N When kidney deficiency and healthy qi are insufficient, people may have symptoms such as listlessness, exhaustion, poor resistance, easy to get sick, persistent illness, premature aging, which is commonly called "physical weakness". In order to change the phenomenon of "deficiency", we must adopt the method of "tonic", that is, to treat the deficiency of the body by the method of "tonic", so as to achieve the purpose of sufficient vital qi, eliminating diseases, strengthening the body, resisting aging and prolonging life. This is called "tonic", also called "tonic". Generally, the methods of tonic are medicine tonic and food tonic. The phenomenon of "deficiency" can show many symptoms, which are collectively called "deficiency syndrome". According to the different characteristics of symptoms, TCM divides deficiency syndrome into four types: qi deficiency, blood deficiency, yin deficiency and yang deficiency. These kinds of deficiency can appear independently or simultaneously, such as deficiency of both qi and blood, deficiency of both qi and yin, deficiency of both yin and yang, deficiency of both yin and blood, and even deficiency of both yin and yang. Different tonics must be applied according to the types of deficiency, that is, the method of "syndrome differentiation and treatment"; Otherwise, it will be counterproductive and lead to unnecessary consequences. Generally speaking, the weakness of the human body includes four aspects: N qi deficiency: dizziness, shortness of breath, laziness, mental fatigue, low voice, general weakness, frequent spontaneous sweating, loss of appetite, abdominal distension after eating, or susceptibility to colds, pale tongue and weak pulse. The symptoms are aggravated during exercise. These are all symptoms of visceral function decline. Those who have the above symptoms or trends can use qi-invigorating foods, such as glutinous rice, japonica rice, yellow rice, jujube, carrots, mushrooms, tofu, chicken, quail, cow blood, dog meat, peanuts, lotus seeds, lychee, Monopterus albus, crucian carp, sea cucumber and herring. N blood deficiency: N symptoms mainly due to blood deficiency, such as pale face or sallow, pale lips, dizziness, palpitation and insomnia, numbness of hands and feet, etc. For women, it is often manifested as less menstruation, or delayed menstruation, or even amenorrhea, pale tongue and weak pulse. Those who have the above performance or development trend should use blood-enriching foods, such as chicken liver, beef tendon, sheep liver, pig heart, longan, mulberry, black fungus, carrot, pork, turtle and sea cucumber. N Yin deficiency: All manifestations of N Yin deficiency are emaciation, dry mouth and throat, fever in the afternoon, low fever, fever in hands and feet, night sweats (sweating after sleeping at night, waking up), dizziness, insomnia, constipation, red tongue with little fur and weak pulse. Can be used for nourishing yin, such as tremella, wheat, pear, grape, mulberry, bird's nest, cuttlefish, mussel, bee milk, honey, goose, egg, goat's milk, pig brain, squid, pig skin, etc. Yang deficiency: people with insufficient yang deficiency are afraid of cold, like warmth, fatigue and cold limbs, and like to eat hot meals and drink warm drinks. In addition, too lazy to talk, like to sleep and lie down, weak tongue is also a manifestation of yang deficiency. Commonly used yang-supporting foods include shrimp, walnut meat, mutton, dog meat, venison, sparrow meat, medlar, leek, clove, kidney bean, pigeon egg, eel and so on. 3. What are the commonly used supplementary methods?
