Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical Papers 1 Prevention and Treatment of Obstetrics and Gynecology Diseases
Obstetric and gynecological diseases are common and frequently-occurring diseases, which seriously threaten women's physical and mental health. With the continuous improvement of medical technology and medical level, all kinds of advanced science and technology have been introduced into the prevention and treatment of gynecological diseases. In this paper, the author will talk about his own views on the prevention and treatment of several common gynecological diseases according to his own work experience.
Gynecological diseases; Prevention and treatment
The incidence of gynecological diseases in China is quite high. All kinds of serious gynecological diseases not only harm women themselves, but also affect family harmony, which is related to the quality and health of two generations and the quality of China population. On the other hand, the hidden secrets of the body have greatly reduced the quality of life of many female friends, causing serious psychological barriers and increasing family and social instability. Not only should we create an effective treatment environment for women, but more importantly, we should strengthen their health awareness and carry out in-depth and extensive health knowledge education. Regular gynecological examination, timely detection and timely treatment of gynecological diseases.
1 Prevention and treatment of prenatal depression
According to statistics, about 20% pregnant women suffer from different degrees of prenatal depression, which shows that it is of great significance to do a good job in the prevention and treatment of prenatal depression. Because patients with prenatal depression will not only have serious physical and psychological discomfort, but also affect the healthy growth of the fetus. Therefore, in order to maintain the physical and mental health of pregnant women, as medical workers, we should seriously study and analyze the causes of pregnancy-induced depression, and explore the development law of its condition in combination with clinical practice. On this basis, we should formulate various preventive measures. At the same time, combined with the current knowledge of medical psychology, we should give positive psychological counseling to people who may get sick, correct patients' incorrect understanding of childbirth and various delivery methods, and avoid pregnant women from having pessimistic negative emotions in some incorrect guesses and speculations without medical basis. In addition, for some pregnant women with fear and nervousness, it is necessary to popularize relevant medical knowledge, so that they can fully understand and understand the safety and reliability of pregnancy and childbirth under the modern medical level. At the same time, some pregnant women and their families who are worried about the sex of the fetus should be patiently persuaded from a scientific point of view so that they can correctly treat the problem of having boys and girls. It is worth noting that when using various methods to prevent and treat prenatal depression of pregnant women, their physical and mental conditions should be fully considered, and psychological intervention activities should be carried out in a planned and step-by-step manner to avoid bringing pressure to patients.
Prevention and treatment of fat liquefaction in abdominal incision
The most common problem after caesarean section is that the fat in the incision is easy to liquefy. The main feature of fat liquefaction is that the dressing at the surgical incision turns yellow and there is liquid oozing out. Liquefaction of fat in surgical incision will not only lead to slow healing of incision, but also affect the recovery of subcutaneous tissue. When the incision fat liquefaction is serious, it will also cause the patient's incision skin to sink and condense light yellow fat drops. But it generally does not lead to incision necrosis, only accompanied by swelling and pain and tenderness. After sampling the wound exudate, it was found that the bacteria in it were negative. The prevention and treatment measures of this kind of gynecological diseases mainly include: once the patient's incision is found to have exudate, first check whether the surgical incision is infected, and take corresponding measures to prevent the invasion of infectious sources. Then squeeze the liquefied incision, the general frequency is 2 times /d, the liquefied fat should be discharged as much as possible during the extrusion process, and the wound should be covered with iodophor gauze after operation. For patients with severe liquefaction of incision, infrared physiotherapy can be appropriately added for auxiliary treatment, and the frequency is also 2 times/d. If yellow exudate is still produced in the incision after treatment, the suture at the incision should be removed in time, and the incision should be thoroughly washed with 9% normal saline, then pressure-bound, and anti-inflammatory antibiotics should be taken orally. If there is a large amount of exudate in the patient's incision, the dressing should be changed every day to clean the incision. After adopting the above method, if the incision leakage is still not well controlled, drainage should be adopted to completely discharge the leakage.
