Chinese learning, whether it is words, ancient poems or ancient prose, requires usual recitation. (Learn to integrate knowledge points and classify the information that needs to be learned and the knowledge that has been mastered. You can make a mind map or knowledge card to make your brain and thinking clear and easy to remember, review and master. )
The most direct importance of learning classical Chinese is to take the exam, otherwise it will be bad luck if you don't pass the exam. This is a joke. )
Classical Chinese is the carrier of China's cultural accumulation for thousands of years. By studying classical Chinese, we can broaden our horizons and cultivate our own cultural heritage. Chinese civilization is continuous and Chinese culture is integrated. A lot of knowledge we need now can be found in ancient books. If you don't know anything about classical Chinese, you can't study deeply at all. And classical Chinese is not for people who study liberal arts. For example, if you want to be a physicist, there is a lot of physical knowledge in ancient literature, which is recorded in the form of prose or notebook novels. You need to refer to these documents, but no one will help you translate ready-made modern Chinese, so you can only read ancient Chinese with ancient books. For example, if you want to be an entrepreneur, there are many management philosophies to learn from in ancient times. You need to learn ancient books. Isn't it miserable not to know classical Chinese?
From the perspective of personal cultivation, learning classical Chinese can improve one's quality, deepen one's thoughts, and have an impact on one's temperament and attitude towards life.
So, if you are interested, study hard. If you are not interested, at least lay a foundation. It will come in handy one day.
3. Why do middle school students learn classical Chinese? Why do middle school students learn classical Chinese?
I'm sorry, what exactly are you asking?
An incorrect/illogical sentence
Remind you to learn Chinese well.
The significance of learning classical Chinese;
As far as mastering classical Chinese is concerned.
Seeing other people's translations is different from translating by yourself.
Although many of them have been translated, forcing students to translate is nothing more than a process of practice.
You can't remember the meaning of "zhi" for ten times, but you can't remember it deeply by practicing an article yourself.
The effect of repeating boring memories is definitely not as good as the effect of combining several exercises ... Is the so-called doing nothing but touching you?
As far as learning classical Chinese is concerned,
I have always felt that many ideas of the ancients are not backward now.
There are even many that you can understand at different ages and levels.
Many of them are the essence of ancient people's understanding and grasp of life. There's no harm in going to see them.
Is the significance of learning classical Chinese to master the means of communication with the ancients?
Many things are translated with the translator's understanding (not just classical Chinese).
Moreover, everyone may understand different words used in the same classical Chinese. If you don't even have a basic understanding, how can you dig out the true meaning?
How many people can understand the same "inaction" realm?
You can also say that I can live well without learning classical Chinese or even reading. Why bother?
Of course, but what kind of spiritual level determines the world in your eyes?
So it depends on how you understand and choose.
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But it's no use saying it's useful now
Then how many things do you think we can use in the future through exam-oriented education?
Practically speaking, it's all about one point. Why should we consider it for the sake of one point? Do you still have to consider which part is a waste of time? Do it. (littleve)
4. Why should I learn ancient Chinese? But if you think about it carefully, ancient Chinese can be said to be the essence and crystallization of our Chinese culture. It is a part of our culture. If we abandon ancient Chinese, we can say that China has no culture to be proud of, just as it is a truth that Russians give up drinking. And why are our cultural habits different from those in Europe and America? That's because of the influence of ancient cultural heritage such as ancient prose. You should be proud. Ha ha. Ancient prose is also a kind of cultural accomplishment. We modern people learn it not only to inherit our predecessors, but also to improve our cultural quality! In order to optimize your knowledge structure, the so-called reference book, as its name implies, is also an auxiliary tool to master ancient Chinese. If someone tells a simple story, you have to rely on reference books to understand it. Hehe, don't you think? .
5. Why do you want to learn classical Chinese? Classical Chinese laid the foundation of our national vocabulary system. Until today, some classical Chinese words still exist in our language.