N 1) can be divided into three types according to different medicinal properties: warming tonic, clearing tonic and flat tonic. N Warm Tonifying Method: Also called "Tonifying Yang Method", it is used to nourish people with yang deficiency or ordinary people in winter. The raw materials should be warm food, such as walnut kernel, jujube, longan, pork liver, beef, chicken, eel and shrimp. N Clearing and Tonifying Method: Used for nourishing people with yin deficiency and ordinary people in summer. The selected raw materials should be mild or cold foods, such as radish, wax gourd, watermelon, millet, apple, pear and duck. N Pingbu method: used for the elderly and infirm with general body. The selected raw materials should be lukewarm and mild food. Such as japonica rice, corn, lentils, cabbage, pork, milk and so on. N2) According to dosage and duration of treatment, it can be divided into two types: urgent and slow. Heavy tonic method: refers to the application of large doses of tonic to rescue yin and yang diseases, or to nourish people in a large amount, with strong taste and quality. Optional dog meat, venison, soft-shelled turtle, yellow croaker, etc. Slow tonic method: it is to take a small dose of tonic for a long time and take effect slowly. Generally speaking, yang deficiency should be warm, yin deficiency should be clear, severe and urgent syndrome should be replenished, and general physical weakness should be replenished gently. N3) Tonifying is divided into deficiency, yin, yang and qi and blood. Yiqi: suitable for people with qi deficiency. Mainly lung qi deficiency and spleen qi deficiency. Common ones are shortness of breath, fatigue, sweating easily, mental fatigue, pale face, loose stool, etc. Ginseng Radix, Radix Panacis Quinquefolii, Radix Codonopsis, Radix Pseudostellariae, Atractylodis Rhizoma, Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Fructus Jujubae and Rhizoma Dioscoreae can be selected. N blood tonic: suitable for blood deficiency. Mainly due to lack of hard work and liver blood deficiency. Common complexion is dull, dizziness, palpitation, pale lips, and less menstrual flow in women. Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Fructus Lycii, Fructus Jujubae, Arillus Longan and Radix Polygoni Multiflori can be selected. N tonifying yang: suitable for yang deficiency. Mainly kidney yang deficiency and spleen yang deficiency. This syndrome is most common in winter. The common symptoms are tepid limbs, fear of cold, backache and polyuria, male impotence, loose stool, and prolonged urination. Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum, Eucommia ulmoides, Epimedium, Semen Cuscutae, Semen Astragali Complanati, Cortex Cinnamomi, Radix Morindae Officinalis, Fructus Psoraleae, Fructus Alpinae Oxyphyllae, etc. If lung and kidney deficiency is accompanied by cough and asthma, you can choose gecko, placenta Hominis, Cordyceps sinensis and walnut kernel. N Tonifying Yin: Suitable for deficiency of yin deficiency. Yin deficiency may occur in all five internal organs, such as dry mouth and throat, five senses upset, hot flashes and night sweats. Radix Ophiopogonis, Radix Adenophorae, Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati, Herba Dendrobii, Carapax et Plastrum Testudinis, Carapax Trionycis, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Ecliptae Herba, Radix Asparagi, and Mori Fructus can be selected. N food supplement has the function of supplementing nutrition and coordinating the function of viscera. Generally, it is divided into normal food supplement and post-illness food supplement, but people often ignore normal food supplement and pay more attention to post-illness food supplement. The combination of food and medicine is a medicated diet, which takes both the efficacy of medicine and the nutrition of food. In a sense, the combination of the two is better than simple food or medicine. N4, the principle of food supplement:
N according to the characteristics of food and the different effects of food on human body, guide the production of food supplement and health care diet. Characteristics of food: food has two characteristics: tonifying deficiency and purging excess. Tonic foods generally have the effects of invigorating qi and nourishing blood, strengthening yang and nourishing yin, promoting fluid production and quenching thirst. Diarrhea food generally has the functions of relieving exterior syndrome and detoxicating, clearing away heat and expelling wind, purging fire and resolving phlegm, removing dampness and expelling wind, activating qi and promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis and cooling blood. It should be supplemented dialectically according to everyone's physique.
N tonic method has two meanings: one is to treat diseases through tonic. Only those with deficiency syndrome are treated with tonic method, which includes invigorating qi, enriching blood, nourishing yin, nourishing yang and the difference between qi and blood and yin and yang. Second, through tonic to enhance physical fitness, improve the body's immune function, so that it can prolong life. In the process of tonic, it is necessary to combine the actual situation of the human body and make a reasonable tonic in order to achieve the desired effect.
N Distinguish between true and false: tonic is to make up for its deficiency and deficiency, and people without symptoms of deficiency and deficiency do not need tonic.
N Mastering the function of the spleen and stomach: Only when drugs are transported by the spleen and stomach can they be transported to the whole body to play their therapeutic role, so it is necessary to understand the function of the spleen and stomach when supplementing.
N master the appropriate dosage: everyone's appetite is large and small, and the digestion and absorption function is good and bad. The dosage of tonic varies from person to person.
