish and rabbits as metaphor and Yan Yu as hoof. It is emphasized that getting rabbits from fish is the goal, and hooves and hooves are only the means to achieve the goal, which vividly illustrates the rationality of "getting carried away". The idiom "forget the fish" comes from this.

50. Things are just like this, and things are just like this; You can't see yourself, but you know yourself. So: he is right, and he is right. Zhuangzi's Homogeneous Matter Theory

Everything in the world has a negative side, and there is a negative side. What you can't understand from the other side can be understood from this side. So, for this reason, it is inseparable from him. That is, two sides of things, no one can live without anyone. It reveals the law of the unity of opposites in the development of things and denies metaphysics and absolutism. This is 2400 years earlier than the German physicist Einstein founded the theory of relativity.