Duckweed-Plant Sample (Figure 1)
Latin scientific name:
① duckweed with purple back.
(2) Qingping (Effective Treatment Prescription of World Famous Doctors) duckweed
English names: common duckweed, duckweed
Alias: Ping (Er Ya), Shuiping, (Heart Sutra), Duckweed, Algae (Li Guo's Note on Er Ya), Duckweed (Elbow Back), Shuibai, Stachys (Other Records), Duckweed (Herb) and Duckweed (Name).
Trade name: Ziping, also known as duckweed with purple back. The ventral surface is light green to grayish green, and the dorsal surface is brownish green to purplish brown. The best color is green, purple on the back, dry, complete and free of impurities. Qingping: also known as duckweed with green back. The ventral and dorsal surfaces of the thallus are green. It is best to be green, dry, complete and free of impurities.
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morphological character
Ziping, a small perennial herb, floats on the water. Roots 5- 1 1 tufted, tender and fibrous,
duckweed
3-5 cm long. A new bud is produced on the side of the root, which is connected by a thin stem before being separated from the mother. The thallus is flat, solitary or clustered in 2-5 clusters, broadly obovate, 4-10mm long and 4-6mm wide, the top is obtuse, slightly concave on the top, dark green and purple on the bottom, and palmately veined with 5- 1 1 inconspicuous. Inflorescence is born in the notch on the edge of thallus; Flowers and plants, hermaphrodite forest; The spathe is drooping, short, 2-lipped, with 2 male flowers, 1 female flower 1 flower, and no perianth; The male flower has 2 stamens, 2 anthers and slender filaments; Female flower pistil 1, ovary sessile, 1 room, 2 ovules, short style, flat or annular stigma. The fruit is round and has wings at the edge.
The flowering period is from April to June, and the fruiting period is from May to July. Duckweed, floating grass 1 root, 3-4 cm long, slender, wingless root sheath, blunt or truncated root cap. The thallus is symmetrical, obovate, oval or nearly round, with a length of 1.5-6mm and a width of 2-3 mm. The upper surface is smooth, green and opaque, and the lower surface is yellowish or purple, with three inconspicuous veins. There is a capsule on the back of the thallus, and the new thallus floats out of the capsule, connects with the mother with a short stem, and then falls off. Flowers unisexual, monoecious, born on the edge of phyllosome cracking; The spathe is wing-shaped, with female flowers 1 and 2 male flowers; Male flower anthers 2-loculed, filaments slender; The female flower has 1 pistil, huge ovary and 1 curved ovule. The fruit is nearly gyroscopic and wingless. There are 1 seeds with convex endosperm and irregular convex veins 12- 15.
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Medicinal plant cultivation
Biological properties
Duckweed-plant sample (Figure 2)
I like warm climate and humid environment and avoid sub-cold. It is advisable to cultivate in paddy fields, ponds and lakes first.
Seed propagation
Harvest mature seeds, package the seeds into small balls with yellow mud, each ball contains 2-3 seeds, and put them into cultivation water.
cultivation techniques
Seed propagation and ramet propagation.
fissiparity
In spring and summer, some mother plants are fished out and dispersed into the cultivated water.
Tiantuan management
Regularly remove weeds from the water surface and keep the cultivated water surface motionless; Pay attention to irrigation to prevent drought.
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geographical distribution
All over the country.
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Modern research
Modern research
1. chemical composition: this product contains flavonoids, such as safflower yellow and vitexin. In addition, it also contains carotene, lutein, potassium acetate, potassium chloride, iodine, bromine fatty acids and other substances.
2. Pharmacological effect: Duckweed has diuretic effect, and its effective components are mainly potassium acetate and potassium chloride. The water extract of duckweed has cardiotonic effect and can constrict blood vessels to raise blood pressure. In addition, it also has antipyretic and antibacterial effects.
3. Clinical research: It is reported that Shuangzi Baifu Decoction, which mainly consists of fresh duckweed 60g, Lithospermum 15g and Dictamni Radicis 30g, has been used to treat 2 15 cases of common skin diseases such as acne and eczema, and achieved good results (Heilongjiang Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1998, (2): 7). Fifty cases of urticaria were treated with Guizhi Duckweed Decoction (Guizhi, Rhizoma Atractylodis, Radix Saposhnikoviae, Coicis Semen, Duckweed, Gleditsia sinensis, Kochia scoparia, and Bombyx Batryticatus), and the curative effect was remarkable (journal of traditional chinese medicine,1998,26 (3): 43).
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Medicinal value
summary
Efficacy: sweating, expelling wind, promoting blood circulation, clearing away heat and toxic materials.
