China has entered the rapid development stage of population aging. In order to respond positively, the State Council's "Several Opinions on Accelerating the Development of the Aged Care Service Industry" proposes that by 2020, it will be fully built on the basis of home and community.
Supported by government agencies and institutions, the old-age service system with perfect functions and appropriate scale covers urban and rural areas, with more old-age service products, continuous improvement of market mechanism and sustained and healthy development of the old-age service industry.
Vigorously develop home-based care for the aged
On June 65438+1October 1 1, the reporter saw that there were rehabilitation nursing, day care nursing, chronic disease management, family sickbed, bath assistance and other services in Li Nan District, Shuangyushu, Haidian District.
A number of service functions, but also provide home care services for the elderly. In the physical rehabilitation room, 82-year-old Wang Jinling said, "There is something wrong with my shoulder. I used to go to the hospital for massage, and the cost of traveling was also high. It's okay now,
The center provides free massage and is close to home. If I feel uncomfortable, I can come and press it. "
Li Jie, deputy director of Haidian District Civil Affairs Bureau, told reporters that this service center was established through cooperation between government and enterprises. Beixiaguan Street provides venues, District Disabled Persons' Federation provides rehabilitation equipment, and District Civil Affairs Bureau is responsible for policy guidance.
At that time, funds were provided to purchase services for some elderly people with disabilities. District Health Bureau provides community hospitals and family doctors, Shuangyushu Li Nan Second District Neighborhood Committee is responsible for community supervision, and Beijing Aijia Pension Service Co., Ltd. is responsible for management and service.
Supply.
With the rapid growth of the aging population in China, how to provide for the aged has become an urgent problem.
"Our survey results show that 12% of the elderly over 75 are willing to go to nursing homes for the elderly, but there is a premise that they will be unable to take care of themselves. Most elderly people still choose to live at home. "
Li Jie said, "International experience has proved that home-based care for the aged is an economical care model with low investment, high efficiency and wide coverage. Its advantage is to use family resources and community resources to solve low-cost and high-efficiency problems for the government, families and the elderly.
Pension problem. Under the condition of "getting old before getting rich" in China, it is an effective model to solve the pressure of providing for the aged in the future. "
According to "Several Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Aged Care Service", by 2020, all urban communities in China will cover standard day care centers and activity centers for the elderly, and more than 90% of townships and more than 60% of rural communities will establish comprehensive community service facilities and places including aged care services.
In this regard, Zhan Chengfu, director of the Social Welfare and Philanthropy Promotion Department of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, said that at present, the coverage rate of comprehensive home care facilities and sites in urban and rural communities in China is still low because of insufficient policy guidance and support.
For example, many places have not considered the demand for old-age care in the planning of supporting public facilities for urban construction for many years. "The next step will be to increase efforts. Starting this year, in rural areas, 654.38 billion yuan will be invested every year to build a happy home; In the city,
Further strengthen the combination with community construction, lay out facilities for the aged, introduce the government's policy of purchasing aged care services, and train professional aged care service teams. "
Flexible support for institutional pensions
"Vigorously developing home-based care for the elderly is not to ignore institutional care for the elderly." Zhan Chengfu said that the "Several Opinions on Accelerating the Development of the Aged Care Service Industry" clearly stated that by 2020, it will be fully built on the basis of home and community.
An old-age service system supported by institutions, with perfect functions, moderate scale and covering urban and rural areas. "Institutions are the support, that is to say, in addition to caring for and managing the disabled, elderly people living alone and other elderly people who do not have the conditions for supporting the elderly at home, institutions are very important.
One of our responsibilities is to provide technical support and spread the technological advantages of the organization to communities and families. "
Zhan Chengfu said that among the more than 40,000 social pension institutions in China, public pension institutions account for the majority, and many public pension institutions are inefficient and poorly managed, and need to be reformed urgently. In this regard, the Opinions clearly pointed out that there are
Conditional places can actively and steadily transform public pension institutions that provide business services to the society into enterprises and improve the corporate governance structure. Policy-oriented old-age beds should be gradually managed by public construction and private management.
