Knowledge of diet therapy. Significance of dietotherapy: 1. Since ancient times, there has been a saying that "medicine is in food" and "medicine and food are homologous". As the name implies, "diet therapy" means diet therapy or diet therapy. According to people's different constitutions or different diseases, foods with certain health care or therapeutic effects are selected, and after reasonable cooking and processing, they become delicious foods with certain color, fragrance, taste and shape. "Dietotherapy" is not only delicious food, but also has the functions of health preservation, disease prevention and treatment, eating health and prolonging life. Our ancestors combined "dietotherapy for health" with "prevention and treatment", which can nourish and cure diseases, and created "China dietotherapy". "Dietotherapy" can be called chinese odyssey, and it is a pearl in the scientific and cultural heritage of the Chinese nation. Dietotherapy has a long history. Confucius was born in 55 1-479 BC at the age of 72. Few people lived to be over 70 years old more than two thousand years ago. Confucius' longevity is inseparable from his diet. The Analects of Confucius records that "food is not tired of essence, food is not tired of freshness, food is hungry, fish is hungry, food is inedible, food is inedible, food is inedible, food is inedible." These words mean not to eat food that has gone bad for a long time, fish and other rotten dishes, dishes that are not beautiful in color and taste bad, do not pay attention to cooking, and do not eat until dinner time. Warn people to pay attention to the way of health preservation, pay attention to food hygiene, and don't be stingy with excessive eating and drinking. Confucius' concept of diet has a far-reaching influence on the "diet culture" of the Chinese nation, which is the basis of the development of dietotherapy in China and a great contribution to the prosperity of the nation and social and economic development. Sun Simiao was a famous doctor in the Tang Dynasty. He was born in 58 1-682 and his age is 10 1. In his book Qian Jin Fang, he said: If you want to cure it, you should first take diet therapy, and then you should take medicine. It can be seen how much our ancestors paid attention to dietotherapy, and how popular dietotherapy was in ancient times! 3. Dietotherapy in China has been gradually combined with modern nutritional therapy, becoming a new practical medical science. Not only is it popular in China, but it also spreads all over the world, which makes countries amazed and follow suit. In recent years, there has been a "China dietotherapy fever" all over the country. Second, the "four natures" and "five flavors" of food: In ancient China, there was a saying that medicine and food were homologous. Many foods are medicines, and there is no absolute dividing line between them. Ancient doctors applied the theory of "four natures" and "five flavors" of traditional Chinese medicine to food, and thought that every food also had "four natures" and "five flavors". 1 and "four natures" are also called four qi, namely cold, hot, warm and cool. Cold food can clear away heat, purge fire and detoxify, such as chrysanthemum tea, mung bean soup, watermelon soup and lotus leaf porridge. In hot summer, it can clear away heat, relieve summer heat, promote fluid production and quench thirst. Warm food can play a role in warming the middle and dispelling cold, such as ginger, onion, garlic and other foods in severe winter, dog meat, mutton and so on. It can dispel cold and help yang, strengthen spleen and stomach, and make up deficiency. In addition to the "four natures" of food, there are also "flat" foods with peaceful nature, such as cereal rice, wheat and beans. 2. "Five flavors": pungent, sweet, sour, bitter and salty. The nature and taste of food are different, and the effect on human body is obviously different. Such as: spicy food: dispelling wind and cold, relaxing muscles and tendons, promoting blood circulation, promoting qi circulation and relieving pain, such as: ginger, sweating and relieving exterior syndrome, invigorating stomach and promoting digestion. Pepper warms the stomach and eliminates cold and dampness. Leek, removing blood stasis and dissipating stagnation, warming the middle and benefiting qi. Green onions, published to drive away the cold. Sweet food: nourishing the body, relieving spasm and harmonizing sexual taste. Such as: white sugar, spleen, lungs, and body fluid. Brown