The origin of solar terms in Xiao Man
"Twenty-four solar terms" is the product of ancient farming civilization, and farming production is closely related to the rhythm of nature. It is a knowledge system formed by ancient ancestors following the farming season, observing the movement of celestial bodies and understanding the changing laws of seasons, climate and phenology throughout the year.
The "Twenty-four solar terms" were originally determined by the rotation direction of bucket handle, the Big Dipper, which rotates circularly and is closely related to the twenty-four solar terms. In different seasons and at different times, the Big Dipper will point in different directions, which has also become the basis for ancient people to judge the changes of seasons and solar terms. The rotation of the Big Dipper bucket handle points to a solar term, and when bucket handle points to A, it is "small full". The current "twenty-four solar terms" come from the "fixed gas method" concluded more than 300 years ago, and the "fixed gas method" solar terms are also calculated according to precise astronomical calculations. "Constant gas method" is a method to determine solar terms according to the position of the sun on the regression ecliptic, that is, on a "ecliptic" with a circumference of 360 degrees, it is divided into 24 equal parts, each 15 is 1 equal part, and each 1 equal part is a solar term. The solar terms divided by the method of "fixing qi" are "small full" when the sun reaches 60 degrees of the yellow meridian.
Between May 20th and 22nd of the Gregorian calendar every year, when the sun reaches 60 degrees of the Yellow Meridian, it is Xiaoman in the 24 solar terms, China. The naming of the 24 solar terms reflects the rhythm changes of seasons and phenology.
A small solar term means entering the rainy season of heavy precipitation, and the rain begins to increase, and there will often be a continuous large-scale heavy precipitation. Xiaoman, like rain, Grain Rain, light snow and heavy snow, are solar terms that directly reflect precipitation. Xiaoman reflects the climatic characteristics of heavy rainfall: "Xiaoman River is full" (south). Another explanation is that the seeds of summer grain in the north are full, but immature, just small and not full (north).
Twenty-four solar terms, Yuan Wucheng wrote: "In mid-April, people are small and full, and things are small and full." This is a summary of the phenological phenomenon of Xiaoman solar terms. This means that at this time, the seeds of summer sowing crops such as wheat in the northern region have begun to be full, but they are not yet mature, which is about the late stage of milk ripening, so it is called xiaoman.
Xiaoman has two definitions of "full". One is to describe the fullness of crops, and the other is to describe the situation of rain surplus and shortage.
At this time, the seeds of summer sowing crops such as wheat in the north have begun to be full, but they are not yet mature, which is about the late stage of milk ripening, so it is called Xiaoman.
Agricultural proverbs in southern China give Xiaoman a new meaning: "Xiaoman is not satisfied with the broken ridge"; "Xiao is full of discontent, regardless of mango."
The word "full" is used to describe the amount of rain, and it is pointed out that if there is not enough water in the field when it is full, the ridge of the field may crack and even rice cannot be planted when it is planted.
On Xiaoman Day, there is usually a lot of rain in the south. If the cold air in the north can penetrate deep into the southern part of China, and the warm and humid airflow in the south is also strong, it will easily cause heavy rain or torrential rain in South China. Therefore, the late Xiaoman solar term is often the tense stage of flood control in these areas.
Small solar terms health food
1, wax gourd
It has the effects of clearing away heat, promoting diuresis, relieving swelling and toxic materials, promoting fluid production and relieving restlessness, and is suitable for summer heat, polydipsia, edema, dysuria, thirst quenching, drinking water, edema and dyspnea.
2. onions (surname)
It has the effects of regulating stomach, regulating qi, eliminating dampness and resolving phlegm, detoxicating and killing insects, and is suitable for chest distress, excessive expectoration and dysuria.
3. purslane
It has the effects of clearing heat, promoting diuresis, promoting blood circulation and reducing swelling, and is suitable for acute enteritis, dysentery, hematuria, urinary fever, jaundice and gingivitis.
4, crucian carp
It has the effects of invigorating spleen and promoting diuresis, and is suitable for spleen deficiency, anorexia, weakness, thirst, edema and dysuria.
5. abalone
It has the effects of nourishing blood, softening liver, nourishing yin, clearing away heat, improving eyesight, promoting diuresis, and relieving arthralgia, and is suitable for internal heat due to yin deficiency, amenorrhea due to blood deficiency, galactorrhea due to yin deficiency, yang hyperactivity due to yin deficiency, night blindness cataract, and damp-heat stranguria.
6. Corn
It has the effects of regulating middle energizer, stimulating appetite, reducing turbidity and promoting diuresis, and is suitable for urinary calculi or edema of chronic nephritis, hypertension, anorexia, etc.
7.sorghum
It has the effects of invigorating spleen and kidney, eliminating dampness and stopping dysentery, and is suitable for children's dyspepsia, vomiting and diarrhea due to damp heat, and diarrhea.
8. Coix seed
It is beneficial to diuresis, dampness absorption, spleen strengthening and diarrhea stopping, and is suitable for short and red urine, edematous beriberi, rheumatalgia, diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, verruca plana, etc.
9, lentils
It has the effects of invigorating spleen, regulating middle energizer, relieving summer heat and eliminating dampness, and is suitable for summer heat-dampness vomiting, spleen deficiency vomiting, anorexia, loose stool, diarrhea and edema, leucorrhea with red and white discharge, etc.