N Grasp the seasonal opportunity: Tonifying is generally used in the remission period of chronic or acute diseases, so the corresponding seasonal opportunity for treatment should be determined according to the symptoms and characteristics of some diseases.
Master the correct decocting method: all tonics should be decocted with slow fire for a long time.
N Do not abuse tonics: Only by mastering the ingredients, tastes, functions, indications, contraindications and side effects of tonics can they be used reasonably, and can they play a role in treating diseases and strengthening the body.
6. The saying that "medicine is better than food"
N This is generally aimed at some chronic diseases, especially patients with weak constitution or neurasthenia. This kind of patients with "food supplement" supplemented by appropriate physical activities, the effect is better. However, not all chronic diseases can be supplemented by food instead of medicine. For example, pulmonary tuberculosis patients with lung and kidney yin deficiency, chronic liver disease patients with liver and spleen deficiency. It is necessary to cooperate with tonic drugs according to the patient's condition, so that drug treatment, drug supplement and food supplement can complement each other, and better curative effect can be obtained. N whether it is medicine or food supplement, it should be distinguished according to the patient's physique and condition, so that there must be tonic and there can be no deviation. For the treatment of acute and severe diseases, such as massive bleeding or vomiting and diarrhea, blood transfusion or fluid replacement must be done in time. At present, this disease cannot be replaced by food supplements.
7, complementary food supplement matters needing attention summary
N Adapt to the time: according to the different seasonal climate characteristics throughout the year, consider the principle of tonic.
N Suit measures to local conditions: Choose suitable food according to the geographical and climatic characteristics and products of different regions.
N According to people's age, sex, physique and occupation, we should prescribe the right medicine and consider appropriate dietary supplements.
N Eating is expensive and thrifty: When eating complementary food, generally don't eat too much at a time. It is necessary to adhere to a small number of meals, and long-term adherence can achieve the desired results.
N eating is not miscellaneous: at the same time, it is not advisable to eat too many varieties.
N Proper cooking: generally speaking, frying, roasting, boiling, explosion and other cooking methods are not suitable for foods used for treating diseases, so as not to destroy their nutrients. Instead, we should use steaming, stewing, frying and porridge to keep the original eating habits of food.
Dietary supplements for people of different ages i. the elderly
Physiological characteristics: n Kidney qi gradually declines, and qi and blood are insufficient, such as white hair, skin wrinkles, osteoporosis, coronary arteriosclerosis, prostatic hyperplasia and hypertrophy. N daily diet: you should choose n kinds of peaceful, nourishing but not stagnant, nourishing but not greasy foods. N Common tonic foods:: n 1) Foods beneficial to the brain: such as egg yolk, sesame, soybean (mung bean, industrial soybean, mung bean, black bean and red bean), walnut, pine nuts and chestnuts. N2) Spleen-invigorating and appetizing foods: hawthorn, pepper and mustard.
N physiological characteristics: n children are in the process of growth and development, belonging to "pure yang body", "delicate viscera, not full of qi", "easy to be deficient and easy to be solid, easy to be cold and hot", affected by food and drugs, and easy to get sick. For example, taking a large number of high-calorie foods as the staple food leads to loss of appetite, endocrine disorders and even obesity, which is the result of not knowing how to pay attention to diet, food supplement and diet therapy according to different ages. Therefore, spicy, qi-invigorating, yang-supporting, nourishing and greasy food supplements and dietotherapy products are all examples of children's dietary taboos. N daily diet: n should be balanced and comprehensive. Choose fruits, vegetables and other foods that clear away heat and promote fluid production, as well as coarse grains and miscellaneous grains with more dietary fiber to prevent dryness and heat. N Common food supplements are: n Nourishing spleen and stomach, benefiting qi and promoting fluid production: japonica rice, poria cocos, yam, glutinous rice, peas, soybeans, crucian carp, pork tripe, yellow croaker, hawthorn, litchi, grape, black jujube and jujube; N detoxifying and killing insects, tonifying kidney and replenishing essence: pumpkin seeds, dark plum, garlic, sunflower seeds, milk, eggs and light orange seeds.
