Yun Cao (1643) written by Yuchang in the late Ming Dynasty recorded the medical records of Gu Shuming Jiro and Saburo inoculated in Peiping, which was more specific: "Gu Shuming inoculated reddish, watery in color, bright and lovely, and the particles were as fine as the morning star. More specifically, the method takes the thin acne pulp of acne patients, stores it in a small porcelain bottle, and buries it in the soil for later use. Usage: If the stored acne pulp is dyed for children to wear, it will germinate in three days, grow in five days and wither in ten days. This is the earliest record of vaccination in Qing literature. +068 1 year, the Qing government specially invited Jiangxi doctor Ayla Zhang.
There are different opinions about the time, place, crowd and medical books of vaccination. In addition to Dong Yushan's New Book of Vaccination, Zhao lived in the south of the Yangtze River in the Tang Dynasty, there was also Zhang Lu, a doctor of the Qing Dynasty in the thirty-fourth year of Kangxi (1700) (16 17- 1700). In recent years, it has traveled all over the country. "There are vaccination methods such as acne pulp, dry seedlings and acne clothes in the book. In the fifty-second year of Kangxi (17 13), Zhu Chunkun wrote "Vaccination Theory" in Volume II of Vaccinia Conclusion, and Song Zhenzong Prime Minister Wang Dan (1 1 century).
1727, Yu Maokun's Notes on Jin Jingfu of Vaccinium Vaccination Department confirmed that the inventor was vaccinated in the Ming Dynasty (1567- 1572): "I heard that the vaccination method began in the Ming Dynasty. In Taiping County, the capital, my surname was lost, so I got a different surname. But it has no last name. Zhong Shu introduced four inoculation methods, namely inoculation method, inoculation method, dry seedling method and water seedling method. Written in 1742, Jin Jian of Medical Zong also recorded four inoculation methods, while the New Vaccinia Law of Zhu Yi in Qing Dynasty described the propagation method of human vaccinia: "The longer the seedlings are sown, the more clearly the efficacy is publicized.
In the preface of a new book on vaccination, Ayla Zhang said: "Yu Zu inherited the teachings of Mr. Nie Jiuwu and has been vaccinated against smallpox for generations." As you can see, zhangyan's father is good at inoculation of human pox, which was handed down by his grandfather, while his father said it was handed down by Nie Jiuwu. Nie Jiuwu (Shang Heng) was born in Qin Long in the Ming Dynasty (1567- 10). However, there is no vaccination content in existing medical books such as Nie Jiuwu's "Living Young Heart Method". According to Ayla Zhang's order, "there is always no vaccination in the book in the room, so the prescription for treating acne should be handed down from generation to generation. The technique of vaccination should not tell people the secret of its formula and refuse to write it in the book or make it public." Ayla Zhang sighed. "The medical books are full, but the vaccination technology is not spread. Cover artists want to specialize in their own interests. Therefore, it is selfish to keep technical secrets. I have been practicing for decades ... I want to spread all over the world this year, so I want to refer to it in detail and put my grandfather's secrets in the book one by one. " This shows that the vaccination technology has indeed been recorded. Even Ayla Zhang himself made the end of his book known to the world after "practicing surgery for decades". Medical case Jin Jing said that vaccination is a good way to avoid danger. But vaccination is a subject that many people are teaching, but it is not included in the prescription book, for fear that future generations will regard it as a fake life, and there is nothing to learn from it, making the good method of wisdom useless. Today, the methods of vaccination have been carefully studied, carefully reviewed and compiled into a book that will last forever. It is a golden light of vaccination, and the so-called "oral delivery" is indeed the reason why vaccination was not made public until the invention of the Ming Dynasty. This may also be a manifestation of "no distinction between medicine and Taoism" in ancient times, and it is also a manifestation that doctors are deeply influenced by the Taoist esoteric tradition in the inheritance of some secret recipes. In the twenty-seventh volume of Sun Yikui's Chishui Zhuyuan in the Ming Dynasty, he said: "The secret technique is acne, and it is forbidden, but it is not firm. They have their own opinions and methods, but they don't consider harmony and common sense. "
A hundred philosophers in the Qing Dynasty said, "I don't know when the acne rash began. It is said that it was highly toxic between Jin and Song Dynasties. For thousands of years, all beings in heaven have turned their backs. You have a kind of kindness like beans. I am studying in Ningbo and have someone. With this skill, my friend Chen Kui provided it. " Sun Li's seven people are safe, and his unbelievers suffer this.' I am willing to do it because I have a surplus. This summer, after a visit, I slept with him. I tried my best. I went to Kunshan in my spare time, but I didn't have a career. At the beginning of the government, I was also my brother and had a great reputation. This was a great success in the early political period. This is a spell, but it can be abolished. There are evil spirits in the epidemic, and all kinds of offenses are inevitable. Otherwise, there is no sincere ear to people, and it is not meaningless in ancient times. Because in the early political period, it was the book "The Benevolence of Smallpox", which was always inoculated with smallpox. "At the beginning of the political period, he was good at acupuncture, and the meridians were filled with deficiency and diarrhea, and he knew the essence, which was different from the people in the world now. This is a cloud at one end. "
It has also been suggested that the method of human pox was invented in the early Qing Dynasty. In the Republic of China 13, Yun Tieqiao wrote "Nose Miao": "In the early Qing Dynasty, someone invented the method of smallpox inoculation, which used the scab of children's smallpox, ground it into small balls and stuffed it in the baby's nostrils, called nose Miao." The author said this. The source of the disease is complex and the transmission is natural. If you use vaccinia to induce acne, it is purely internal injury. The source of the disease is simple and there is no danger. Isn't it extremely common? Studying its source, cloud is Xuan Nv's prescription for reducing illness, which is fumigated by acne gas, and fetal poison occurs when there is no illness ... On the contrary, it will be blamed on theft. This is the reason why medicine in China is underdeveloped. "The epidemic of pox in the early Qing Dynasty really provided people with some historical and psychological background. But there is no doubt that the theory of inventing vaccines in the early Qing Dynasty is not in line with historical facts.