Duckweed traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces
Indications: heat carbuncle, impenetrable macula, wind-heat painful eruption, skin itching, edema, amenorrhea, tinea, erysipelas and scald.
Nature and taste return to meridian: pungent and cold. 1 classic: "pungent, cold." ② Don't record: "Acid, non-toxic." ③ Southern Yunnan herbs: "Cold in nature and bitter in taste." ④ Medical forest editor: "pungent, flat and salty."
Enter the lung meridian. ① Outline: "Entering the Lung Meridian." ② Description of properties of Leigong gun products: "Into lung and small intestine." (3) seeking truth from facts: "human liver and spleen."
Usage and dosage: oral administration: decoction, l ~ 2 yuan (0.5 ~ l); Pour juice or take pills. External use: decoction, fumigation, grinding, coring or application.
Medication should be avoided: ① Materia Medica Classic: "Indications are qi deficiency and spontaneous sweating." (2) "New Materia Medica": "You can't try it lightly unless it is hot." (3) Depei Materia Medica: "Blood deficiency and dry skin, qi deficiency and wind pain, both of which are forbidden."
Duckweed-plant sample (Figure 3)
Literature discussion
1, Tang Materia Medica: There are three kinds of duckweed people: the biggest one is called apple; There are Jiangcai in the water, which is similar, and the leaves are round; Duckweed on water cures fire sores.
2. Materia Medica: Xiaopingzi is a ditch. The cloud level in Shennong's Herbal Classic should be a minor.
3. Outline: The duckweed used in materia medica is duckweed, not duckweed. Tao Su always makes mistakes with big apples. Ping and Ping sound similar, but the words and shapes are different. There are many duckweeds in the pond, and Ji Chun was born. A leaf stays overnight, there are several leaves, and there are micro-whiskers under the leaves, which are its roots. A green back. A person with a blue face and a purple back is called Ziping. Just take the medicine. It was picked in July. The duckweed with purple back was picked in July. It was cleaned, spread in the sun with a bamboo screen, and reflected in a basin of water. It was easy to dry.
4, "Materia Medica Seeking Truth": duckweed, burning cigarettes to repel mosquitoes is also good. But people with qi deficiency should not approach the bus.
5, "Materia Medica": Level, its body is frivolous, its nature is dry, and it can also dispel damp heat. When the hot air is depressed in the skin, it itches, tastes pungent and cold, and can disperse the damp heat of the skin. Cold can remove heat and dryness can remove moisture, so it is wet. Wine is hot and humid, but flat and not immersed in water, and its smell is pungent and cold, so it can be used to make wine. Blood heat will make hair dry and easy to fall off, and cold blood will make hair grow.
6, "Don't record": the main thirst-quenching person has the evil of damp heat, the body fluid is self-generated, and thirst stops. It's called "Xiaqi", and bathing and germinating also uses cold energy to clear heat and cool blood.
7. Zhang Shousheng: Duckweed is the most frivolous, so it spreads lung qi, reaches fur, perspires to relieve summer heat and drains. Classic, Bielu and Daming are all in this range. But it not only cures qi, but also clears blood heat. Therefore, promoting granulation to treat hematemesis, Sheng Hui prescription to treat nasal blood vessels, and Linhu to treat aphtha. Good at clearing fire and conducting heat downwards, with good results. People close to you think it's a medicine for sweating, but they don't know that clearing away heat is their specialty, and they think it's not used to the extreme. Moreover, it has the lightest mass and a thin smell. Although it is called sweating, it is tepid and there must be no sweat.
duckweed
Identification of raw medicinal materials
Microscopic identification: On the surface of the bacteria, the vertical peripheral wall of the upper epidermal cells is slightly curved, the stomata are uncertain, and there are 5-7 subsidiary cells. The vertical wall of the lower epidermal cells is almost straight, and there is no stomata. The mesophyll cells inside the upper epidermis are polygonal. Some cells contain calcium oxalate cluster crystals with a diameter of 13-30μ m, while others are large and oblong, containing needle-like crystals of calcium oxalate with a length of17-13-30μ m, and the cells near the lower epidermis are ventilated tissues, which are composed of thin-walled cells with large cell gaps.
pharmacological action
1. Diuretic effect: Diuretic components are potassium acetate and potassium chloride.
2. Cardiovascular effect: The water extract of duckweed has cardiotonic effect on the heart of quinine-induced aging frog, which can be enhanced by calcium, and the heart stops in diastolic phase at high dose; It constricts blood vessels and raises blood pressure.
3. Antipyretic effect: duckweed soup and granule (2g/kg) were given orally to rabbits with fever caused by typhoid mixed vaccine, which proved to have weak antipyretic effect.