Physiological characteristics of N: N has a series of physiological processes, such as menstruation, pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding and so on, and the function of viscera changes with different periods. N Daily diet: n In addition to the general dietary supplement requirements, scientific dietary supplement should also be combined with its physiological characteristics. Traditional Chinese medicine theory says: n female teenagers treat kidney, middle-aged liver and old spleen. N 1, menstrual food supplement: it is necessary to strengthen the maintenance of kidney, liver and spleen, replenish liver and kidney, and invigorate qi and spleen. N Puberty: It is advisable to tonify kidney and replenish essence, and sea cucumber, black-bone chicken, mutton, jujube, black sesame, carrot and wolfberry fruit can be selected. N Middle-aged women: nourishing liver and enriching blood, soothing liver and relieving depression. Or choose donkey-hide gelatin, pig liver, auricularia auricula, dried tangerine peel, mint and rose (+rock sugar soaked in water, which can nourish blood and soften liver) n elderly women; Nourish spleen-qi and blood. Codonopsis pilosula, Poria cocos, beef, chicken, yam, mushroom, mandarin fish and lotus seed n2 can be selected. Food supplement during pregnancy: tonifying the kidney and preventing miscarriage, nourishing the spleen and stomach, nourishing yin and nourishing blood; N Bushen anti-abortion: walnut kernel, chestnut, quail, Atractylodes macrocephala, dodder, chicken, sea cucumber and polished rice; N spleen and kidney: pork belly, eel, crucian carp, glutinous rice. N tonifying qi and blood: ginseng, mutton, chicken, jujube and longan; Promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis: hawthorn, auricularia auricula, lotus root and sweet potato; n4。 Generally speaking, women's food supplements: n Middle-aged women: mainly regulate qi and blood, eliminate food stagnation, and choose pig's trotters, crucian carp, soybeans and peanuts; N elderly women: mainly nourishing liver and kidney and invigorating qi and blood, choose angelica and jujube. Teach you how to eat five kinds of food to achieve the balance of yin and yang. According to personal physique, eat more food in different seasons and places. Chinese medicine believes that warmth is yang and cold is yin. Only by flexibly using the warmth and coldness of food according to people, time and place can the human body reach the balance of yin and yang at any time and not get sick. 1. Choose food according to personal physique. People with severe body cold and deficiency of both qi and blood should eat more warm foods, such as beef and mutton, onion, leek and ginger, regardless of season. Nowadays, the food people eat is generally cold, and air conditioning is widely used to cool down, so many people now belong to cold constitution. If the body is hot and energetic, eating too much warm food will be hot and dry, and the function will be too exciting, so it is necessary to choose some cold food to balance it. 2. Choose food according to climate change. After all, climate change is temperature change. Therefore, when the temperature is high, people should eat more raw and cold food to clear away heat, and when the temperature is low, warm food should be used to keep warm and drive away cold. Now in summer, there are a lot of indoor air conditioners, and the heat brought by nature has been greatly reduced, but people are still not satisfied and still greedy for cold things, so the body is very cold and wet. It's cold in winter, so eat more warm food to keep warm. However, due to the extensive use of indoor heating and air conditioning, the air is hot and dry, so people are still greedy for cold drinks and eat watermelons and bananas, which is wrong. 