Prevention and treatment of intractable hemorrhage in obstetrics and gynecology
The so-called obstinate bleeding in obstetrics and gynecology refers to the symptoms that conventional treatment and control methods are ineffective in the case of postoperative bleeding. Generally speaking, the criterion for judging refractory massive hemorrhage is that the patient has a bleeding volume of >: 1500 mL or pudendal bleeding volume of >: 1000 mL. The consequences of this massive hemorrhage are very serious, which will not only endanger the health of the patient, but also induce various coagulation disorders, which will lead to the death of the patient in severe cases. Therefore, we should pay full attention to the prevention and treatment of refractory massive hemorrhage. In practice, we summarized the following effective treatment methods: First, artery ligation to stop bleeding. It reduces the intra-arterial pressure of patients and slows down the blood flow velocity in vivo by ligation, so as to achieve the purpose of making the blood flow velocity less than the thrombosis velocity, thus realizing the hemostasis of thrombus. Secondly, angiography combined with TAE therapy. That is, when the patient has refractory massive hemorrhage, angiography should be performed in time to understand the bleeding site, bleeding cause and bleeding range of the patient, and then TAE therapy should be used to stop the bleeding. The specific operation principle of TAE therapy is to intubate femoral artery in the bleeding area on the premise of knowing the location and scope of bleeding, so as to improve the adhesion phenomenon formed after operation and achieve the effect of hemostasis. The main application advantage of TAE therapy is painless, and it can be treated many times according to the bleeding situation of patients.
Prevention and treatment of gynecological malignant tumor
Gynecological malignant tumor is a very serious gynecological disease, which seriously endangers women's health and normal life. Moreover, the statistical results in recent years show that the incidence of the disease is on the rise, and the relevant departments must strengthen the prevention and treatment of gynecological malignant tumors. Conventional surgery and chemotherapy can effectively control the development of the disease, but there are also many disadvantages in treatment. The most obvious thing is that after long-term chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the overall health level and quality of life have dropped significantly. In addition, routine treatment will also damage the hematopoietic function of patients' bone marrow and endanger liver function. Therefore, although routine treatment has a good effect on controlling the disease, it is not the best way to treat gynecological malignant tumors. Based on the long-term practical experience, the author thinks that the comprehensive therapy of traditional Chinese medicine can alleviate the pain of patients and achieve better therapeutic effect.
5 conclusion
The National Gynecological Disease Prevention and Control Project aims at promoting the development of women's health in China, implementing the principles and policies of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on improving women's health level, reducing the incidence of gynecological diseases and keeping women away from gynecological diseases. Through a series of thematic activities such as health lectures, prize-winning essays, free surveys, health assistance, academic exchanges, and surgical assistance, we will provide professional medical security services for women, advocate scientific and standardized diagnosis and treatment of gynecological diseases, and strive to popularize women's health care knowledge throughout the country, making contributions to reducing the incidence of gynecological diseases in China, promoting family happiness, and building a harmonious society.
refer to
[1] Huang Xiangyuan. Psychological intervention for pregnant women [J]. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 20 10/0,5 (10): 767-768.
[2] Jin, Gu Meijiao, Fang Ling, et al. Interventional treatment of refractory postpartum hemorrhage [J]. China Journal of Practical Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2004,20 (6): 343-345.
Yang Xiuyu. Application of vascular interventional technique in obstetrics and gynecology [J]. Chinese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2002 (1): 6-7.
Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical Papers 2 Clinical Teaching Experience of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Abstract: Obstetrics and Gynecology is a compulsory and main course for medical students. The purpose of education is to train obstetricians with high comprehensive quality. Therefore, students should master the basic theoretical knowledge, skills and noble medical ethics of obstetrics and gynecology. This paper discusses some experiences on how to improve the clinical teaching effect of obstetrics and gynecology: ① Pay attention to the training and rational use of teachers. ② Moral education, medical ethics and humanistic spirit should be fully permeated in teaching. ③ Attach importance to the application of models and wall charts, and deepen students' understanding and memory of the teaching content with objects. ④ Make full use of modern teaching methods to increase the amount of information and knowledge. ⑤ Measures to avoid medical disputes. ⑥ Choose appropriate teaching methods and introduce the concept of evidence-based medicine into the clinical teaching of obstetrics and gynecology.
