Tongue diagnosis belongs to the inspection of traditional Chinese medicine, which mainly includes tongue quality and tongue coating. Tongue quality reflects the rise and fall of the essence of the five internal organs and the dialectical situation of Yin and Yang, while tongue coating reflects the nature of pathogenic factors and the depth of disease location, and also provides therapeutic syndromes for the dialectical situation of Yin and Yang and five elements. From the point of view of tongue diagnosis, the syndrome is summarized from the phenomena of tongue quality, tongue picture and tongue coating, which is related to the syndromes of viscera and yin and yang, and to the syndrome differentiation of triple energizer and tongue diagnosis of febrile diseases, thus strengthening the pace of modern syndrome differentiation treatment of traditional Chinese medicine.
Looking at the tongue mainly includes looking at the tongue god, looking at the tongue color, looking at the tongue shape and looking at the tongue state. Tongue coating mainly includes the nature and color of tongue coating.
Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the so-called physique refers to the internal characteristics that are formed on the basis of innate endowment (inherited by parents), acquired in the course of human life, comprehensive and relatively stable in morphological structure, physiological function and psychological state, which is what we usually call individual differences. If you can keep in good health according to your physique type, you can get twice the result with half the effort.
So how do you know what your constitution is? What should I eat at ordinary times? How to care for all kinds of constitutions? Don't worry, just stick out your tongue.
Distinguish constitution according to tongue coating
1 Pingzhi
Symptoms of tongue coating: the tongue is reddish and the coating is thin and white.
Symptoms: If you are well-proportioned and strong; Red and energetic; Sleep well and eat well; Normal defecation; Easy-going and cheerful personality, strong adaptability to the surrounding environment, then, congratulations, you are healthy, but you still need to work hard to maintain.
Precautions: Eat moderately, avoid too cold, too hot or unclean food, reasonably match the diet structure, and eat less greasy and spicy food. Stick to regular work and rest, don't be overworked, don't go to bed immediately after eating, keep enough sleep, and exercise moderately according to your age and physical condition.
Comments: The tongue coating is clean and beautiful, and it shows that the body is healthy.
2 Qi deficiency
Symptoms of tongue coating: the color of the tongue is red, the body of the tongue is thick, and there are teeth marks on the tender edge.
Symptoms: These people are usually afraid of cold, heat and wind, and are prone to catching a cold. Children with this constitution can easily become victims of repeated colds. They go to the hospital for intravenous drip several times a month. After the injection, they recovered at that time and relapsed after a while.
Dietary suggestion: Therefore, in their diet, they should pay attention to eating more foods that can replenish qi and strengthen the spleen, such as yam, soybeans, white lentils, chicken, mushrooms, jujube, honey and so on. Eat less gas-consuming food, such as water spinach and raw radish. Daily life should be regular and avoid staying up late or overworking. Especially at noon in summer, you should have a proper rest and get enough sleep. Pay attention to keep warm at ordinary times to avoid sweating and catching the wind during labor or strenuous exercise; Avoid strenuous exercise and do some moderate exercise, such as walking, playing Tai Ji Chuan and doing exercises. And persevere.
Comments: Compared with Pinghe, the tongue coating of qi deficiency is much lighter, and the tongue body is still hypertrophy. This kind of person often feels short of breath, tired, weak, quiet and prone to catching a cold.
3 Yang deficiency
Symptoms of tongue coating: pale tongue, fat body, tender edge with teeth marks and moist tongue coating.
Symptoms: This kind of people are afraid of the cold and dare not blow air conditioners in summer, especially in the upper abdomen, back or waist and knees. They always feel windy and wear more clothes than others, but their hands and feet are cold. They always like hot food and water, and they always feel uncomfortable when eating or drinking cold things, and they are prone to diarrhea. Personality is mostly quiet and introverted, and likes to be quiet.
Dietary suggestion: people with yang deficiency can eat more beef and mutton, leeks, ginger and other foods to supplement yang at the same temperature, and eat less cold foods such as pears, watermelons and water chestnuts. Pay attention to keep warm in autumn and winter, especially on the back, upper abdomen, lower abdomen and soles of feet. Avoid staying in an air-conditioned room for a long time in summer. When the weather is fine, do outdoor activities properly and choose some soothing and gentle exercises to avoid sweating too much.
Comments: This kind of tongue coating looks watery and shows cold and dampness. Many people think this is damp heat constitution. Simply eating highland barley and red beans to eliminate dampness and promote diuresis is not effective.
