The explanation of Chen Tai Ji Chuan.

"Extensive reading" can be understood as general reading or quick browsing. On this basis, we can understand the general situation and characteristics of the book and obtain information whether it is worth intensive reading and research.

The original illustration of Chen's Taiji Biography is divided into four volumes: Volume I, Volume II and Volume II. In the subsequent piracy and reprint, some combined four volumes into one. The content of this book can be summarized into four parts:

One is Chen taiji's biography of practicing 64 potential. This part takes up the most space and is the main content of the first, second and third volumes.

The second is Tai Ji Chuan's basic theory. This part not only includes four pictures and texts showing the integration of Tai Ji Chuan and Yijing, as well as 65,438+065,438+0 Tai Ji Chuan papers such as Tai Ji Chuan Classic, but also includes boxing theory and tactics scattered in 64 potential exercises.

Third, the cultural foundation of Tai Ji Chuan. This part mainly focuses on the frontispiece, including 40 pictures and texts introducing the knowledge of Zhouyi, and 12 introduces the atlas and songs of human meridians and acupoints.

Fourthly, it expounds the development of Chen's Tai Ji Chuan and people's comments on Chen's Tai Ji Chuan. Including the inscription and postscript of Taiji Biography by Chen in Xiping, Henan, the Preface by Li Shican, a neighbor of Wei Huiji in wen county, and the Preface by Du He. The appendix contains the third volume of Chen Jiacheng (excerpted from Chen Hou), biography, biography of Chen Zhonggan, epitaph of wen county Chen Jun, postscript and postscript of Liu Huandong, as well as Du's narrative of Shanxi Teachers' Learning Song, which Qin Yangdu (Wan Yu) added in the name of subscribers.

Through extensive reading, we find that Commentary on Chen's Tai Ji Chuan is a monograph that comprehensively introduces the history, theory, technology and related knowledge of Chen's Tai Ji Chuan. The book has the characteristics of illustrations, blending of technology and theory, entertaining and widely used.

The first feature of Chen Tai Ji Chuan's illustrations is their meticulous illustrations. The book shows the contents of the whole book in the form of illustrations. When I wrote Yi, I was related to Yi. When introducing meridians and acupoints, meridian diagrams and songs are acceptable. There are not only the overall posture diagram, but also the upper limb diagram, lower limb diagram, step diagram, fitness machine diagram, internal gas diagram, silk winding diagram, internal strength diagram and so on. Moreover, not only each picture is accompanied by a corresponding caption, but also the caption is connected with a certain part of the body by lines, which explains the main points of exercise of various parts of the body in a targeted manner. In this way, the boxing potential diagram is clear and subtle, and the boxing theory analysis is simple. From this detailed illustration, we can see that the author is eager for readers to understand and learn.

The blending of technology and theory is the second feature of Chen Tai Ji Chuan's explanation. In the preface, this book collects the author's Tai Ji Chuan papers, and introduces that the knowledge of Yi-li and meridians of traditional Chinese medicine is the cultural foundation of Tai Ji Chuan. However, in the explanation corresponding to the boxing potential, a large number of instructive boxing theories and related traditional cultural knowledge appeared.

For example, when explaining "The First Potential King Kong Tamping Clams", after describing the external skill movement method, internal skill operation method, the attack and defense function of the movement, and the posture essentials of various parts of the body, the author discussed the general principles of Yin and Yang in Tai Ji Chuan's movements with the title of "General Theory", pointing out that "only when the five yin and yang are combined and the yin and yang are not biased, can it be called a wonderful hand." Then, with the image of Gan Kun as the topic, the laws of Yin and Yang in sports are explained by "Gan Jian Kun Shun" and "Yin and Yang combine virtue". Its moire says, "When it is quiet, there are yin and yang, and there are no traces to be found. Its movements seem soft, but they are actually stiff; It seems to be the most rigid, but it is actually the softest. There are both yin and yang, which means that yin and yang are combined into one. " Subsequently, five "seven-character slang" were used to further describe the requirements of practicing "diamond crushing". Finally, the position of Baihui point and other points that should be paid attention to when practicing this boxing potential is pointed out. In addition, the commentary also contains some common sense of martial arts. For example, in moral education, it is emphasized that "boxing is also a way of self-cultivation and self-defense." You should "salute" and "respect peace, and then learn to play Tai Chi Chuan." In the choice of practice site and orientation, it is pointed out that "boxing always takes the potential first, and it is not necessary to hold a certain orientation without determining the direction." In the aspect of perseverance in practice, he put forward the practice requirement of "boxing 10 thousand times to show the true spirit" The interpretation of other potentials also follows this general format. It can be seen from this writing method that technology and theory blend, the author tries to guide readers to learn Tai Ji Chuan well under the guidance of theory, practice Tai Ji Chuan well under the inspiration of China traditional culture, and broaden Tai Ji Chuan's exercise value.