[Keywords:] Obstetrics and Gynecology; Clinical teaching; Learn from experience
Obstetrics and Gynecology is a compulsory main course for medical students [1], and its educational purpose is to cultivate students' ability to actively acquire knowledge and combine theory with practice on the basis of mastering the basic theoretical knowledge of obstetrics and gynecology. Clinical practice is a key link in training qualified doctors and an important part of clinical teaching. Its function is to let students get in touch with patients initially under the guidance of teachers, understand different common diseases and frequently-occurring diseases, master basic clinical skills skillfully through integrating theory with practice, understand the rules and regulations of hospitals, initially cultivate good medical ethics and lay a foundation for their work after graduation. Obstetrics and gynecology is an important practical link, which has caused certain difficulties to clinical teaching. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of clinical teaching, we should actively explore and improve teaching methods, strengthen the cultivation of creative thinking and ability of medical students, and cultivate qualified medical talents with solid clinical skills to meet the needs of medical services. The author talks about how to improve the clinical teaching effect of obstetrics and gynecology.
1 Pay attention to the cultivation and rational use of teachers.
Teaching teachers must have certain clinical work experience, undergo pre-job standardized training, master modern medical teaching methods, have good medical ethics and pass clinical teaching demonstration. Only through teachers' own behavior and formal demonstration can we cultivate students' rigorous scientific attitude and good medical ethics. Teaching teachers must be equipped with at least one senior teacher with rich clinical work and teaching experience, which can not only ensure the teaching quality, but also train young teachers through words and deeds.
2. Moral education, medical ethics and humanistic spirit should be fully permeated in teaching.
Obstetrics and Gynecology is a special clinical discipline, full of the concept of life. Medical ethics, medical ethics and health values are the focus of medical humanistic education, so humanistic resources should be integrated in teaching [2]. With the continuous development of modern medicine and the continuous progress of society, the requirements for doctors are far more than simple medical skills. Although medical skill is always the most basic requirement for a doctor, an excellent doctor should also have knowledge of psychology, sociology and even ethics. It was actually put forward by the British more than 200 years ago? Medical ethics? In this concept, a qualified doctor should have received formal medical ethics education. Before any operation and treatment, we should determine whether the scheme is the best for the patient and communicate with the patient as necessary, not just to solve the pain. The uterus means a lot to women. If women of childbearing age have no uterus and menstruation, they will subconsciously think that they are no longer a complete woman and will have inferiority complex, which will have an immeasurable impact on their family, life and work in the future. Therefore, obstetricians and gynecologists should try their best to preserve the patient's uterus when conditions permit, and try their best to preserve part of the patient's cervix when it is determined that the uterine body cannot be preserved. This can not only significantly improve the quality of patients' postoperative sexual life, but also have a little menstruation like normal women. Although the menstrual flow will be very small, it will be a great comfort to patients' psychology and fully reflect medical ethics and humanistic spirit.
Attach importance to the application of models, wall charts and objects to deepen students' understanding and memory of teaching content.
Obstetrics and gynecology diseases are hidden from anatomical position, and some obstetrics and gynecology teaching contents are complex and abstract, which is difficult for students to understand. In teaching methods, model demonstration and wall chart display have unexpected effects. The realistic simulation model allows each student to practice gynecological examination, extrapelvic measurement and four-step palpation in prenatal examination. Demonstration of delivery mechanism with pelvic model and newborn model can make students clearly observe every link of delivery process, make students have a deeper understanding and memory of teaching content, and achieve the purpose of improving teaching effect.
Make full use of modern teaching methods to increase students' information and knowledge.
