There are more than 654.38+million elderly people over 65 in Britain, accounting for 654.38+08% of the total population of China, and there are also 3.7 million elderly people over 75. The average life expectancy of British people has increased to 7 1 year for men and 77 years for women. Nowadays, there have been some "cities for the aged" in Britain, such as Baker Hill, Hastings and Eastburn. These holiday cities are picturesque, and retired people have moved in to spend their old age. The urban elderly population has accounted for 20 ~ 50%. Facing more and more elderly people, how does Britain solve their pension problem? Since the 1990s, Britain has brought the issue of providing for the aged into the community and adopted the community-based pension model.
The main contents of community nursing include:
First, life care (diet care, cleaning, shopping, etc. Life care can be divided into four forms: family service, home care, apartments for the elderly and nurseries.
Second, material support (providing food, installing facilities, reducing taxes, etc. ). For example, local people or volunteers organize hot meals by car, install handrails in stairs, bathrooms, toilets and other places, set up stepless passages, electrical appliances, heating equipment and other facilities, and transform kitchens and doors.
Third, psychological support (treatment, nursing, teaching health, etc. ). For example, health care doctors treat the elderly free of prescription fees; Health workers come to the door to teach the elderly health care methods such as keeping warm, preventing paralysis, nutrition and helping the elderly to prevent diseases. In addition, it also provides special services for the elderly in terms of vision, hearing, teeth and spirit.
Fourth, overall care (improving the living environment and mobilizing the support of surrounding resources, etc.). For example, a community activity center with comprehensive service function funded by Britain provides an entertainment and social place for the elderly. The center regularly picks up elderly people with mobility difficulties. At the same time, in order to help the elderly get rid of loneliness, promote mental health and appropriately increase their income, the community provides an hourly place for the elderly-the elderly studio.
Compared with traditional home care and centralized institutional care, community care has great advantages. It combines the advantages of traditional home care and centralized institutional care, which is more in line with the principle of humanization and pays more attention to the psychological and emotional care of the elderly, so that the elderly can live a normal life and improve their quality of life.