The sixth volume of Needham's article "China and the Origin of Immunology and the Scientific Civilization of China" (the history of science and technology in China) holds that vaccination was first mentioned in the book "Heart of Vaccination" written by Wanquan, a famous doctor in Ming Dynasty, which was published in 1549. Some researchers also believe that "basically, it can be confirmed that vaccination began in the Qin Long period of the Ming Dynasty (citation: Qin Long 65433)." Vaccination first appeared in southern Anhui and Yiyang, Jiangxi in the late Ming Dynasty, and was introduced to Jiangnan in the early Qing Dynasty. Human pox vaccine appeared in southern Anhui and Jiangxi in Ming Dynasty. "
However, further research shows that vaccination was first mentioned by Zheng Yu 1523 in the volume 20 of Roasted Chicken in Ming Dynasty. The fourth volume "He Ying Nan Zhou" said: "Spring was taught in Vietnam, and then inoculated with benevolence; I got my second brother's career recently, which is all good news. When my husband entered autumn, he was slightly ill, but his mind was greatly reduced, his eyes were blurred, and his teeth were half moving, which was beyond reproach. Bai Xia's life is only called when her illness is exhausted, and she can take a leisure day to beg for my unbelief and masturbation. Brother Shi Long is also here at this time.
The "Ren Xian" mentioned in the article is mentioned in the letter to Zhou Nan in Volume 18: "It is ok to show benevolence for marriage". It can be seen that "Ren Xian" should be below the crown age, while "Jishang" is a place name. Volume 25 The poem "Wei Chuan Parting to Send Shu Ji" is based on Wang Songying-lin's "A General Interpretation of Tongjian Geography" Volume 7 "Helping Water". In summary, "showing benevolence for vaccination" refers to the "white life" mentioned in Ren Xian's letter (referring to the imperial edict of Nanjing in the first year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1522)) and articles.
It can be seen that the earliest known vaccination record is in 1522.
(5) 988-989: Female doctors at the top of Mount Emei began to pass vaccines.
It is worth noting that there are references to "the positive sequence of Woods' ugly behavior" in the manuscripts of "Zheng Yi Men Qing Ma Dou Niang Ke" and "Po Men Bai Niangzi Quan Ke" which have been circulating among the people for a long time, and some little-known important information is often circulated in secret language.
"Zhengyi School celebrates the struggle against women": "The Heavenly Palace sacrifices to Mother Heaven, and its merits are boundless. Woods is ugly and upright, and everyone cuts down homespun." "Youth door worship tian mother niang, boundless merit. Woods is ugly and righteous, and he travels all over the world to vaccinate against smallpox, no matter whether he is a man or a woman.
According to these scriptures, the goddess Tianmu is a miraculous doctor who spreads vaccines on Mount Emei. Zhu's ruling on acne rash named this miraculous doctor Wang Su (Huoshi 957- 10 17), the son of Wang Dan (Huoshi 1007- 1073). Zheng Yue said, "In the past, I traveled to five towns on the road, went deep into nine songs, got sick because I didn't have enough to eat, took my boat south, and died when I got home. At the age of 39, he took his apprentice Fu Ruzhou as a coffin and the prefect Wang Wensheng was buried. "
Wang Su, the son of the Prime Minister, is famous all over the world. According to the conclusion of acne rash, Wang Dan was injured when he was born, so he ordered someone to find a famous doctor. So, "when a Sichuanese was an official in Beijing, he heard that he was seeking medical treatment for acne, so he invited him to see it, but Chen said that there was a magical doctor who was vaccinated and had a magical prescription for acne. After Wang Dan knew it, he asked happily,' What's the name of this doctor? They all asked for vaccination. If they are protected by the gods, everyone is called a magic doctor, and vaccination is called a magic pox. "This is a magical doctor. Please come to Bianjing in less than two months. Seeing Wang Su, Mo Dingqi said,' This child can be vaccinated.' That is to say, vaccination will be carried out the next day. This is the evidence.
In addition, the scripture describes the "three aunts of Mount Emei" as "wearing Sizhou satin, eight pairs of Luo skirts, golden hair and jade robes, and three-inch shoes." It can be seen that the scripture recognizes that the Queen Tianmu is one foot "three inches long", which is undoubtedly the characteristic of people after the Five Dynasties, and definitely not before the Tang Dynasty or the Tang Dynasty. Of course, the Qing dynasty is not ruled out.