The history of music therapy in China can be traced back to modern times. From the study of Neolithic cultural relics unearthed 7000 or 8000 years ago, it is found that there are music and dance behaviors in some patterns, from which the significance of health care and treatment can be realized. Such as Yangshao culture, Majiayao culture and Longshan culture. "Lu Chunqiu Ancient Music" says: "In the past, when people were depressed and stagnant, their bones and muscles could not shrink, so they pretended to dance to spread it." Primitive song and dance is actually a kind of music exercise therapy, which is really good for relieving depression, unblocking meridians and regulating body and mind, and is easy to popularize and implement.
2. Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period
With the all-round development of China's ancient civilization, China's consciousness and methods of music health care therapy have also been improved and developed, and the ideological system of early Chinese medicine music therapy has been formed, represented by the music theory in Yue Ji and the five-tone theory in Neijing.
2. 1 month
Yue Ji is the earliest and most influential monograph on music theory in China. It is a chapter in the Book of Rites and one of the important Confucian classics. According to legend, it was written by Confucius disciple Gongsun Nizi. When the Han Dynasty became emperor, Liu Xiangxiao compiled 23 pieces of The Book of Rites, of which 1 1 was included in Yue Ji. These eleven works include: Le Ben, Le Lun, Li Le, Xerox, Le Yan, Le Xiang, Yueqing, Hua Le, Wei Wenhou, Bin Moujia, Teacher B and so on. Yue Ji systematically sorts out the music theory, determines the theory of five tones (angle, sign, palace, business and feather), and discusses the original music; Music production and appreciation; Music plays an important role in both society and individuals, and attaches importance to the relationship between music and ceremony. "Yue Ji" says: "The musician is happy, and the piano is happy; After feeling things, listen to Xiu De; Music is the heart, and the blood is flat. " From this we can see the relationship between music and psychosomatic conditions.
2. 1 Huangdi Neijing
The Huangdi Neijing in the pre-Qin period holds that music is closely related to the universe, heaven and earth, and the qi of human body. The introduction of five tones into the medical field is not only closely related to people's internal organs, emotions and personality, but also can be used to express the changes of heaven and earth in time and space.
There is a special chapter in Lingshu Wuyin Wuwei Pian, which explains the close relationship between Wuyin and Zang-fu Yin-Yang meridians from the nature and location, and points out the meridians that should be taken when regulating. At the same time, the combination of five grains, five animals, five fruits, five flavors, five colors and five seasons is listed, which plays an important role in harmonizing the qi of five internal organs and meridians.
Su Wen Yin Yang Ying Xiang Da Lun and Su Wenjin Gui Yan Zhen organically relate the palace, business, horn, sign and feather in the five tones with the physiological and psychological contents of the five internal organs (spleen, lung, liver, heart and kidney) and five senses (thinking, worry, anger, joy and fear). In detail, the heart belongs to fire. Spleen belongs to the earth, sound is the palace, and ambition is thinking; Lung belongs to gold, voice is business, and ambition is worry; Kidney belongs to water, voice is feather, ambition is fear. "In" Twenty-five chapters of Ling Shu Yin Yang ",an in-depth analysis of physical and mental characteristics based on the five-tone attributes such as more and less, partiality and righteousness is the source of the theory of Yin Yang personality and physique in traditional Chinese medicine, which embodies the idea of dialectical music.
The theory of five movements and six qi in traditional Chinese medicine puts forward that five tones are healthy and too few are interrelated. Since the five movements and ten branches each have yin and yang, there are many yang branches and few yin branches. For example, A has gong yin, Yang has gong yin, and Yin has gong yin, which is too much, but it is not enough without it. For another example, A is the positive soil, and the positive soil will produce Yin Jin B, that is, the squire will produce less business; Yin Jin will give birth to Shui Yang C, which means that less business will give birth to too many feathers; Yang water will produce Yin Mu Ding, that is, too much feather will produce less horns, and Yin Mu will produce Yang Huo E, that is, less horns will produce more signs; Yang fire will produce yin soil, that is, more taxes will produce less palaces. Too little repetition, yin is born in yang, and yang is born in yin, which is constantly changing and developing. It has become an important cornerstone of the theory of "harmony between man and nature" to express the temporal and spatial variation law of nature by using five tones.
3. During more than 2000 years from Han Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, TCM music therapy has been practiced and applied by some doctors in many aspects of clinical medicine, and accumulated a lot of experience, but as far as the overall theory and operation method system are concerned, it has developed slowly and systematically, and has not been widely popularized and applied.
In recent ten years, with the transformation of human medical model and the re-understanding of traditional medicine in China, music therapy of traditional Chinese medicine has been actively concerned and studied by many scholars at home and abroad, and has gradually become a new research field.