The third feature of Chen's illustrations in Taiji Zhuan is to show formulas. When the author expounds Tai Ji Chuan's theory and reveals Tai Ji Chuan's technical essentials, he usually uses songs, rhymes and slang to express it. For example, Tai Ji Chuan's Classic Score of Tai Ji Chuan and Boxing Score of Tai Ji Chuan, which rank first in theory, are papers written in four sentences. The introduction of Taiji Zhuan is a seven-character poem. The essence of pushing hands is summed up in two seven-character songs. In the explanation of various potential exercises, slang words of four words, five words, seven words or long and short sentences are also conclusions. These catchy songs are easy for readers to read and remember. At the same time, it also helps readers to understand Tai Ji Chuan's techniques, practices and functions with the help of these lyrics.

Widespread application is the fourth characteristic of Chen's illustration of Tai Ji Chuan. Tai Ji Chuan illustrated by Chen contains a lot of knowledge, and a good fighter can be "beneficial to open books".

As a monograph and masterpiece of Chen Shi and Tai Ji Chuan, this book is specially for practitioners in Tai Ji Chuan, Chen Shi, so as to quickly understand the whole story and general situation of this boxing system and master its technical know-how. People who practice other styles or multi-modal Tai Ji Chuan can deepen their understanding of Tai Ji Chuan's sexual characteristics and basic laws, and also find out the similarities and differences between Chen Tai Ji Chuan and other Tai Ji Chuan styles, so as to develop the personality characteristics of other styles on the basis of maintaining the basic elements of Tai Ji Chuan. Even the practitioners of other martial arts boxing, as well as the vast number of martial arts researchers and enthusiasts, can also "benefit a lot." First of all, we can use this book to learn about Chen Taiji's biography and absorb the essence to enrich what we have learned. Secondly, we can learn from and imitate the compilation style and expression method of Chen's Taiji Zhuan Zhu, so as to improve our knowledge. Thirdly, we can compare and read Chen's explanation of Tai Ji Chuan from the perspective of Wushu as a whole or a certain kind of boxing, so as to gain more understanding and broaden our horizons. Intensive reading can be understood as serious reading and repeated reading. Through intensive reading, you can understand, read, read and even get its essence. In other words, in order to understand this four-volume masterpiece, we must spend time and energy on intensive reading. To get the essence of the book, you must read it intensively. In order to get the essence of a part, we must read it intensively. Anyway. We should adopt different intensive reading methods according to different reading purposes.

The most popular method of intensive reading is to read bit by bit in the order of the original book. Look at one before looking at the next. Learn one situation and then learn the next. Read the whole book step by step and understand the whole book.

Classified reading based on extensive reading is another method of intensive reading. According to the author's classification of the contents of this book in the last article, we can concentrate on learning boxing first, and gradually learn the whole set of movements according to Chen Taiji's biography of 64 potential diagrams in the book. Then, reread the technical theory of each gesture, strictly abide by the technical standards of each gesture, and master the action essentials of similar actions. Then, concentrate on reading Tai Ji Chuan's papers, and generally use Tai Ji Chuan Theory to guide study and practice. Finally, read Tai Ji Chuan's relevant cultural knowledge and historical context to deepen the understanding of Tai Ji Chuan's theory and technology.

Mr. Gu has done a lot of sorting and intensive reading on the technical content of Chen's Commentary on Tai Ji Chuan, and achieved remarkable results, which is exemplary. In Gu and Shen's Biography of Chen Taiji? chapter five

The first paragraph of Chen Shi and Tai Ji Chuan's Theory of Boxing wrote: "The author (Gu) has always loved Tai Ji Chuan, and his research is poor, so he classified and extracted the theory of boxing from several books for reference and consideration when practicing boxing."