3. Eat food wherever you are. Hot places are rich in cold fruits, such as bananas, watermelons and sugar cane. In cold areas, there are plenty of mild and warm foods, such as onions, green onions, garlic, potatoes and soybeans. This is the food prepared by God for people, which is completely suitable for their bodies. This is the truth that "one side of the soil and water will support one side". I want to remind you that people can eat out-of-season and trans-regional food all year round. The great material wealth is not for everyone's health, but for the needs of economic development and for making money. If our bodies want to stay healthy, the food we eat should always be in balance with our own physical quality, environment and seasons. We should all choose foods with different properties according to people, time and place, so as not to get sick or get sick less, and knowing the properties of food can ensure the safety of "the foundation of the day after tomorrow". The following are five kinds of common foods for your reference: cereal diet is relatively dull: rice, corn, highland barley and rice. Temperature: glutinous rice, black rice, west Gu Mi (sago), sorghum. Coolness: millet, wheat, barley, buckwheat, coix seed, mung bean. A balanced meat diet: pork, pig heart, pig kidney, pig liver, eggs, geese, donkey meat, wild boar, hedgehog meat, pigeon meat, quail, crow meat, snake meat, locust (grasshopper), donkey hide gelatin (donkey hide glue), turtle (slightly cold), scallop, loach and octopus. Temperature: beef, tripe, beef marrow, dog meat, cat meat, mutton, lamb tripe, sheep bone, sheep marrow, chicken (lukewarm), silky fowl, sparrow, pheasant, venison, bear's paw, gecko, roe deer (river venison), silkworm chrysalis, etc. Cool: buffalo, duck, rabbit, frog (frog), abalone. Cold: duck eggs (slightly cold), horse meat, otter meat, crabs, sea crabs, clams, oysters, snails, earthworms, river snails (cold), snails, mussels, clams (clams), mullet and octopus. Balanced fruit diet: plums, bonuses (sand fruits), pineapples, grapes, olives, sunflower seeds, torreya grandis seeds, pumpkin seeds, gordon euryales (cockscomb fruit), lotus seeds, coconut juice, arborvitae seeds, peanuts, ginkgo, hazelnuts, hawthorn and chestnuts. Temperature: peach, apricot, jujube, litchi, longan, bergamot, lemon (lukewarm), kumquat, bayberry, pomegranate, papaya, betel nut, pine nut, walnut kernel and cherry. Coolness: apple (slightly cool), pear, orange, orange, strawberry (slightly cool), mango, loquat, Siraitia grosvenorii, water chestnut, lotus seed core and lily. Cold: persimmon, dried persimmon, grapefruit, banana, mulberry, carambola, fig, kiwi, sugarcane, watermelon, melon (cantaloupe). Vegetables have a balanced diet: yam, radish (slightly cold), carrot, Chinese cabbage, chrysanthemum (slightly cold), kohlrabi, green vegetables, chicken head, lobster sauce, cowpea, potato, taro, ginger, jellyfish, auricularia auricula (slightly cold), mushrooms, Pleurotus ostreatus, Hericium erinaceus and so on. Temperature: onion, garlic, leek, coriander (coriander), potherb mustard, onion, toon head, pumpkin. Sexual fever: Chili. Coolness: tomato (slightly cool), celery, eggplant, rape, kohlrabi, water bamboo, amaranth, Malantou, chrysanthemum brain, spinach, day lily (day lily), lettuce (lettuce), cauliflower, wolfberry head, mugwort, tofu (tofu skin, tofu) coldness: arrowhead (arrowhead) Other diets are mediocre: white sugar, rock sugar (slightly cold), soybean milk, medlar (slightly warm), Ganoderma lucidum, tremella (slightly cold), bird's nest, corn stigma, Polygonatum sibiricum, Gastrodia elata, Codonopsis pilosula, Poria and Glycyrrhiza uralensis. , Endothelium Corneum Gigeriae Galli, Semen Ziziphi Spinosae, Vegetable Oil, Sesame Oil, Peanut Oil, Soybean Oil, Maltose, Maltose, Maltose. Temperature: Ginger, Amomum villosum, Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Perilla frutescens, Fennel, Clove, Illicium verum, Kaempferia Kaempferia, Wine, Vinegar, Black Tea, Alkaloids, Coffee, Brown Sugar, Osmanthus fragrans, Pine Pollen, Cordyceps, Placenta Hominis, Chuanxiong, Astragalus membranaceus (lukewarm) and Pseudostellaria heterophylla (lukewarm). Sexual fever: pepper, cinnamon. Herbal tea: green tea, honey, royal jelly, hops, Sophora japonica, chrysanthemum, mint, boat-fruited Sterculia, white peony root, adenophora adenophora, American ginseng and cassia seed. Cold: soy sauce, batter, salt, honeysuckle, balsam pear tea, kudingcha, thatched grass root, reed root and alum. Pay special attention to 1. Sex food can be eaten all year round. You can eat warm food in all seasons except summer. 3. Cold food can be eaten often in summer, and must be eaten with warm food in other seasons. 4. Try to eat less cold food. If you want to eat, you must add the isothermal food of pepper, pepper and ginger.