Chemical constituents of traditional Chinese medicine
Duckweed contains potassium acetate and potassium chloride "and substances such as iodine and Australia". Qingping contains a large number of water-soluble vitamins such as vitamins B 1, B2 and C, flavonoids such as draft luteolin -7- oral-glucose 2, draft 8- basic luteolin -8-β- glucose 2, iodine, ethanol and other substances. Its polysaccharide is a rich source of D- celery sugar. It also contains resin, wax, graphics, nj6 green, sugar, protein, mucus, jute and so on. The whole grass mainly contains orientin, luteolin -7- monoglucoside, vitexin, cosmosiin and so on. It also contains tannins and lipid compounds. It also contains β-carotene, lutein, potassium acetate and potassium chloride.
Chemical identification of traditional Chinese medicine
Take the acetic acid extract of this product, evaporate it to dryness, add distilled water to dissolve it, add a small amount of magnesium powder and 2 drops of concentrated hydrochloric acid, and heat it until it boils and turns orange. (check flavonoids)
comment
(1) is used to treat exogenous wind-heat, measles, and is often combined with Xihe willow, burdock and mint. For wind-heat addiction, it can also be taken orally and externally. Duckweed can clear away heat and promote diuresis, so it is used for edema and exterior heat.
duckweed
Party selection
① Timely treatment of fever and sweating: one or two duckweeds, half ephedra (going to the festival to report), half cinnamon, and half aconite (removing navel and peeling). Four things were mashed and sieved. Take two yuan each time, a glass of water, half a cent of ginger, and fry until six points. Take it with me regardless of time. (materia medica)
(2) Treating wind-heat of the skin, causing the whole body to become an addiction rash: Arctium lappa and duckweed are equally divided. Mix two yuan with mint soup and take it twice a day. ("Health Care Essentials")
(3) Treatment of physical deficiency and itching: duckweed costs one dollar, and Ping Huang costs one dollar. Decoct the soup with siwu soup and adjust it. (Danxi Compendium)
4. Treating heat thirst is not limited to Chinese medicine for irritability: duckweed is added with water, washed, dried and tailed, and Chinese medicine milk pills, such as plane tree, are used. Whenever you take it, take porridge for 39 minutes. (Sheng Huifang)
⑤ Treatment of thirst: divide dried duckweed and withered root equally. The first two flavors are the last. Human milk and pills are like dried fruits. Take 20 tablets on an empty stomach for three days. ("Qian Jinfang" Duckweed Pill) 6 Heat poison treatment: Duckweed mash juice and apply it all over the body. (The Secret Record of Mother and Child)
⑦ Treatment of wind disease with phlegm: 1. Duckweed, picked in March, scoured for three or five times, baked for three or five days, no mouth. Take San Qian with warm wine before eating. In February and July, duckweed with purple back was taken, dried in the sun for half a liter, and scattered in the wind for five or two. Five yuan each time, decocted in water frequently; Let's take a bath with decoction. ("Top Ten Convenient Prescriptions")
⑧ Treatment of carbuncle: appropriate amount of Spiraea, appropriate amount of juice, appropriate amount of root bark powder of Russula (mountain crab), one spoonful. Mix the medicines evenly and apply externally, leaving a hole in the middle. (Selected data of single prescription survey)
9 Treatment of urinary tract obstruction, abdominal distension and water swelling: duckweed on the water, dry fiercely, and finally, take it three times a day. (Dry gold prescription)
Indications for acute nephritis: duckweed two or two, black bean one or two. Decoct with water. (Selected data of new medical methods of Chinese herbal medicines in Inner Mongolia)
1 1. Treatment of eye sores and rashes, unbearable pain and fear of eye injury: Take one or two yuan each time for duckweed with dry in the shade, add half a catty of sheep liver, put it in a pot and stab it with a bamboo stick. Pour half the water, twist the liver juice and take it after meals. (General formula for children's hygiene, duckweed powder)
12. Treatment of sweat spot carbuncle: duckweed with purple back, dried in the sun. Take four or two decoctions in each bath and wipe them with a flat surface. Or you can use two dollars to defend yourself. (pocket square towel)
13. Cure my noodles: the groove is flat, it is the end, and it counts. (Sheng Huifang)
14. To relieve the snake's cough, mash the duckweed and get the juice to drink. ("The Essentials of Pinhui")
15. The nasal treatment boat is not limited to: dry duckweed powder, blown into the nose. (Sheng Huifang)
16. Treatment of pterygium and eye climbing: a little green duckweed, ground, put a little into the brain and stick it on the eyes. (The Good Prescription of Doctors in the World)