Gu classified the references to posture requirements of various parts of the body in Tai Ji Chuan's exercise as 19 orders. This 19 is: head, eyes, ears, nose and mouth, neck, hands, fists, abdomen, waist, back, hips, feet, joints, 13, plus top, shoulders, elbows, chest, hips and knees.

Gu classified the boxing theory of Tai Ji Chuan's movement principle into 13 category. 13' s class name is: keep your mind still, stand upright and move with your mind; Turn on and off virtual reality and breathe naturally; Light and round, full of gas; Winding movement, relaxing meridians; Up and down, inside and out; Through it, the potential is the same; Deficiency of the collar is strong, and qi sinks in the abdomen; Chest pull back, shoulders sink, elbows droop; Soft luck makes a strong man, combining rigidity with softness; Slow first and then fast, fast and slow; Run and jump up and down; Soft and hard, a god is walking; Cultivate the essence, study hard and practice hard.

Gu also classified Tai Ji Chuan's palm (tui) boxing theory into two pieces: Palm Collection, Sixteen Palm Orders, Thirty-six Palm Diseases and Palm.

Mr. Gu's classification, cataloging and intensive reading methods are worth learning.

On the basis of extensive reading, it is also an important method in the process of intensive reading to select the corresponding content according to the progress and problems encountered in boxing practice. If you read it this way, you can often get solutions and enlightenment from the book and get immediate results. Why are there appendices at the end of Taiji Zhuan Tu Shuo and Du Fu's Biography of Songs by Jin Teachers?

According to the inquiry, there are four pieces of information that can help to dispel doubts:

The first is Du (1869- 1938), a native of Qinyang, Henan. 1905 (thirty-one year of Guangxu in Qing dynasty) to 19 10, Xixinzhuang in Wenxian county was hired as a teacher in Changchun and studied in Tai Ji Chuan. 193 1 year later, Du took teaching Tai Ji Chuan as his career in Kaifeng, Henan. 1May, 935, The True Story of Taiji compiled by Du Fu was published. Du in authentic Tai Ji Chuan? "The Biography of Taiji Back to the Book" said: "The first division, Jiang ... studied under Wang Xiquan of Taigu County, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province." Therefore, the word "Shanxi's apprentice" in Du Fu's biography of Shanxi's apprentice Jiang Fazhuan is "Wang Linzhen".

Secondly, according to 19 15, the Collection of Zhongzhou Documents and the Biography of Zhongzhou Sages? Good? According to Chen Zhonggan, among the Chen fighters in Chenjiagou, Chen Zhonggan's skill is the best. "... Chen Zhonggan scholars are not as good as Chen Huamei,,, Yuan,,, Ren Changchun. "

Chen Zhonggan is the father of the author of Illustration of Chen's Tai Ji Chuan. Accordingly, Du ()' s boxing under Ren Changchun should be Chen-style Tai Ji Chuan.

Thirdly, when the bookstore published "Illustration of Chen Tai Ji Chuan" in 1933, the author (1849- 1929) had died for four years. According to Chen Shaodong's account (ed.), Du Zai, who taught boxing in Kaifeng at that time, privately attached the article "Du's Account of Teacher's Biography" to the end of the book when his subscribers left and were sealed back to Chenjiagou, Wenxian County. It can be seen that the article "Du's Narration of Passing on Shaanxi Teachers' Songs" has nothing to do with the original text, author, editor and subscribers.

Fourth,1April 1937, Zhong Zheng Bookstore published two books, namely, Xu Zhen's monograph "Taidong Distinguishing Fakes" and "A New Record of Taiji Biography" (word, 1898- 1967).