10, Oenanthe javanica
It has the effects of clearing away heat and promoting diuresis, and is suitable for stranguria, hemorrhage, leukorrhagia, etc.
Matters needing attention in xiaoman health care
1, stay up late less
Because after the solar term expires, the days are long, the nights are short, the temperature is high, the human body's metabolism is vigorous, the consumption is also large, and it is easy to get tired. If you stay up late for a long time, it will cause the disorder of people's physiological body and metabolic system, leading to excessive internal heat, which is easy to cause constipation, oral ulcer, sore throat and other symptoms of excessive internal heat. Therefore, in the hot summer, the effective way to prevent getting angry is to work regularly and avoid staying up late.
Step 2 pay attention to clothes
The temperature rises gradually after the small fullness, so the dress should be loose and comfortable, which is convenient for activities, cool and ventilated, and conducive to heat dissipation. Generally speaking, the smaller the body area covered by clothes, the faster the body temperature is lost, but in hot summer, don't mistakenly think that the more exposed you are, the cooler you will be, because only when the outside temperature is lower than the skin temperature will you feel cool when exposed. When the outside air temperature is higher than the skin temperature, the exposed area should not exceed 25% of the total surface area of the human body, otherwise the thermal radiation will invade the skin and become hotter.
Step 3 avoid catching a cold
After a short day, the temperature rises obviously and the rainfall increases, but it will still be cold in the morning and evening, and the daily temperature difference is still large, especially after the rain, to avoid catching a cold, especially when sleeping at night. Otherwise, the evil of cold and dampness stays on the skin and turns into heat, which is easy to cause skin diseases such as rubella and eczema; Staying in joints can easily lead to various rheumatic diseases. Although I don't usually sleep on rocks or cold ground now, air conditioning, summer sleeping mat, cold bath and short skirt may bring a lot of cold and dampness. If you accidentally come into contact with damp and cold, you can get rid of dampness by exercising or taking a hot bath.
5. Eat less cold food
After entering Xiaoman, the temperature rises, and people often like to use cold drinks to cool down, but excessive cold drinks can lead to abdominal pain, diarrhea and other diseases. Eating a cold diet at this time is likely to cause gastrointestinal discomfort and abdominal pain, diarrhea and other symptoms. Because children's digestive system is underdeveloped and the visceral function of the elderly is gradually declining, this situation is more likely to occur in children and the elderly. Therefore, we should pay attention to avoid eating too much cold food in our diet.
6. Don't lose your temper.
People tend to sweat in hot weather, but Chinese medicine has always regarded sweat as "the liquid of the heart". Excessive sweating naturally consumes heart yin, which leads to more deficiency of heart yang and makes people feel tired. This is called "eating gas by fire", that is, if the fire is too strong, the gas in our body will be consumed. Therefore, in the hot summer climate, we should always pay attention to the harm of heart fire to human body. First of all, just don't lose your temper and add fuel to the fire. In Su Wen's theory of four qi regulating the spirit, it is also mentioned that "making the will not be angry", that is, people should be careful not to lose their temper because of irritability. "If you let off your breath, you should let it out peacefully and freely, as if you were angry." .
7. Prevent skin diseases
Because of the hot and humid weather in summer, it is easy to breed mosquitoes and cause itchy skin or infection, so prevention is very important. This requires attention to family and personal hygiene. Change exposed bedding and close-fitting clothes frequently, and eradicate the "hotbed" where germs breed and spread in hot and humid weather.
8. Pay attention to food hygiene
In the full season, as the weather gets hotter, food tends to deteriorate and rot. "Illness comes from the mouth", so we should pay special attention to food hygiene. Try to avoid eating cold food, avoid eating overnight food, and stop drinking in summer to cool down, so as to effectively prevent abdominal pain, diarrhea and other diseases.
9, suitable for outdoor sports
The weather is cooler in the morning and evening after Xiaoman Festival, which is more suitable for outdoor sports, while walking, doing exercises and playing Tai Ji Chuan are the most suitable. In addition, playing chess, calligraphy, fishing and so on. It is also a good way to cultivate one's morality. In the summer after Xiaoman starts school, exercise should not be strenuous to prevent sweating from hurting Yin and Yang.
10, eat more vegetarian food.
After entering Xiaoman, the temperature continued to rise, and the diet was mainly light and refreshing vegetarian food. You can often eat foods with the functions of clearing away dampness and heat and nourishing yin, such as adzuki bean, coix seed, mung bean, wax gourd, cucumber, day lily, cress, auricularia auricula, carrot, tomato, watermelon, yam, crucian carp and grass carp.
1 1, eat less spicy, greasy and humid food.
After the small full, there is more and more rain, and the air is hot and humid, which is easy to cause diseases such as rubella, eczema and wet skin disease. Therefore, in terms of diet, we should eat less spicy, greasy and humid food. Such as raw onion, raw garlic, ginger, mustard, pepper, pepper, marine fish, shrimp, crab, cattle, sheep, dogs, geese, etc., should be properly ingested after the festival.
12, eat more "bitter"
It's better to take tonic than to eat bitterness on a hot day. In summer, many people will lose their appetite because of the heat. Bitter vegetables are not as good as "entering the heart meridian to reduce the heart fire, except the heart fire to calm the heart." People's taste buds are more sensitive to bitterness. Eating bitter food can relieve summer heat, strengthen the spleen and stimulate appetite, and promote digestion, which is exactly a multi-purpose.