sugar, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. Rock sugar, phlegm and cough. Honey, spleen and stomach, heat and detoxification. Jujube strengthens the spleen and nourishes yin. Sour food: it can astringe, stimulate appetite, strengthen spleen and stimulate appetite. Such as: rice vinegar, digestion and detoxification. Mume, promoting fluid production to quench thirst, astringing lung and relieving cough. Hawthorn, invigorating stomach and promoting digestion. Papaya, Gan Ping and Jianwei. Bitter food: dry, wet, clear heat and diarrhea. Such as: bitter gourd, heat and detoxification, eyesight. Almond, relieving cough and asthma, moistening intestines and relaxing bowels. Loquat leaves, clearing lung and stomach, lowering qi and relieving summer heat. Tea strengthens the heart, promotes diuresis and clears the heart. Salty food: soft and hard to disperse, wet down. Such as: salt, clearing away heat and toxic materials, inducing vomiting and cooling blood. Sea cucumber, tonifying kidney and essence, nourishing blood and moistening dryness. Kelp, soft and hard, expectorant, diuretic, heat-clearing. Jellyfish, clearing heat and moistening intestines. Every food has a different "sexual taste", so it is necessary to combine "sex" and "taste" to accurately analyze the efficacy of food. Both are sweet, which can be divided into sweet cold, sweet cool and sweet warm, such as white sugar and brown sugar. Both are warm, with pungent, sweet and bitter temperatures, such as ginger, onion and garlic. So we can't isolate the sex and taste of food, otherwise it will be inappropriate to eat. Such as lotus seeds, sweet and slightly bitter, have the effect of strengthening the spleen, nourishing the heart and calming the nerves. Bitter gourd, cold in nature and bitter in taste, can clear heart and purge fire, and is an ideal food for patients with fever. Generally speaking: pungent enters the lung, sweet enters the spleen, sour enters the liver, bitter enters the heart and salty enters the kidney. Liver diseases should be pungent, lung diseases should be bitter, heart and kidney diseases should be salty, and spleen and stomach diseases should be sweet and sour. Therefore, only with a comprehensive understanding of the "five flavors" can we eat more reasonably and scientifically in our diet and achieve the ideal effect. Third, the principle of dietotherapy: 1, based on everyone's physique: healthy people: yin and yang are secret, qi and blood are harmonious, and diet and daily life are normal. Men should nourish liver and kidney, and women should always replenish qi and blood. Old people: the function of viscera is gradually failing, and the yin and yang in the body are out of balance. They should eat warm and cooked food and avoid sticky and cold food. People with cold constitution should eat warm foods, such as ginger, onion, garlic, longan meat and low-alcohol wine. Eat less cold food. People with hot constitution should eat cold food, such as mung beans, watermelons, celery, oranges and pears. Eat less spicy and dry food. Fat people: People with excessive appetite and phlegm should eat light and expectorant food. In order to satisfy your stomach, you can eat more cellulose-rich vegetables, such as celery, leeks and bamboo shoots. Thin people: Qi, blood and body fluid are insufficient, so it is advisable to eat food that nourishes yin and promotes fluid production. If the spleen and stomach function is poor, you can often eat yam lotus seed porridge. 2. Suit people according to their needs: Choosing food according to the cold and heat deficiency and the exterior and interior yin and yang of the disease can regulate yin and yang, make it relatively balanced and restore health. Common clinical therapies: warming and cooling, clearing away heat, tonifying deficiency and removing blood stasis. There are warm methods, clear methods, elimination methods and tonic methods: ① warm methods: such as ginger, wine, mutton and dog meat. ② Cleaning methods: such as water chestnut, raw pear, raw lotus root, banana, celery, watermelon, etc. ③ Elimination: such as malt, hawthorn, endothelium corneum Gigeriae Galli, dried tangerine peel, etc. 4 tonic methods: such as: angelica, ginseng, etc. 3. Choose food flexibly according to time and place. ① All the year round, the climate is constantly changing, which has a certain impact on the human body, so we must choose food flexibly. In spring, the climate is warm, everything germinates, people are full of energy