Operation, and actively encourage private capital to operate public pension service facilities through entrusted management. "It can be said that this has pointed out the direction for invigorating public pension institutions and giving full play to their roles." It is understood that public support
The pilot reform of the old institutions is about to begin.
In addition, for social forces to organize old-age care institutions, the Opinions clearly stated that all localities should coordinate the construction of various old-age care institutions in accordance with the requirements of urban and rural planning and layout; In terms of funds, venues, personnel, etc. , further decline.
Reduce the threshold for social forces to set up old-age care institutions, simplify procedures, standardize procedures, disclose information, and verify the scope of business and activities by administrative licensing and registration authorities to provide convenient services for social forces to set up old-age care institutions; Encourage the environment
Foreign investment in the aged care service industry; Encourage individuals to set up family-oriented and miniaturized pension institutions, and social forces to set up large-scale and chain-like pension institutions; Encourage private capital to invest in enterprise factories, commercial facilities and other available
Social resources integration into old-age services.
"For public pension institutions, we should give full play to their supporting role, and government-run pension institutions should be practical and applicable, avoid extravagance and waste, and focus on solving the' three noes' (no ability to work, no source of income, no supporters and supporters)
Provide free or low-cost support and nursing services to the elderly with financial difficulties, low-income elderly and disabled and semi-disabled elderly. "Zhan Chengfu said.
According to the established development goals, in 2020, the number of social old-age beds in China will reach 35 to 40 per thousand elderly people, and the service capacity will be greatly enhanced.
Create an old-age industrial cluster
The survey report on the protection of the rights and interests of elderly consumers in China in 20 13 recently released by China Consumers Association shows that the elderly consumer market in China has great potential, and the needs of elderly consumers are becoming high-level, high-quality, personalized,
Diversified development. On the one hand, the elderly have a large number of needs in medical care, diet and old-age care; On the other hand, with the development of society and the deepening of reform and opening up, the values, consumption and life of the elderly have changed.
The way is constantly updated, and spending money on health, comfort and convenience is becoming the life pursuit of the elderly.
"China's pension industry is still in its infancy, with small industrial scale, unbalanced overall structure, low overall level and irregular market order, which obviously lags behind the growth of consumer demand and economic and social development of the elderly population." Yan, deputy director of the National Office for Ageing, said.
In this regard, "Several Opinions on Accelerating the Development of the Aged Care Service Industry" proposes that by 2020, the scale of China's aged care industry should be significantly expanded, focusing on elderly life care, elderly products and supplies, elderly health services and elderly health care.
The old-age service industry, which focuses on fitness, culture and entertainment, financial services and tourism for the elderly, has developed in an all-round way, and the added value of the old-age service industry has greatly increased in the service industry. A number of leading enterprises and large enterprises have emerged.
A group of innovative small and medium-sized enterprises will form a group of old-age service industrial clusters and cultivate a number of well-known brands.
"The social demand for old-age care is huge and has great potential, but to turn the huge potential into real demand, we must prosper the consumer market for old-age care services." Zhan Chengfu said that it is necessary to expand the content of old-age care services and encourage and guide relevant banks.
Actively expand cultural entertainment, physical fitness, leisure tourism and other services suitable for the characteristics of the elderly; Vigorously develop products and supplies for the elderly, and actively develop safe and effective rehabilitation AIDS, food and medicines around the needs of the elderly.
Supplies and service products; Develop living facilities for the elderly, such as nursing homes and apartments, to improve the quality of life of the elderly; Guide and standardize commercial banks, insurance companies, securities companies and other financial institutions to formulate policies suitable for the elderly.
Financial and insurance products. "At the same time, we should encourage the development of small and medium-sized elderly enterprises, support the development of leading enterprises, implement brand strategy, improve innovation ability, and form a group of enterprises with long industrial chain, wide coverage and remarkable economic and social benefits.
Industrial clusters. "
"By 20 15 years, the demand for old-age care and home-based care may reach 450 billion yuan; By 2020, the aged care service industry may provide about100000 jobs. It can be said that accelerating the development of the old-age care industry is also a great potential for expanding domestic demand and increasing employment. " Hao Fuqing, deputy director of the Social Development Department of the National Development and Reform Commission, said.