The main technical points are as follows:
1, fertilization Peach branches grow rapidly, the fruit development period is short, and fertilization should be timely and reasonable. Fertilization in spring mainly refers to fertilization before germination, and the fertilization time should not exceed the end of February, so it should be applied early.
Fertilization method: Dig 2-3 fertilization pits under the tree crown near the root distribution area, mix the organic fertilizer with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, then apply it, and cover the soil in time after application. In case of drought and rain before germination, manure should be lightly irrigated to prevent drought, drainage and waterlogging.
2. Prevent physiological fruit drop. Physiological fruit drop is an important problem in the growth of peach trees, especially in rainy conditions.
There are three stages of physiological fruit drop of peach trees: the first stage occurs after flowering, which is mainly caused by incomplete development of pistil and pollen and poor pollination; The second stage is in the young fruit stage, which is mainly caused by poor nutrition supply of trees; The third stage is the hard core stage, which is mainly caused by the competition between new shoots and fruits for nutrients and water. Also pay attention to factors such as pests and diseases.
Extended data:
Peach tree management should pay attention to pest control, water and fertilizer management and pruning. Management is divided into dormancy period, pre-germination period, flowering period, young fruit period, hard core period, fruit expansion period and mature period. Base fertilizer should be applied in September and watered immediately after fertilization.
period of dormancy
During the dormancy period of fruit trees from February to February in/kloc-0, the main diseases were gummosis, rot and dry rot. Prevention and treatment method: stick the diseased spots on the rotten kang twice. Winter pruning: according to different tree standards, long branches, cross branches, overlapping branches, non-flowering branches, etc. The branches should be thinned in time, and the fruit branches should be selected and kept reasonably, and the long pruning method should be adopted to prevent the fruit branches from being cut short. According to the growth space, properly handle the extension heads of each main branch.
Germination accelerating period
Before the flower buds germinated in March, the main pests and diseases were gummosis, lobular disease and scale insects. Control method: Shengli 10000 times+Shakexi 1500 times+500 times of high-purity zinc. Water and fertilizer management: nitrogen fertilizer is the main fertilizer for germination and topdressing, and 2-3 kg urea is applied to each tree. After fertilization, the germination water is thoroughly watered in time. Construction: Bud smearing: Bud smearing before and after flowering, wiping off the leaf buds, double buds, triple buds, scissors and saws with no flowers on the back, and wiping off the buds with improper growth direction.
florescence
In April, the dew is red or the flowers fall by about 70%. Main pests and diseases: perforation, anthracnose, scab, aphid, scarab. Control method: Formula 1: Wunong carbendazim suspension concentrate 1000 times+10% thorough cleaning 2000 times+head work 2000 times+high purity calcium 1000 times+high purity boron 1000 times. Water and fertilizer management: timely topdressing peach trees to supplement nutrition, urea 1-2 kg per plant, watering immediately after fertilization.
Young fruit stage
Young fruit period in May. Main pests and diseases: leaf shrinkage, anthracnose, scab, brown rot, aphid, leaf roller moth, fruit eater. Formula: Shengli 15000 times +25% cleaning 4000 times+Yifan 5.7% emamectin benzoate 10000 times+explosive power 2000 times+high purity calcium 1000 times.
Hard core stage
The hard core period is from the end of May to the beginning of June. Main pests and diseases: perforation, anthracnose, scab, fruit eater and leaf roller moth. Control method: Formula: Ye Diao 1000 times+Taoxiaoshensha 1500 times+Explosive power 2000 times+High purity calcium 1000 times. Water and fertilizer management: before the fruit expansion period, topdressing and watering the middle-early and middle-mature varieties, and applying 3-4 kg NPK compound fertilizer per mu. Pruning in May: thinning the branches that don't bear fruit, retracting the long but fruitless branches, smearing the peach garden in time, thinning out too many tender branches, and pinching off the leafy branches.
Fruit expansion stage
The fruit expansion period is from mid-June to the end of June. Main pests and diseases: perforation, anthracnose, scab, brown rot, red spider, Spodoptera litura, and fruit eater. Control method: Formula: 2000 times dicuron+10000 times emamectin benzoate +2000 times explosive power+1000 times rapid expansion +65438 times high-purity calcium +0000 times +800 times adriamycin. Pruning: thinning out overgrown and uncontrollable branches; Leave 1 ~ 2 secondary branches for pruning branches that grow too high, and leave 10cm for pruning branches without secondary branches, and remove branches that are too dense to improve ventilation and light transmission conditions.
mature period
The fruit ripens in July. Main pests and diseases: brown rot, anthracnose, scab, red spider, Spodoptera litura and fruit eater. Formula: Yifan 5.7% emamectin benzoate 10000 times+explosive power 2000 times+rapid expansion 1000 times+high purity calcium 1000 times+erythrocin 800 times. Note: Calcium is added to prevent peaches from softening.
basic application
Basic fertilizer application in September: organic fertilizer is used as the main basic fertilizer, and 3-5 cubic meters of high-quality chicken manure, pig manure and stable manure are applied per mu, and 6-8 kilograms of ternary compound fertilizer is applied to each tree, and water is immediately applied after fertilization.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Peach Tree Management