and spirits, so they should eat some loose food, such as vegetables, beans and bean products. Δ Summer climate is hot and rainy, the spleen and stomach are trapped, and the human body likes to be cold. It is advisable to eat cool and oily foods, such as watermelon, wax gourd, mung bean soup and lotus leaf porridge. In autumn, the climate is getting cooler, the weather is refreshing and the frost drops suddenly. It is advisable to eat foods that are sweet and cold, nourishing yin and promoting fluid production, such as radish, lotus root porridge and barley porridge. Δ It is freezing in winter, everything is sealed, and the invasion of cold pathogens is easy to hurt the stomach. Should eat longan jujube porridge, beef and mutton and other nourishing foods. (2) China has a vast territory, with great differences in water, soil and climate. The south is hot, rainy and humid. The north is cold, rainy and dry. Therefore, the south should eat cold food. The north should eat warm food. Fourth, the taste and efficacy of food: 1, grain and oil: japonica rice: also known as rice. Efficacy of nature and taste: sweet, flat, healthy and nourishing the stomach, quenching thirst and relieving annoyance. Glutinous rice: also known as Jiangmi, Mi Yuan. Efficacy: sweet, slightly warm, warm spleen and stomach, tonify middle energizer and reduce defecation. Wheat: Gramineae, the seed of wheat. Efficacy of nature and taste: sweet and cool, nourishing the heart and relieving annoyance, diuresis and quenching thirst. Corn: also known as corn, corn, corn. Efficacy of nature and taste: sweet and flat, harmonizing the stomach, reducing turbidity and diuresis. Peanut: also known as peanut, it grows fruit and is born on the ground. Taste and efficacy: sweet, flat in nature, moistening lung and relieving cough, harmonizing stomach, diuresis, stopping bleeding and promoting lactation. Sesame oil: fatty oil extracted from sesame seeds of flax family, also known as sesame oil, sesame oil and sesame oil. Efficacy: sweet and cool, moistening dryness and relaxing bowels, detoxifying and promoting granulation. Peanut oil: Fatty oil extracted from peanuts. Sex and taste: sweet, flat and smooth. 2, beans: soybeans: also known as yellow soybeans. Efficacy of nature and taste: sweet, flat, spleen and qi, qi and blood. Mung bean: taste and efficacy: sweet, cool in nature, clearing away heat and toxic materials, relieving summer heat, promoting fluid production to quench thirst, promoting diuresis and reducing swelling. Beans: also known as green beans, snow beans and Dutch beans. Efficacy of nature and taste: sweet, calming the heart, benefiting qi and harmonizing the middle, detoxifying and benefiting water. Red beans: Also known as Red Mi Dou, Red beans and Mi Dou. Taste and efficacy: sweet, sour, flat, clearing away heat and toxic materials, dispelling pathogenic blood, removing tumor, promoting diuresis and promoting lactation. Broad bean: also known as kidney bean. Efficacy of nature and taste: sweet, calming the heart, invigorating the spleen and regulating the stomach, harmonizing the viscera, stopping bleeding and detoxifying. 3, vegetables: ginger: sexual taste, efficacy: pungent, slightly warm, sweating and relieving exterior, warming to stop vomiting, invigorating stomach and digestion, detoxifying and resolving phlegm. Garlic: also known as gourd, gourd garlic, garlic, garlic. Taste and efficacy: pungent, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, detoxifying, invigorating stomach, warming yang and dispelling cold, promoting blood circulation and eliminating carbuncle. Onion: also known as chives, shallots, gourds and garlic onions. Taste and efficacy: pungent and warm, relaxing muscles and tendons, benefiting lung and activating yang, and warming spleen and stomach. Pepper: taste and efficacy: pungent and hot, warm and cold, appetizing and dehumidifying. Cabbage: taste and efficacy: sweet, cool, clearing away heat and annoyance, quenching thirst and diuresis, benefiting the stomach. Radish: also known as radish. Taste and efficacy: pungent, sweet, cool, digestion promoting, hangover relieving, expectorant, lung moistening, thirst quenching, detoxification, blood stasis removing and diuretic. Celery: taste and efficacy: sweet in taste, cool in nature, calming liver and clearing heat, expelling wind and promoting diuresis. Spinach: Also known as Persian cuisine. Taste and efficacy: sweet and cool, astringing yin and moistening dryness, regulating middle energizer and nourishing blood. Leek: also known as longevity leek. Efficacy of nature and taste: pungent, warm, warming the middle and lower qi, eliminating dampness and enriching blood, tonifying kidney and strengthening yang. Lotus root: also known as lotus root. Efficacy of nature and taste: sweet, astringent, cold, clearing away heat and promoting fluid production, cooling blood, removing blood stasis and stopping bleeding, invigorating spleen and appetizing, nourishing blood and stopping diarrhea, and solidifying essence. 