Learning classical Chinese will help us to understand our language more deeply and use it properly. Chinese should be a miracle in the history of language. After thousands of years, although its vocabulary system has changed, stability is still its remarkable feature.
Today, although we seldom use the word "Zhong Ming Shi Ding", we often use words like "full of voices" and "helping each other with all my strength". Although the utensil "Ding" has disappeared for a long time, the meaning it carries has settled down, and students in the third grade of primary school should use this word.
If he doesn't know what a tripod is, he won't understand the word "buzz" accurately, and of course he can't use it correctly. In addition, we often use the word "to the point". Many people only know that "Ken" means "key", but they may not know that this is not the original meaning of the word, but its metaphorical meaning.
If you have read Master Zhuangzi, you will know that "Ken" originally refers to "the place where bones and muscles meet", which is not easy to decompose when killing cattle. So when we use this word, we will consider its weight and will not misuse it.
Another example is the following sentence: "Pen, ink, paper and inkstone have not disappeared because of the current high-tech means, but continue to show the simplicity and agility of the Chinese nation in the art of calligraphy and painting." At first glance, this sentence is neat and concise, and the words are exquisite, which is commendable.
Actually, it is not. The original meaning of the word "hubbub" is that the army is chaotic, noisy and dusty.
Later, it was described that there was a lot of discussion about rumors. Now refers to a very arrogant and derogatory statement.
Let's take a look at it again: escape, mountain scenery, pledge, Yi Shi IKEA, my fair lady, alarmist, learning from the old and welcoming the new, eating ladybugs, loving people, a long way to go, knowing that it is impossible, losing family members, killing chickens without knives, carefree, blockbuster and bustling. Expression will no longer be a pain, but a wonderful enjoyment! In addition, vocabulary has scientific and associative significance. The scientific meaning is clear and fixed, while the associative meaning is implicit and temporary.
The issues discussed by Lin Geng in his essay On Konoha are worth pondering. The scientific meanings of "wood" and "leaf" have not changed much from Qu Yuan's "under the leaves of Dongting Lake" to "the leaves fall like the waves of a waterfall". However, the poet chose "konoha" and "fallen wood" from many combinations of words to form his works, because he took a fancy to their associative meanings.
Who can say that "Yang Liuan Morning Wind, Canyue" is just a bunch of scientific significance? Because of associative meaning, the use of language has moved from tools to art. Associative meaning is not an objective reflection of the real world, but an artistic pioneer of the poet's language expression function in a specific situation.
When we read those classic classical Chinese works, we can feel that the world of Chinese is so beautiful and charming after being carved by generations of Chinese descendants. The continuous precipitation of these associative meanings has formed colorful and profound images: when it comes to plum blossoms, it comes to lofty loneliness; Speaking of the moon, you will miss it; Speaking of willows, it will be sad to leave ... these images have condensed into cultural factors and flowed in our blood.
This is probably the essential feature that distinguishes China people from Americans, British people and French people. Read the famous modern prose: Moonlight on the Lotus Pond is elegant and quiet, with lotus fragrance and water. Autumn in the old capital deeply misses the countryside, desolate and deep ... which one is not an accurate inheritance of China cultural genes? Thirdly, in the historical evolution of ancient Chinese, its phonetic beauty was gradually discovered, which made the internal essence and external form of language highly harmonious. Throughout the development of ancient Chinese, from four-character poems to five-character poems, from Sao-style poems to Han Fu, from Han Fu to Tang poetry, Song Ci and Yuan Qu, every exploration of language forms has promoted a great leap in Chinese.
The perfection of rhetorical devices such as parallelism, antithesis and rhyme, and the patchwork of sentence patterns promote the perfect combination of prose and verse. Among the famous essays, Preface to Lanting Collection, Preface to Wang Tengting, Afanggong Fu and Chibi Fu are the best, which are the perfect combination of ideological content and language form.