The researcher who is a professor of Chinese studies at Nanjing Central University and has made great achievements in the textual research of Tai Ji Chuan's history, wrote in "Tai Ji Chuan's Spectrum Discrimination? As for Du's account of passing on the songs of Jin teachers, he wrote: "Besides, this article is at the end of the appendix of Chen Xinpinsan's Biography of Chen Taiji. Except for the first four four-character rhymes and the last four seven-character rhymes, all the others are in Wu Yuxiang. There is no doubt that Yang Quan's score was forged after it was circulated. "

Is Xu Zhen still in the Record of Taiji Biography and Examination? In the volume? The 18th Mistake of Du Wu wrote: "I wrote a biography of Taiji, and Du added a verse at the end. It is said that it was taught by a Shanxi teacher, that is, Wu ()' s article "One move should be light and light". However, this article is divided into four sections, each with seven words and one sentence. There is always a four-character rhyme in front of it:' The bones and muscles should be loose, the fur should be attacked, and the spirit should be moderate. I tried to ask Chen and said,' This is one of Yang's university schools. Scholars copied it and embellished it. It's not Chen's own. Du is a modern man, and he has never explored his life experience. "Chen this is very. This article was clearly written by Wu Yuxiang. I also prepared evidence before that Jiang Fa was educated in Shaanxi, which is obviously false. "

At this point, "learning problem one" seems to be clear. The author believes that there are still problems that need further study. Ru Du said that this rhyme originated from Wang Linzhen in Shanxi, but he had never heard of a "Wang Linzhen" in Shanxi before Du Yu 1935 compiled Authentic Taiji Biography. In recent years, some people say that Wang Linzhen of Shanxi is Wang Zongyue on the right side of the mountain. It is also said that Wang Zongyue Shanyou is Wang Anzong of Xi, a descendant of the family boxing in the Ming Dynasty. Is Wang Linzhen Wang Zongyue? Is Wang Zongzong? Does Wang Zongyue really exist? These are all problems to be studied. According to Xu Zhenkao, the basic content of Du's so-called Shanxi Teacher Biography songs was copied from Wu Yuxiang. So, what is the relationship between Wu Yuxiang's Taiji Biography and Chen's Taiji Biography? What does Chen Tai Ji Chuan have to do with other Tai Ji Chuan?

Among the relevant documents consulted by the author, the book Tai Ji Chuan Textbook published by Mr. Chen (189 1- 1967), who actively supported the publication of Chen's Illustration of Tai Ji Chuan, is worth reading.

Mr. Chen is from Xiping, Henan. He has been practicing martial arts since childhood. As early as 1920, he initiated the establishment of the "Juvenile Reform Association" in Kaifeng, Henan Province, and advocated martial arts. Subsequently, he served as the first curator of Henan Wushu Museum; Then, he was hired as the deputy director of Nanjing Central Wushu Museum. 1940- 1944 was appointed as the director of the Chinese Editorial Committee of the Ministry of Education and Military Training of the Republic of China, and organized the compilation of Chinese textbooks. Mr. Chen, who devoted his life to "water conservancy, party affairs, education and martial arts", published Tai Ji Chuan textbooks in his later years. Preface "wrote:

"I learned Shaolin from my late father at an early age. In the early years of the Republic of China, I studied under Mr. and Mr. Liu; Learn gossip from Tong and Cheng Haiting; Learn from Wu, Yang Shaohou, Ji Zixiu and Tai Ji Chuan. 19 16 and 19 17, he returned to Chenjiagou, wen county, Henan Province, to study Chen Jia and Tai Ji Chuan.

Tai Ji Chuan is very popular in China, including the Yang family, the Wu family and the Hao family. Wu's Taiji originated from Yang's family; Hao Jiazhi's Tai Chi comes from Wu Jia; Tai Ji Chuan of the Yang family and the Wu family was handed down from Chenjiagou in wen county, Henan Province, so Chenjiagou is the birthplace of modern Tai Ji Chuan. "

In his book The Textbook of Taiji Biography? The "General" part emphasizes once again: "Taiji is now spread from the Yang family, the Wu family, the Wu family and the Hao family. Hao family comes from Wu family, Wu family comes from Yang family; Both the Yang family and the Wu family are Chen family members. It can be said that Tai Ji Chuan, who is studying and practicing now, was taught by Chenjiagou in wen county, Henan. But who did Chenjiagou Tai Ji Chuan come from? It is still difficult to find conclusive evidence.