4, meat: pork: taste, efficacy: sweet, salty, flat, nourishing qi and blood, nourishing yin and moistening dryness. Beef; Sexual taste and efficacy; Sweet taste, calming the heart and calming the nerves, strengthening the spleen and stomach, nourishing the five internal organs, benefiting qi and blood, and strengthening bones and muscles. Chicken: taste and efficacy: sweet, warm, nourishing blood, nourishing five internal organs, strengthening bones and muscles, moistening skin and replenishing essence. Duck meat; Sexual taste and efficacy; Sweet, slightly cold, nourishing yin and tonifying deficiency, nourishing blood and strengthening the body. 5, aquatic products: crucian carp: also known as squid, ridge fish. Taste, efficacy, sweetness, smoothness, qi and blood nourishing, dehumidification and diuresis. Shrimp: Taste and efficacy: sweet, salty and warm. Tonify kidney, strengthen yang, strengthen waist and knees, promote lactation, tonify qi and blood, stimulate appetite and eliminate phlegm. Crab: Also known as hairy crab, river crab and crab. Taste and efficacy: salty and cold, clearing away heat and toxic materials, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals, benefiting qi and nourishing blood. Three-character health 1, the way of health, heavy diet. Eat well in the morning, eat well in the middle and eat less at night. 2, talk about nutrition, good regulation, no anorexia, no partial eclipse. 3. The six elements are inseparable. Sugar and fat, protein, vitamins, minerals and cellulose are in balance. 4, vegetarian, meat, soy products, more beneficial. 5. Drinking water often, drinking less and not smoking are good for your health. 6, rice noodles are good, miscellaneous grains are excellent, eat well, sleep well. The relationship between dietotherapy and medicated diet: the concepts of dietotherapy and medicated diet are often confused, and they are both different and related. "Dietotherapy" is a subject that studies health care, disease prevention and longevity. "Dietotherapy" is a diet without drugs, and "medicated diet" is a diet with drugs, which turns bitter drugs into delicious dishes. "Medicinal diet" is made by combining food and medicine on the basis of traditional dietotherapy, using traditional cooking techniques and modern processing methods. It has good color, fragrance, taste and shape, and has the effects of health care, disease prevention, rehabilitation and longevity. "Medicinal diet" includes: medicinal vegetables, medicinal porridge, medicinal liquor, medicinal tea, etc. Strictly speaking, "medicated diet" belongs to one of the pharmaceutical dosage forms, but there are many forms and varieties of this dosage form. According to the functional classification, it can be divided into: invigorating qi and spleen, nourishing blood and nutrition, invigorating qi and nourishing blood, nourishing yin and promoting fluid production, strengthening yang and tonifying kidney, calming nerves and improving intelligence, stimulating appetite and promoting digestion, warming interior and dispelling cold, regulating qi and relieving pain, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, calming the liver and calming the wind, relieving exterior syndrome and relieving cough, and clearing away heat and toxic materials. Medicinal diet is developed on the basis of dietotherapy, which can be said to be "medicinal therapy" plus "dietotherapy", so it is called "medicinal diet therapy". The history of "medicated diet therapy" has experienced a development process from scratch, from simple to complex. It is an ancient and emerging clinical practical subject, which has won the favor of people from all walks of life at home and abroad. It is necessary to choose diet therapy as soon as possible according to the situation. If you ask the root of dietotherapy, a balanced diet is the most important.

Specific diet prescription recommended 2 websites:

/

http://bbs.hefei.cc/viewthread.php? tid = 232538