When we got the Preface to Wang Teng-ting, we had the desire to read aloud, because not reading aloud was not enough to express our feelings for the work and our admiration for the text and the author. "As the old saying goes, a dead life is a fake birthday, and the destruction of Peng Qi is an illusion", "The sunset is lonely in Qi Fei, and the autumn waters are * * * one color", "I would rather be moved when I am old and strong; If you are poor, you will think about change, and you will not fall into the blue sky. ""The stars are ying ying, and the makeup mirror is open; Lv Yun is disturbing, combing in the morning and evening, nourishing and diverting gradually, and abandoning fat and water; The smoke is foggy and the pepper orchid is also burning; The thunder shook and the palace car passed; I don't know where it is when I hear it from afar. " "A drop in the ocean sends the ephemera to the ground."
What a clever use of the characteristics of Chinese syllables! This profound understanding of Chinese syllables is still difficult to compare with the application of modern Chinese.
As the essence of national culture, couplets developed from ancient poems give full play to the beauty of Chinese syllables, emphasizing antithesis and artistic conception. Couplets have not disappeared until now, but are in a state of decline.
During the Spring Festival, every household still hangs Spring Festival couplets, wedding couplets and funeral couplets. But the content is either outdated or superficial and straightforward, and there is no lasting appeal at all.
Now merchants have begun to give couplets in the Spring Festival, and it is often found that many families in a community stick the same couplets: "Happy and peaceful Spring Festival, smooth and peaceful celebration." As a result, couplets become more and more symbolic, and the cultural factors it carries will become less and less until it is lost.
Even in the college entrance examination, the so-called couplet "Raising pigs can make you rich" appeared! One day, people will see something written on every mouth.
6. Why do China people no longer use classical Chinese? It gradually became vernacular in the May 4th New Culture Movement 90 years ago. With the slogan of "advocating vernacular Chinese and opposing classical Chinese", New Youth set off a vigorous "literary revolution".
This "revolution" directly "revolutionized" the hard work of "classical Chinese" rooted in China for thousands of years, and the vernacular Chinese washed away the long-term "mistress status" of culture, and black powder appeared. At this point, the whole Chinese nation seems to be immersed in a carefree state of getting rid of the shackles of feudal culture. In fact, the dispute between classical Chinese and vernacular Chinese has a long history. New Youth is just one of the battles to rewrite the situation. What happened before New Youth? Why should New Youth be rewritten? How did it evolve afterwards? We might as well start from the beginning-1,the historical dispute between classical Chinese and vernacular Chinese, both of which are written in different ways.
Vernacular, white is spoken, and Chinese is spoken, which roughly means spoken language. "[1] The only difference between them is their closeness to spoken English.
In fact, both classical Chinese and vernacular Chinese are based on spoken language, but the so-called spoken language standards are different. Classical Chinese is the written language of ancient Chinese based on spoken language in the pre-Qin period, while vernacular Chinese is based on northern dialects since the Tang and Song Dynasties. What we are talking about now is developed on the basis of northern dialects since the Tang and Song Dynasties. No wonder we find vernacular Chinese easier to understand.
An important reason why "classical Chinese" was overthrown 90 years ago was that "the separation of language and writing hindered social progress". Here we need to discuss the emergence of this phenomenon from a historical perspective.
In the initial stage of the development of Chinese, language and writing were integrated, and those ancient Chinese classics that now make people feel abstruse and obscure were actually vernacular works at that time. For example, in the Book of Songs, we know that "wind" is mostly folk songs, and it is certain that many of them are written directly with the mouth.
Another example is the Analects of Confucius, which is a quotation of Confucius, and its relationship with spoken language is self-evident. Due to the historical changes, people's spoken language has changed in daily communication, but the written language has remained unchanged, so that since the Six Dynasties, there have been obvious signs of separation between classical Chinese and spoken language.