……

The origin and development of Tai Ji Chuan is difficult to research today, but it originated from Chenjiagou, which is recognized by people who practice Tai Ji Chuan today. "

From the conclusion of Mr. Chen's investigation on the origin and development of Tai Ji Chuan, we can see not only the concise answer to "research question 2", but also the author's academic attitude of respecting "what * * * knows is recognized" and paying attention to "conclusive evidence", and even more the problems left by the author for readers to think and study.

According to Mr. Chen's meaning, who wrote Chen Jiagou Taiji Biography? It is still difficult to find conclusive evidence. It seems that it can be understood as: "It is still difficult to find definitive evidence" to prove that Taiji Chuan did not originate from Chenjiagou. Then it should be said that "only it (Tai Ji Chuan) was handed down from Chenjiagou, which is recognized by people who practice Tai Ji Chuan today." In order to understand and strengthen the unity of the Tai Ji Chuan community, while Qi Xin promotes the all-round development of Tai Ji Chuan, * * * will advance together with improvement.

Considering Mr. Chen's research results in the background of Tai Ji Chuan research, Mr. Tang Hao (1897- 1959) is one step ahead of Mr. Chen in researching the origin of Tai Ji Chuan. On the premise that there is no "conclusive evidence" to prove that Tai Ji Chuan did not originate from Chenjiagou, Tang Hao integrated the research obtained from field investigation, literature research and boxing research, and positioned "from" to the height of "from". This pioneer, who devoted his life to the study of China Wushu history, put forward the textual research conclusion that Tai Ji Chuan originated in Chenjiagou in 1930, and clearly pointed out that "Tai Ji Chuan was founded in Chen". By 1964, People's Sports Publishing House had published Gu's book Tai Ji Chuan Studies. This book was approved by Chinese Wushu Association 1992 and included in the Theory Department of China Wushu Library. The first chapter of this book.

A Brief History of the Origin and Development of Tai Ji Chuan once again demonstrates Mr. Tang Hao's textual research conclusion in 1930.

Academic research is endless. Post-scholars should rely on the previous research results and conduct in-depth research on the basis of the previous research results, so as to make some discoveries and achievements and promote the scientific process of Wushu. Questioning the previous research results is also a way to conduct in-depth research on the basis of previous research results. Mr. Chen's so-called "finding conclusive evidence" is the basis of questioning. Finding "conclusive evidence" that predecessors failed to grasp or attach importance to is discovery. Whether it is used to question the overall conclusion or minor issues of the original results, it will contribute to academic development and discipline improvement. The key is to "find conclusive evidence". The quality of a book is related to the author's accomplishment and writing purpose. What are the attainments and writing purposes of the author of Chen's Taiji Illustration in Taiji Illustration?

The original author of Chen's Tai Ji Chuan Spectrum is from Chen's family in Chenjiagou, wen county, Henan Province, which is famous for its family history in Tai Ji Chuan. His grandfather Chen Youheng and his uncle Chen Youben are both good at boxing. His father, Chen Zhonggan (later renamed as "Yingyi" after public discussion), was persistent and biographical, and was the "most capable" at that time. In the same year, Xi 'an played a great role in the Cold War many times. According to records, Chen Xin also fought his father in Tongzhi for six years and won. The above details are recorded in Chronicle of Zhongzhou Literature, Biography of Sages in Zhongzhou and Li Shangjie's Diary of Li Wenqing.

Chen Xin said in "Introduction": Growing up in such an environment, "there are fewer and fewer waiters, and they are steaming for a long time. Stealing is a glimpse of art. Although I didn't pass the Buddhism-Chinese Samadha, all I got was branches and leaves. Among them, the wonderful cycle is also interesting. " In Chen Xin's modest words, we can see that Chen Xin practiced Tai Ji Chuan with his father since childhood, and not only mastered the skills, but also realized the "mystery".

When making illustrations for Chen Tai Ji Chuan, he was not confined to what he had learned. He also made full use of Chen's boxing experience and various boxing scores as writing materials.