Because patients' awareness of rights protection is enhanced, students' opportunities for internship and hands-on practice are reduced, and some teaching contents of obstetrics and gynecology are complex and abstract, which makes it difficult for students to learn and understand. Therefore, we should make full use of modern teaching methods to make them vivid and easy to master, and increase the information and knowledge of students, such as cooperating with relevant videos and animations, so that students can clearly understand the whole process of normal delivery, fetal head suction midwifery, forceps midwifery, cesarean section and gynecological surgery. In a short time, through animation and illustrations, students can intuitively understand a large number of clinical symptoms, facilitate a comprehensive understanding of diseases, understand memory and master the displayed teaching content as soon as possible, strengthen the concept of practice and improve the standardization of clinical operation. This not only increases students' information and knowledge, but also promotes the learning and accumulation of teachers' professional knowledge, thus improving the clinical teaching effect.
5 Measures to avoid medical disputes
Today? Doctor-patient relationship? This can be said to be one of the most discussed topics in society, and it is also the issue that people are most concerned about. The contradiction between doctors and patients has become a heart disease that puzzles government departments and major hospitals. In clinical teaching, we should fully respect patients' right to know and privacy, and communicate with patients well before teaching, so that they can understand the significance of clinical teaching in training qualified doctors, gain patients' trust and actively cooperate with teaching. On the other hand, in teaching, we require students to dress neatly and have a serious attitude. Under the guidance of the teacher, ask the medical history in an orderly manner, operate gently, be cautious in words and deeds, do not answer the patient's inquiry about his condition without authorization, and do not do diagnosis and treatment outside teaching [3] to avoid inducing medical disputes.
Select appropriate teaching methods and introduce the concept of evidence-based medicine into the clinical teaching of obstetrics and gynecology.
At present, most medical students still adopt the traditional experiential teaching mode, only paying attention to the training of students' basic knowledge and skills, focusing on teachers and teaching materials. In this mode of education, only the imparting of knowledge is paid attention to, but the cultivation of students' independent thinking ability is neglected, and the initiative and creativity of learning are lacking, thus affecting the teaching quality.
Since 1980s, empirical medicine based on experience and reasoning has been transformed into a new medical model based on clinical evidence provided by randomized control, systematic evaluation and meta-analysis, namely evidence-based medicine (EMB). Its appearance has greatly changed the concept of clinical medicine and clinical practice, provided a new teaching mode for modern medical teaching, and had a great impact on cultivating high-quality medical talents. Therefore, it is imperative to introduce evidence-based medicine into clinical medicine. 1992, formally proposed by Canadian scholar Sark and others? Evidence-based medicine? The concept of (EMB) defines evidence-based medicine as: prudently, accurately and wisely applying the best research evidence available at present, combining doctors' personal professional knowledge and skills and clinical experience, and considering patients' values and wishes, and combining the above factors perfectly to formulate the best treatment plan for patients [5].
In the clinical teaching of obstetrics and gynecology, through the management of patients, students are trained to apply the concept of evidence-based medicine and practice evidence-based medicine. Teachers should guide students to form? Ask questions, find evidence, and systematically evaluate? Clinical logical thinking ability, aiming at specific patients, encourages students to apply basic knowledge of obstetrics and gynecology, puts forward clinical problems, and independently seeks solutions to problems. Students can go to the library and use the Internet. Get the best evidence and write your own evidence into a summary report. The teacher organizes students to discuss, let students publish their best treatment plan and take the teacher to comment. In this learning process, students can not only learn the correct methods to deal with and solve problems, but also make students change from passive learning in the past to learning initiative and designer, from traditional knowledge acceptance to conscious knowledge exploration, and cultivate students' habit and ability of lifelong learning, thus better improving the clinical teaching effect of obstetrics and gynecology.
In short, we should fully mobilize students' subjective initiative, improve students' enthusiasm for clinical practice, adopt heuristic teaching, advocate problem-based teaching methods, widely carry out multimedia teaching and other teaching methods, strengthen basic operation training, cultivate students' practical ability and innovation ability, and cultivate clinical innovative and high-quality obstetrics and gynecology medical talents for the country [6].
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