However, because Chinese characters belong to ideographic characters, the difference in pronunciation does not hinder people's understanding in reading, so the inconsistency between language and writing has not attracted enough attention. At the same time, because the ancient books of the pre-Qin and Han dynasties were written in classical Chinese, and these works were the source of China culture, later generations of scholars consciously insisted on an archaized writing method, which artificially aggravated the inconsistency between words and characters, and finally formed the long-term inconsistency between China words and characters.
During this period, vernacular Chinese actually showed its existence everywhere. From Shi Shuo Xin Yu and Yan Jia Xun to Dunhuang Bianwen, Tang and Song quotations, Song and Yuan plays, Ming and Qing novels, a large number of vernacular works have been produced in every dynasty and generation. Unfortunately, it failed to shake the dominant position of classical Chinese, and most of them can only be seen in the folk. Although aggrieved, they can't escape the fate of Fannie and Freddie.
[2] All this was not reversed until the late Qing Dynasty. At that time, the national situation was not good, and China people first wavered in their cultural self-confidence, which was the premise and fundamental reason for the cultural changes in China in the future.
It is this mentality that makes China people put tradition in the dock for the first time and count its crimes. As the main carrier of traditional culture, classical Chinese is bound to bear the brunt of the impact [3]. So Huang Zunxian wanted to "write my mouth by hand", while Qiu advocated "respecting vernacular Chinese and abandoning classical Chinese", which started the vernacular movement.
19 17 the new culture movement and the vernacular movement were pushed to the extreme. In June, 5438+in the same year 10, Hu Shi published "My humble opinion on literary improvement" in New Youth, arguing that "vernacular literature is the authentic literature of China", advocating the use of vernacular instead of classical Chinese, and proposing that writing articles should be fluent, free from allusions, rhetoric, antithesis and common sayings, pay attention to grammar, and have substance in words.
Chen Duxiu also published "On Literary Revolution" in February, echoing Hu Shi's "Eight Propositions" with "Three Principles". This tandem can be said to have really opened the curtain of this vigorous Cultural Revolution.
19 18 all the articles in "new youth" were written in vernacular Chinese, and then various vernacular magazines such as trendy and weekly review were published like mushrooms after rain, and vernacular Chinese became a common practice. 1920 In September, the Ministry of Education ordered schools across the country to use Putonghua for one or two years from this fall.
At this point, the vernacular Chinese has achieved an officially recognized legal status. Looking back on this period of history, I always feel that the situation of the thousand-year dispute between classical Chinese and vernacular Chinese has suddenly turned around. For thousands of years, the authentic status of classical Chinese seems to be subverted overnight, and the classical Chinese, once a status symbol, seems to be a remnant of feudal culture overnight, which is the chief culprit hindering national progress.
The vernacular Chinese, honed for thousands of years, finally got rid of the shadow of "Fannie and Freddie" and stood in the center of China cultural stage. Although the pace of going to this center is a little hasty and lost, it is a positive result after all. What caused the Millennium Campaign to rewrite the situation in a hurry? 2. In the New Culture Movement, classical Chinese and vernacular Chinese were defeated in the New Culture Movement. The reasons are as follows: (1) China people's sense of crisis. The reason why classical Chinese can last for thousands of years is, to some extent, because the Chinese nation has flourished in the world for thousands of years.
This prosperity has created China people's admiration and trust for China traditional culture with classical Chinese as the carrier. However, after the late Qing Dynasty, the national strength gradually declined, and the self-confidence of the once proud China people was shaken, the first of which was the cultural self-confidence.
I couldn't figure out the reason of "sudden weakness", so I put all my grievances on tradition. Driven by this mentality, tradition is no longer regarded as a treasure, but has become the object of attack. As the main carrier of traditional culture, classical Chinese is bound to bear the brunt of the impact.
It can be said that the darkness of society, the peril of the nation and the weakness of the country have created the crisis consciousness of that generation, and the irrationalization of this crisis consciousness has formed the so-called concept, that is, "cultural backwardness." The formation of this concept inspired Huang Zunxian to "write my mouth by hand", while Qiu claimed to "worship vernacular Chinese".