Chen Jifu, a relative of the Chen family, wrote in Taiji Zhuan Chen: The Preface says: "Yu Cong's ancestral home is Ji San, and he is a tribute student in A Qing. He was personally handed down by a gentleman, and he achieved a lot. Collect the true solutions of boxing in the past dynasties, carefully research and use them for your own use, compile four volumes of true solutions, and attach martial arts acrobatics. "

Zhang Jiamou's Epitaph of wen county Chen Jun in Nanyang carved a stone cloud: "Jun, you should be a son. I'm afraid of Xin, word three, I'm a tribute. Inheriting his first ambition, taking boxing classics and drawing a comprehensive group spectrum are rooted in Yi. "

The preface to Du Yan's Illustration of Chen's Tai Ji Chuan says: "Mr. Chen Pinsan, the philosopher and heir of Mr. Ying Yi, is a master of boxing, with profound theory and accumulated decades of experience, and has written a book Illustration of Tai Ji Chuan." It's early summer now, and there are more than enough people, so I have to float on my temples. I am eighty years old. It is not limited to words, but its opening and closing in the flexion and extension of boxing, that is, the principle of yin and yang combination, has been repeatedly stated and tirelessly pursued for details. It can be said that it has never been seen before. "

In the interpretation of Chen Tai Ji Chuan, his "repeatedly stating and never taking pains" is related to his writing purpose. From the preface of this book, we can see that its purpose is twofold.

First, I am afraid of losing my family business and writing for the people.

Chen Xin said in Preface: "I don't know what I said in the previous legislation, but I want to attack the hardships of my predecessors for 60 years so as not to be submerged. It won't be handed down from the family of the sixteenth ancestor, but it will be broken when it comes to me. ..... It's ok to pass a book at home, and it will make one of the families laugh when it is spread to the world. "

Zheng Jichuan's Introduction to Taiji said: "My friend Pinsan is the philosopher and heir of Mr. Ying Yi, who inherited Mr. Ying Yi's family studies, saying that the first adult has been sweating for sixty years, and Xin continued to talk for twenty years, and his heart is hand-painted. It was set as four volumes and kept in Chen's home. I'm going to pull it out today and make another one. I am afraid it will be submerged for a long time. " (See Chen Zaitai Chi Biography)

Family Ride was originally written for our own people. The original intention of writing "In the Chen Family" is very clear.

Second, for fear of confusing technical standards, it is written in order to maintain the "true biography".

Chen Xin said in the preface: "I am afraid of time series deviation, and I can't wait;" I am afraid that I will be separated from other families and lose my true biography. "

For the above two points, Chen Xin "studies in his spare time, eager to make micro-analysis, and is well informed." It took twelve years for his book to be written from Guangxu Wushen (1908) to the Republic of China B Wei (19 19). I am anxious to write a short story, although I dare not relax in June. "(see Introduction to Illustrations of Chen Taiji Biography). After this book was written, Chen Xin copied many volumes. From the prefaces written for Chen Xin by different authors in different periods, we can see the manuscripts with different titles, including four volumes of true biography of Tai Ji Chuan, four volumes of atlas of Tai Ji Chuan, four volumes of pictures of Tai Ji Chuan and four volumes of illustrations of Tai Ji Chuan (see Chen Jifu's Biography of Chen Taiji in Hui Zong and Chen Xin's Biography of Chen Taiji in Illustration). The name "Illustration of Chen's Tai Ji Chuan" was recognized by later generations when the original was officially published in 1933.

As far as these titles are concerned, there is another question worth studying: Why didn't the word "Chen" appear before the titles of manuscripts in the early 20th century? 1930s, 1933, but later generations added the word "Chen" to the title for printing and publication.

In view of space and time, this issue and other related issues will not be analyzed one by one.

From the above cited materials, we can see that Chen's Commentary on Tai Ji Chuan comprehensively summarizes the historical records and practical experience accumulated by several generations and is the crystallization of lifelong efforts. No matter from the role of Chen Shi Tai Ji Chuan in the development of Tai Ji Chuan, his martial arts experience, writing purpose and effort, or from the boxing theory, boxing skills and secrets revealed by Chen Shi Tai Ji Chuan, this book is a boxing classic worthy of extensive reading, intensive reading and research, and even worth reading and collecting. Frontal part

Inscription of Taiji Chuanlu

Preface 1

Foreword 2

foreword

Precautions for using books/guides

Infinite graph

Maximum/maximum limit diagram

River map theory

Luo Shu Shuo

Fuxi gossip orientation map

On the Orientation Map of Wang Wen's Eight Diagrams

On Eight Diagrams of Taiji Students' Two Devices and Four Images