1, psychological nursing

Cerebrovascular diseases mostly occur in the elderly, who have poor ability to deal with life and sequelae, and are prone to impatience or lose confidence in treatment. Therefore, when caring for patients, relatives should be patient and meticulous, keep abreast of patients' psychological activities, do a good job in patients' ideological work, and enhance their confidence in overcoming diseases.

2. Pay attention to personal hygiene:

Wipe the body regularly, help the patient change clothes and pants, and dry the bedding. Maintain oral hygiene. When hemiplegic patients can't brush their teeth by themselves, they can scrub their mouths with sterilized gauze dipped in warm water, or wipe all parts of their mouths with cotton swabs and cotton balls dipped in warm salt water, every morning and evening 1 time.

3, pay attention to prevent bedsore:

Hemiplegic patients who stay in bed for a long time maintain a certain fixed posture or posture for a long time, and their blood circulation in the compressed parts of the body, such as the skin and soft tissues of the lower back and waist, is blocked, malnutrition and poor resistance, resulting in local skin redness, ulceration and ulcers, forming bedsores. In severe cases, the ulcer will expand and deepen, and then the whole body will be infected, which can cause septicemia and endanger life. In order to prevent bedsores, we should pay attention to changing the posture of bed rest and turn over every 2-3 hours 1 time. Mattress should be kept flat, dry and clean, and cleaned in time after defecation to keep the skin dry and hygienic. If the local skin starts to turn red, you can wipe it with 50% alcohol and gently massage it in circles. You can also use moxa stick moxibustion locally to make the skin slightly warm. If bedsore has formed, it should be treated according to each stage of bedsore under the guidance of a doctor.

4, pay attention to prevent lung infection:

Hemiplegic bedridden patients have poor resistance and are prone to lung infection. Therefore, we should pay special attention to avoid catching a cold, otherwise sputum is not easy to cough up after upper respiratory tract infection, and it is easy to spread to lower respiratory tract and cause lung infection.

5, pay attention to the treatment of urine:

Some hemiplegic patients are incontinent. If it is not cleaned in time, it is easy to cause urinary system infection. Therefore, we must pay attention to changing the pad cloth frequently and keep it clean locally. If there is redness around the anus or the skin, it can be washed and dried with warm water and coated with zinc oxide paste to protect the skin. If you have constipation, you should relax your bowels in time, and you can use kaisailu or soapy water enema. Increasing the intake of cellulose in the diet can prevent dry stool to some extent. Chinese medicine senna leaves soaked in water instead of tea has a good laxative effect, so try it.

6. Pay attention to nutrition:

A considerable number of hemiplegic patients are malnourished or malnourished, because they can't take care of themselves and may have throughput obstacles. Therefore, special attention should be paid to strengthening nutrition in home care to ensure the supply of protein, vitamins, cellulose and electrolytes for patients. Patients with dysphagia who have not fully recovered can eat some soft solid food. If necessary, we should stick to feeding. If conditions permit, you can consult a dietitian to help determine the best way of nutrition supply, such as intravenous nutrition or oral nutrition, to ensure that patients get the nutrition they need during the rehabilitation period.

7. Strengthen the guidance of functional exercise.

According to the patient's condition, the patient can combine active and passive activities, bed exercise and bed exercise, whole body exercise and local exercise. At the same time, pay attention to the treatment of primary diseases and actively treat hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease, diabetes and so on. Patients should also arrange their lives reasonably, combine work and rest, avoid emotional excitement, quit smoking, drink less, and check their blood pressure regularly.

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