The main reason for this constitution is the lack of vitality. "It's not that there is too much water in the body, but that the power of the pump is not enough." Professor Yang Zhimin said that among Cantonese, the proportion of yang deficiency and qi deficiency is the top two, not damp heat constitution.
deficiency of yin
Symptoms of tongue coating: red tongue, less body fluid and less coating.
Symptoms: Most of these people are slender, extroverted, lively and even a little impatient. They often feel hot hands and feet, their faces are burning, their eyes are dry, and their faces are always blushing. These people especially don't like the heat in summer, because it will make them feel more thirsty, dry skin, want to drink water, dry stool and easy to lose sleep.
Dietary suggestion: They should eat more cool and moist products such as lean meat, duck meat, water chestnut and tremella, and eat less isothermal dry products such as mutton, leeks, peppers and sunflower seeds. Its living environment should be quiet, avoiding staying up late, strenuous exercise and hot summer work. Suitable for aerobic exercise, you can choose Tai Ji Chuan, Taijijian and other traditional fitness programs that combine static and dynamic. Control the amount of sweating during exercise and replenish water in time. Not suitable for sauna.
Comments: Professor Yang Zhimin said that among most patients she met in clinic, absolute yin deficiency constitution is very rare, and in many cases, both qi and yin deficiency exist. If you simply take nourishing yin drugs for a long time, your stomach will be bad. You'd better not adjust it yourself, you must find an expert to adjust it.
5 Phlegm dampness
Symptoms of tongue coating: the tongue is fat and the tongue coating is white and greasy.
Symptoms: They are obese, and more importantly, their bellies are full and soft. The eyelids are slightly swollen, the skin on the face is oily, and it is easy to sweat. I often feel chest tightness and phlegm, and I feel sore and sleepy in my limbs. Generally, he is gentle. Generally speaking, these people are prone to coronary heart disease, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and so on.
Dietary suggestion: It should be noted that not all fat people are phlegm-damp. In Huangdi Neijing, fat people are divided into three types: ointment people, fat people and meat people. Ointment refers to obesity like Xiao Liu, whose abdomen is fat and soft, sweaty and sticky; Fat people are similar to Yang Yuhuan people. They are plump and well-proportioned and have no other discomfort. Meat people, like athletes, may be overweight, but they are basically well-proportioned, with strong muscles and a lower abdomen. The only thing that needs to lose weight is the first one.
Such people should pay attention to a light diet and control the intake of fat, sweets and sticky food. You can eat more kelp, melon and so on. The living environment should be dry and not wet, and outdoor activities should be carried out more. Physical exercise should be carried out step by step according to your own specific situation, but you usually need to sweat when exercising, so clothes should be breathable and moisture-proof, and you should often sunbathe or sunbathe.
Phlegm dampness can be divided into deficiency syndrome and heat syndrome. Generally, older people are more deficient in phlegm and dampness.
How to distinguish phlegm-dampness from deficiency or heat?
If this tongue coating is combined with dry mouth, bitter taste, dry stool, vigorous energy and loud voice, it is mostly phlegm-dampness and internal heat;
If the complexion is dull, people are obese, sweaty and the stool is rancid, this type is mostly phlegm-dampness deficiency.
6 damp-heat quality
Symptoms of tongue coating: red tongue, yellow and greasy tongue coating
Symptoms: This kind of person's face and nose are always shiny, prone to acne and itchy skin. I often feel bitter taste, bad breath or peculiar smell in my mouth and feel heavy and sleepy. The stool is dry and sticky, with red tongue and yellow greasy fur. Most of them are impatient and irritable, and it is difficult for them to adapt to the hot and humid climate.
Dietary suggestion: This group of people should take a light diet and eat more sweet and cold foods such as adzuki bean, mung bean, celery, cucumber and lotus root. Eat less warm and greasy food such as mutton, leek, ginger, pepper, pepper, and barbecue. Avoid living in low-lying and humid places, and the living environment should be dry and ventilated. Midsummer is a hot and humid season, so we should reduce the time for outdoor activities. Don't stay up late, don't be too tired, and be sure to keep enough regular sleep. Sports are suitable for high-intensity and large-amount sports, such as long-distance running, swimming, mountain climbing, various ball games, martial arts and so on. Because of the high temperature and humidity in summer, it is best to exercise when it is cool.
Comments: There are fewer people in damp heat constitution now. People who often work outdoors, street cleaners, vegetable farmers, etc. There is a lot of damp and heat, which is rare for white-collar workers who often work in offices.
7 blood stasis
Symptoms of tongue coating: dull or purple lips, dull tongue, flaky ecchymosis and varicose veins under the tongue.
Comments: People who drink cold drinks for a long time or are older have more blood stasis.
Symptoms: Most people with this constitution are thin, irritable and forgetful. The complexion and lips are dark, often with pigmentation, dry skin and prone to ecchymosis. Not only that, their hair falls off easily, and they often feel this kind of pain and that kind of pain. Women with blood stasis are mostly "victims" of dysmenorrhea, and they are prone to amenorrhea, dark purple menstrual blood and metrorrhagia. In addition, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and some tumors are also related to blood stasis and should be paid attention to.
Dietary suggestion: such people should eat more foods such as hawthorn, vinegar, roses and kumquat. It has the functions of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, promoting qi circulation and relieving depression, soothing the liver and relieving depression, and eating less greasy products such as fat meat. Work and rest should be regular, keep enough sleep, strengthen physical exercise and avoid poor blood circulation.
Young people should not think that blood stasis is exclusive to the elderly. People who drink cold drinks for a long time, stay up late for a long time and suffer from insomnia for a long time are prone to blood stasis due to cold. This kind of physique must be recuperated by a doctor, otherwise it is easy to get seriously ill over time.
8 qi stagnation
Symptoms of tongue coating: the tongue is reddish or dark, and the coating is thin, white or dry, white and greasy.
Symptoms: Most people with this constitution are thin, often feel depressed and depressed, easily nervous, anxious, sentimental, easily afraid or frightened, often feel pain in their breasts and sides, often sigh for no reason, often have a feeling of blocked throat or foreign body, and are prone to insomnia and forgetfulness.
It should be said that a few patients with depression are inherited, or it may be caused by some bad experiences in the past, which is closely related to depression.
Dietary suggestion: This kind of people should eat more foods such as day lily, kelp, hawthorn, roses and so on, which have the functions of promoting qi circulation, relieving depression, promoting digestion and waking up. In addition, they should try to increase outdoor activities and group activities and integrate more into society instead of staying at home all the time. Because these people are prone to insomnia, they must avoid drinking tea, coffee and cocoa before going to bed.
Comments: Yes, Lin Daiyu may have this kind of tongue coating. If young girls have this kind of tongue coating, they are prone to breast discomfort, dysmenorrhea, headache and crying.
9 Intrinsic quality
Symptoms of tongue coating: various shapes, deep cracks and blooming.
Symptoms: There are many manifestations of idiosyncratic constitution. For example, some people often have nasal congestion, sneezing and runny nose even if they don't catch a cold, which is easy to suffer from asthma and allergic to drugs, food, smell, pollen and seasons. Some people's skin is prone to urticaria. Due to allergies, the skin often appears purple-red petechiae and ecchymosis, and the skin often turns red and scratches appear as soon as it is scratched, which is somewhat similar to the allergic constitution mentioned by Western medicine.
Dietary suggestion: this kind of people should have a light and balanced diet, appropriate thickness and reasonable combination of meat and vegetables. Eat more foods that benefit qi and strengthen the exterior, and less spicy foods, such as buckwheat (containing allergenic substance buckwheat fluorescein), broad beans, white lentils, beef, geese, carp, shrimp, crab, eggplant, wine, peppers, strong tea and coffee, and foods with fishy smell or allergens. Keep the room clean and ventilated, and wash and dry bedding and sheets frequently. It is not advisable to move into the house immediately after interior decoration. You should open the window and let the smell of paint, formaldehyde and other chemicals evaporate before moving. When there is a lot of outdoor pollen in spring, the outdoor activity time should be reduced. It is not advisable to keep pets, so as not to be allergic to animal fur. Keep enough sleep, take an active part in physical exercise, and strengthen your physique. Exercise in cold weather should pay attention to cold and warmth.
Comments: Such people are generally allergic. Some people are prone to this kind of tongue coating after a serious illness or after eating a lot of western medicine.
If a person's tongue coating is originally clean and suddenly thickens, it means that some diseases have sprouted in the digestive and circulatory functions of internal organs, and it is best to seek medical attention in time.
In addition, physical fitness is sometimes not single, and often a person has many kinds of physical fitness, which is quite complicated. Therefore, it is best to find a professional doctor to help identify the physique and prescribe the right medicine.